Exam 1 Clicker Questions Flashcards
Which one of the following is not a component of a virus?
A. Nucleic acid
B. Capsid
C. Envelope
D. Capsule
D. Capsule
The viral matrix protein is located between the viral nucleic acid (DNA/RNA) and the capsid.
A. True
B. False
B. False
Matrix Protein is between the envelope and the capsid. Gives stability to the envelope. Capsid is the protein covering of the nucelic acid.
Which one of the following is not a mechanism of genetic diversity of viruses?
A. Reassortment
B. Point mutations
C. Recombination
D. Conjugation
D. Conjugation
An incomplete virion is composed of ?
A. only nucleic acid (DNA/RNA)
B. Only lipid envelope
C. Only capsid
D. Lipid envelope and nucleic acid, no capsid
C. Only capsid
What would you use to detach and dissociate cells for subculture?
A. Tyrosine
B. Renin
C. Trypsin
D. Pepsin
C. Trypsin
Which one of the following is not a common method of virus inoculation in embryonated eggs?
A. Yolk sac inoculation
B. Chorioallantoic Membrane Inoculation
C. Amniotic Cavity Inoculation
D. Air Sac inoculation
D. Air Sac inoculation
In rate zonal centrifugation, virus particles are separated on basis of their buoyant density.
A. True
B. False
B. False
Separated by Mass
Which of the following is not a physical assay for quantification of viruses?
A. Electron Microscopy
B. ELISA
C. Pock assay
D. qPCR
C. Pock assay
A PFU/ml of 300 means ?
A. 300 viruses are present in 1 ml of sample to cause one plaque in monolayer cell culture.
B. One virus is present per ml of sample to form 300 plaques in monolayer cell culture.
C. The minimum # of viruses present per ml of the sample to form 300 plaques in monolayer cell culture.
C. The minimum # of viruses present per ml of the sample to form 300 plaques in monolayer cell culture.
Viruses can enter the host cell using any receptor present on surface of host cell.
A. True
B. False
B. False
Needs a specific receptor
Which of the following methods cannot be used by viruses for penetrating into host cell?
A. Receptor mediated endocytosis
B. Membrane fusion
C. Pore-mediated penetration
D. Exocytosis
D. Exocytosis
The Poly-A tail is added to the 3’ end of the viral mRNA.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Viruses can acquire the lipid envelop only from the cell membrane of infected host cells.
A. True
B. False
B. False
Some odd viruses that can acquire the lipid envelope ER, nucleus, golgi apparatus, and come out via exocytosis
Mosquito bites can transmit some viruses directly to the blood. This is a case of active viremia.
A. True
B. False
A. False
It is called Passive Viremia
Viruses can enter the CNS from blood by ?
A. Monocyte trafficking
B. Breaking the cementing at endothelial junctions
C. Increase permeability of endothelium
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
A family of viruses may prefer a particular organ for effective replication. The term used to describe same is ?
A. Affinity
B. Pathogenicity
C. Tropism
D. Virulence
C. Tropism
Which one of the following is not usually a feature of persistent viral infection?
A. Virus may remain dormant in host cell.
B. Reactivation (clinical disease) occurs during stress.
C. Intermittent shedding of virus for long periods.
D. Rapid clearance from host immune response.
D. Rapid clearance from host immune response.
In tissue culture, visible morphological changes/damages to monolayer cells resulting from virus infection is also known as?
A. Teratogenic effect
B. Cytopathic effect
C. Lethal effect
D. Somatopathic effect
B. Cytopathic effect
Apoptosis is a ‘sort of’ host defense mechanism against viral infection.
A. True
B. False
A. True
Vacutainer tubes used to collect blood sample to obtain serum for diagnostic purposes usually have ___ colored caps?
A. Lavender
B. Blue
C. Red
D. Orange
C. Red
I observed that dairy workers who had contracted a relatively mild infection called cowpox were immune to smallpox. Applying this strategy, I develop immunization (vaccination) against small pox by repeatedly inoculating cowpox material into a healthy boy. Who am I:
A. Louis Pasteur
B. Edward Jenner
C. Walter Reed
D. Max Knoll
B. Edward Jenner
Smallpox, a deadly viral disease in humans, has been eradicated. Can you name a viral disease of animals that has been eradicated?
A. Transmissible gastroenteritis in pigs
B. Peste des petits ruminants
C. Rinderpest
D. Winter Dysentery in cattle
C. Rinderpest
In the Baltimore Classification system, viruses have been classified into seven groups based on the features of their genomes. Under this system, Class/Group III viruses possess:
A. Negative single-strand RNA
B. Positive single-strand RNA
C. Double-strand RNA
D. Positive Single-strand RNA with reverse transcriptase
C. Double-strand RNA
Diploid cell lines exhibit properties of contact inhibition and anchorage dependence
A. True
B. False
A. True
qPCR/Real-time PCR is one type of physical virus quantification tests.
A. True
B. False
A. True
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract has several defense mechanisms to combat viral infection. Which one of the following defense mechanisms is not found in the GI tract?
A. Defensins
B. IgA antibodies
C. Macrophages
D. Mucociliary Blanket
D. Mucociliary Blanket
Internal viral antigens usually elicit protective Cell Mediated Immune (CMI) response:
A. True
B. False
A. True
Rhinoviruses are viruses of the respiratory tract and cause common cold. Rhinoviruses primarily infect the nasopharynx, and not the alveoli. This is because the nasal passages maintain a higher temperature compared to the alveoli.
A. True
B. False
B. False
Which one of the following viruses has one of the simplest icosahedral capsid with a triangulation number of only T=1?
A. Poxvirus
B. Parvovirus
C. Papillomavirus
D. Herpesvirus
B. Parvovirus
Which one of the following proteins of enveloped viruses serve as the link between the internal nucleocapsid and the lipid membrane envelope, allowing stabilization of the lipid envelope. During progeny (newly formed) virus release from the infected host cell, this protein also serves as the recognition site of nucleocapsid at inner surface of the host cell plasma/cytoplasmic membrane and mediates the encapsidation of the virus nucleocapsid into the membrane envelope.
A. Fusion protein
B. Hemagglutinin
C. Matrix protein
D. Channel protein
C. Matrix Protein
The study of virus evolution using genome sequence data is known as:
A. Metagenomics
B. Phylogenetics
C. PCR
D. Microarray
B. Phylogenetics
POCs in viral diagnostics is abbreviation for?
A. Patient On Care Assays
B. Point of Care Assays
C. Point of Control Assays
D. Positive On Control Assays
B. Point of Care Assays
Rabies has never been reported before in SK. Suddenly, a few cases of canine rabies are reported from SK, especially among dogs that accompanied incoming RUSVM students from USA. In this context, rabies would be ?
A. Enzootic
B. Panzootic
C. Exotic
D. Epizootic
C. Exotic
Rapid changes in the structure of a viral antigen of a virus over time due to mutations is also known as Antigenic Multiplicity.
A. True
B. False
B. False
Known as Antigenic Plasticity
Adaptive immunity is virus specific.
A. True
B. False
A. True
