Exam 1- Chapter 7

Question 1

What are values?

Answer 1

• Mental maps for decision making that endure for a significant time in one’s life.
• Ideas used to determine what is right or wrong.
• Values are embedded within a value system; a learned set of principles and rules.
• Values are learned and communicated through behaviors that occur when interacting with socializing influences.
• Values are codified in social systems.

Question 2

What are Personal Values?

Answer 2

Beliefs a person considers highly important and are learned through interactions with social systems.

Question 3

What are Professional Values?

Answer 3

Beliefs endorsed by professional groups (like associations) that support generalizable standards of conduct that are to be upheld in all professional situations.

Question 4

What are Behaviors?

Answer 4

• Actions that can be perceived or observed.

- Indicators of values.

Question 5

What are Values Clarification Methods?

Answer 5

Approaches that assist healthcare providers or patients to understand what they hold as important in order to identify preferences in decision making.

Question 6

Define Values Inquiry:

Answer 6

A method of examining social issues and the values that motivate human choices.

Question 7

What does resolution of conflict depend on?

Answer 7

• The perception of what conflict means.
• The meaning of resolution.
• The values underlying the resolution process.

Question 8

What are Professional Values? (In Short)

Answer 8

Values articulated through professional guidelines and codes.

Question 9

What are Laws?

Answer 9

Rules or standards of human conduct established by legislative bodies and interpreted by courts to protect the rights of citizens.

Question 10

What are Institutional Policies?

Answer 10

Guidelines developed by organizations or agencies to direct professional practice; they often reflect local, state, and federal regulations and laws.

Question 11

What is Morality?

Answer 11

The set of beliefs about the standards of right and wrong that help a person determine the correct or permissible action in a given situation.

Question 12

What are the main Principles of Healthcare Ethics?

Answer 12

• Respect for persons
• Beneficence
• Nonmaleficence
• Justice

Question 13

Define Beneficence:

Answer 13

To do or promote good to help others.

Question 14

Define Nonmaleficence:

Answer 14

To avoid doing harm, to remove from harm, and to prevent harm.

Question 15

Define Justice:

Answer 15

Making fair decisions about resource allocations for societies or groups.

Question 16

Define Veracity:

Answer 16

The obligation to be honest with patients and give accurate, unbiased, and understandable information.

Question 17

Define Fidelity:

Answer 17

Being faithful to one’s commitments or promises.

Question 18

Define Privacy:

Answer 18

The appropriate use of patient information.

Question 19

Define Confidentiality:

Answer 19

The professional duty and legal obligation to keep information about a patient private.

Question 20

Define Nursing Licensure:

Answer 20

The legal ability to practice as a nurse as defined in a regions nurse practice act.

Question 21

Define Crime:

Answer 21

A violation punishable by the state through the criminal justice system.

Question 22

Define Tort:

Answer 22

A private wrong-doing subject to action in a civil court.

Question 23

What are Intentional Torts?

Answer 23

• Assault (threat) and Battery (Physical touch against persons will)
• Defamation of character
• Fraud
• Invasion of privacy
• False imprisonment

Question 24

What are unintentional torts?

Answer 24

• Negligence

- Malpractice

Question 25

Define Malpractice:

Answer 25

Negligence performed by a licensed professional.

Question 26

What are active steps in Legal Protection?

Answer 26

• Keeping current with advances in practice
• Keeping current with changes in the local nurse practice act
• Becoming involved in development of institutional policies, protocols, and standardized nursing plans of care

Question 27

What can you do to maintain Professional Legal Protection?

Answer 27

• Maintain professional liability insurance

- Maintain appropriate, accurate, complete, and contemporaneous documentation