Exam 1 ( Chapter 3 p. 47-73, Chapter 7 A&P of pregnancy, Chapter 8, Chapter 13, Chapter 14, Chapter 15, Chapter 16, Chapter 31 p. 882-904, Chapter 32 p 934-951, chapter 33 p 962-964, Chapter 34 p 996-1000, Chapter 35 p 1020-1028) Flashcards
Early Term labor is from __ weeks through __ weeks and _ days
37 weeks, 38 weeks and 6 days
Full term labor is from __ weeks through __ weeks and _ days
39 weeks, 40 weeks and 6 days
Late term is from __ weeks through __ weeks and _ days
41 weeks, 41 weeks and 6 days
Post term labor is from __ weeks and beyond
42 weeks
Most babies are delivered in the ____ term and the ____ term
Full term, Late term
It is ___ recommended to deliver post term
NOT
Between 37 and 39 weeks, the baby goes through development of what?
Brain, Lungs, Liver
__-__cm dilated is considered Latent phase
0-3cm
__-__% effacement occurs during Latent phase
0-40%
Contractions are every _-__ minutes during Latent phase
5-30 mins
Contractions LAST about __-__seconds during Latent phase
35-45 seconds
What will discharge/bloody show look like during the Latent phase?
Scant, mucoid, and blood tinged
What station will baby be in during the Latent stage?
-3-0 station
_-_cm dilated is considered Active phase
4-7cm
__-__% effacement occurs during Active phase
40-80%
Contractions are every _-_mins during Active phase
2-5mins
Contractions LASR about __-__seconds during Active phase
45-70 seconds
What will discharge/bloody show look like during the Active phase?
Scant, mucoid, and bloody
What station will baby be in during the Active phase?
-2 to +1/+2
_-__cm dilated is considered Transitional phase
8-10cm
__-___% effacement occurs during Transitional phase
80-100%
Transitional phase lasts about __-__ minutes
20-60minutes
Contractions are every - minutes during Transitional phase
2-3mins
Contractions will last about __-__seconds during Transitional phase
45-90 seconds
What will discharge/bloody show look like during Transitional phase?
Moderate to heavy bloody show
What station will baby be in during the Transitional phase?
0 to +2/+3
The first stage of labor includes the ______, ______, and the _________ phases.
Latent, Active, Transitional
The second stage is the time from ____ _______, to the ____.
Full dilation, birth of fetus
__cm is considered the Second stage of labor
10cm
___% effacement occurs in the Second stage of labor
100%
The Second stage of labor lasts ____ to ___.
10mins to several hours
Contractions are every __ to __ mins during the Second stage
1-3mins
Contractions last for about __to__seconds in the Second stage
60-90 seconds
Bloody show during the Second stage will be ______
Increased
What station is the baby in during the Second stage?
0 to +3 to birth of baby
The Third stage of labor lasts from the _____ to the ______.
Birth of the baby to the explosion of the placenta
_____ _____ are felt during the third stage of labor
Strong contractions
What will discharge/bloody show look like during the third stage?
Gushes of blood with the placental detachment
The Fourth stage of labor is the time immediately _____ ______ to about ___hours after.
Postpartum, 4 hours
B U B B L E-E stands for….
B-Breast
U-Uterus
B-Bladder
B-Bowel
L-Lochia & Legs
E-Episiotomy/Incision
E-Emotions
DON’T FORGET ASSESSMENT FOR DVT(legs)
You would perform a BUBBLE-E assessment after which phase of labor?
After the 4th stage of labor you perform a BUBBLE-E on the mother
What are some assessments you must do on the neonate?
Observe the newborn at rest for
-Breath sounds
-Signs of Respiratory Distress
-Bowel sounds
-Temperature (axillary)
-Fontanelles/head
-Face
-Eyes
-Mouth
-Abdomen
-Extremities
-Reflexes
-Pulses
-GI (meconium, urination)
-Feeding
You must always document the _____, _____, and ____.
voids (bowel, urinary), feedings, # of diaper changes
What are signs of Respiratory distress in a neonate?
Nasal flaring, intercostals retracting, use of accessory muscles
You must assess a neonates RR for how long?
1 full minute
You must assess a neonates apical HR for how long?
1 full minute
During the 1st stage of Placental separation, it moves more _______ and is accompanied by some _____.
Central, bleeding
During the 2nd stage of Placental separation it changes from a ______ shape to a _____ shape.
Discoid, globular
During the 3rd stage of Placental separation it _____ the ______ _____.
Enters the lower uterus
During the 4th and final stage of Placental separation it _____ the ______.
Enters the vagina
In the Fourth stage of labor, you must assess the __ every __ mins for the first ____.
BP, 15 minutes, first hour
In the Fourth stage of labor, you must assess the ____ for ____ & ____ every ___ mins for the first ____.
Pulse
Rate & Regularity
15 mins
first hour
At the beginning and at the end of the recovery period, you must also assess the ______ .
Temperature
V E A L C H O P stands for…
V-Variable —–> C-Cord compression
E-Early ——-> H-Head compression
A-Acceleration—-> O-OK
L-Late ————–> P-Placenta Problems
What is a normal pulse rate for a neonate?
110-160 beats per min
What is a normal pulse for a postpartum woman?
50-90 beats per min
Where should the uterine funds be palpable 1 hour after delivery?
Level of the umbilicus
One day after delivery, where should the fundus be palpable?
Approximately 1cm (1 finger width) under the umbilicus.
When will the uterus become a pelvic organ again?
About 10-14 days after delivery
The uterus will be back to pre-pregnancy size _____ weeks after delivery
6 weeks
What is lochia?
Lochia is the normal uterine discharge after birth
What are the three types of lochia?
Rubra
Serosa
Alba
Lochia Rubra is from - days after birth and is ___ in color
1-3 days, dark red
Lochia Serosa is from __-__ days after birth and is _____ in color
4-10 days, brown/red/pink
Lochia Alba is from ___ days after birth, and is ____ in color
10+ days, yellow/white
What is a normal hemoglobin range for a newly delivered postpartum woman? _-__g/dL
6-11g/dL
What is the normal RR for a newborn?
30-60 breaths per minute
____ is how often _____ occur.
Frequency
Contractions
_____ is how long between the _____ and the ___ of a single contraction
Duration
Onset
End
______ is the peak of a contraction
Intensity
What is the WORST position for a pregnant mom to lie in?
Supine
What is the BEST position for a pregnant mom to lie in?
Left Lateral (most effective and preferred)
Or Right Lateral
What would describe a reassuring fetal monitor tracing?
Reactive to the NST
Infertility is the diagnosis given to couples who have not conceived after trying for ______ of regular unprotected intercourse when the woman is less than ____ years of age
1 year
35
Infertility is diagnosed to woman over 35 if they have been trying for ___ months and have not yet achieved pregnancy.
6 months
Pregnancy induced hypertension is the onset of hypertension ______ proteinuria after __ weeks of pregnancy
without
20 weeks
A blood pressure of ____/___ is considered hypertension
140/90 and above
Gestational diabetes occurs in the ____ part of pregnancy around the ___th week
second
24th
In gestational diabetes, mom’s glucose levels _____ and insulin resistance _____.
rise
increases
What is abruptio placenta?
Placental separation that occurs because of changes in the body’s contours as a result from the force of something else
(think car accident, etc)
What is placenta previa?
Placenta previa is when the placenta is implanted in the uterine segment in such a way that it either partially or completely covers the cervix. This causes bleeding and problems during dilation and effacement
What is an ectopic pregnancy?
When a fertilized egg implants itself outside of the uterus
What is spontaneous abortion?
A loss of pregnancy before the 20th week
Congenital anomalies occur ______ birth
before and happen during fetal development
Genetic disorders are _______
hereditary (alterations in genetic makeup)
Intrauterine growths…..
could be cause for concern of the baby in terms of growing to maximum weight/length
_______ occur when the baby is stimulated during fetal monitoring
accelerations
________ is an abrupt increase in the baseline HR
acceleration
___ more beats above baseline is acceleration
15 beats
Acceleration is a ______ sign
reassuring
Early decelerations are caused by ________
head compressions
Early decelerations cause a ____ in the FHR
drop
Early decelerations occur ____ the peak of a contraction
before
Early decelerations DO or DO NOT require interventions..
Do not. Early decelerations are a benign sign
Variable decelerations are caused by _______
cord compression
Variable decelerations cause an abrupt ______ in FHR
decrease
What are some interventions for variable deceleration? (5 things)
-Change mom’s position
-administer 8-10L oxygen via nonrebreather
-stop oxytocin
-notify physician
-assess for cord prolapse
What does it mean if there are repetitive variable decelerations?
Oxygen supply to baby is impaired which is BAD!
How would a variable deceleration be seen on a monitor?
U, V, or W shape
Late decelerations are caused by ________
Placenta problems
What interventions could you do for late decelerations? (7 things)
-Change maternal position
-Elevate mom’s legs
-Increase IVs
-Stop oxytocin
-Administer 8-10L oxygen via nonrebreather
-Consider internal monitoring
-Notify physician
How long should you EXCLUSIVELY breast feed for?
12 months
When can complementary foods be introduced?
6 months
What are the benefits of breast feeding for mom?
-Enhanced uterine involution
-Delayed resumption of ovulation
-Earlier return to pre-pregnancy weight
-Reduced risks of osteoporosis, ovarian cancer, premenopausal breast cancer, and RA
-Enhanced mother-infant attachment
-Enhanced self-esteem
What are the benefits of breast feeding for the baby?
-Natural and Optimal source for growth and development
-Decreased incidence/severity for infection
-Potential Protective effects (SIDS, allergies, adult hypertension)
-Less gastric reflux less constipation
-Potential for enhanced cognitive development
Colostrum is ____ protein, ____ calorie
HIGH protein
LOW calorie
Colostrum _____ the intestines and provides ________.
Coats
Antibodies
What does T P A L stand for?
T-Term pregnancies
P-Preterm (pregnancies that have been carried to 20 weeks)
A-Abortions
L-Living children
What does the G stand for?
Gravida
What does gravida mean?
The number of times a woman has been pregnant
What does the para mean?
How many times the mom has given birth
Cercival cancer screening is recommended in women __ to __ years every __ years
21-65years cervical
Every 3 years
Cervical cancer screening can also be done every _years in women who are __-__yrs with a pap
5 years
30-65 years old
Prostate cancer screening is ______ recommended
NOT recommended
Ovarian cancer screening is _____ recommended
NOT recommended
Colorectal screening is recommended for people __-__years old and is NOT recommended for people __-__ yrs
50-75 years old
NOT for 76-85yrs
Skin cancer screenings have ________ evidence
Insufficient evidence
Breast cancer screening should be done on women aged __-__ years old and done every __ years
50-74years
Every 2 years
Testicular cancer screenings are ____recommended
NOT recommended
Coronary heart disease screening is ____ recommended
NOT recommended
Chlamydia screening is recommended in girls aged ____ and ____ if sexually active
24 years and younger
*gonorrhea also tested with this
Depression screening is recommended for ____ adults
ALL adults
*pregnant woman especially
*need accurate diagnosis and proper follow-up
Diabetes mellitus screening should be done in persons aged ___-__ years old when they are _____ and ______
40-70yrs
obese & overweight
Obesity screening should be done in persons aged __-__years and in ___ adults
6-18 yrs
all adults
Osteoporosis screening should be done in ____ aged ___ and older, or younger women if they have hx of fractures
women aged 65+
Folic acid is recommended for ____women and they need to take ____ –____ mg daily
all women planning/able to become pregnant
0.4-0.8mg daily
Rh incompatibility must be screened at the____visit, and the Rhogam shot should be given at ____weeks for prophylaxis, if mom is _____ and baby is _____ at birth, she will get another Rhogam shot after birth.
First visit
28 weeks
Rh negative, + baby
Gestational diabetes should be screened for ___ pregnant women at ___ weeks
ALL
24 weeks
Alcohol misuse screenings should be done on all adults aged ___ and over
18+
