exam 1 chapter 1

Question 1

what is the difference between the nomativist and neutralist positions?

Answer 1

naturalist/standardized test comparison: impairment characterized as a deviation from the average level of ability achieved by a similar group of people
normativist (neutralist): impact of the language impairment on child’s overall development results in a unacceptable level of risk

Question 2

Which position (normativist or neutralist) is more ecologically valid?

Answer 2

the normativist method is more ecologigal as it is looking at the expectations of a child’s environment.

Question 3

Explain language differences as opposed to language impairments

Answer 3

language disorder: language skills deviate significantly from the norms of home community
language difference: culture impact language production or understanding

Question 4

PROS discrepancy-based criteria/cognitive referencing (how low can you go?)

Answer 4

• compare child’s performance against the average abilities of peer
• SLP can assess child’s language based on their general level of development
• guidelines to determine goals and intervention

Question 5

CONS discrepancy-based criteria/cognitive referencing (how low can you go?)

Answer 5

• Children with DL often have uneven profile of language skill and deficit
• cut offs may limit support for children who really need it
• lack of phonological or pragmatic testing

Question 6

Why is World Health Organization’s (WHO) “people first” language important?

Answer 6

They stress the importance of evaluating the impact of the disorder on everyday well-being

Question 7

According to the WHO (ICF), human functioning is expressed in body functions & structures, activities, and participation. How is that a different focus from terms such as disability, impairment, and handicap?

Answer 7

By focusing on what hinders full human functioning in a child instead of trying to find a possible disability, this method brings different and better outcomes in treating children identifying areas that are below chronological age, aids

Question 8

If the problem is neurologically based, can we do much to shape development and influence outcome?

Answer 8

Yes
environmental factor can have play an important role in mediating the developmental course of the disorder and the impact of the disorder on the child’s adaptation and well-being

Question 9

What is the current thinking about comorbidity of DLD and ASD? Language Learning Disabilities (literacy disorders)?

Answer 9

-Considerable overlap in structural language profile -comorbidity in pragmatic skills, although pragmatic skills for DLD is not as full blown as they are with children with autism.
Children with DLD may closely resemble individuals with ASD years later when structural language impairments resolve and the social demands of society increase

Question 10

What are the tenets (principle, doctrine by professional) out of which the “descriptive developmental” model for assessment/treatment grow?

Answer 10

• Role of etiology in developing assessment & intervention for children with DLD (use child’s current function to set assessment & intervention)
• There is much more important to detail the child’s language skills themselves than to have an extensive information on , auditory perceptual, or skills typically tested in “auditory processing” test batteries
• Developmental determines where the child is and what is the next phase of development

Question 11

define language disorder

Answer 11

An impairment in comprehension and/or use of a spoken, written or other symbol system. The disorder may involve the form of language (phonology,morphology & syntax), the content of language (semantics) &/or the content of language (pragmatics)