Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pediatrics > Exam 1: Ch 2, 3, 4, 6 > Flashcards

Exam 1: Ch 2, 3, 4, 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Culture

A

The pattern of assumptions, beliefs, and practices, encompassing other products of human work and thoughts specific to members of an intergenerational group, community, or population.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Child’s self concept

A

Evolves from ideas about his or her social roles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Primary groups

A

Characterized by intimate contact, mutual support; and no pressure from community.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Secondary groups

A

Have limited, intermittent contact; little mutual support; and no pressure for conformity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Does culture influence a child’s self esteem?

A

Yes!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Important subcultural influences in children include:

A

ethnicity, social class, occupation, schools, peers, biculture, and mass media.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Minority group population

A

is increasing I the US, whereas the percentage of the Caucasian population is decreasing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What plays a major role in opportunities for health promotion and wellness?

A

Socioeconomic influences.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What greatly influences health promotion beliefs in families?

A

Religious practices.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What groups of children suffer from greater physical and mental health problems?

A

Those living in poverty, those who are homeless, or those who have migrant families.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Drug response, food sensitivity, disease resistance, physical characteristics, and disease states may demonstrate what?

A

Ethnic or cultural variations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cultural beliefs related to cause of illness and maintenance of health may focus on:

A

Natural forces, supernatural forces, or imbalance of forces.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

No cultural group is homogeneous

A

Every racial and ethnic group contains great diversity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The development of cultural competences is:

A

Continual and an important concept in the nursing process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Family

A

There is no agreement about the definition of family. A family is what an individual considers it to be.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

3 theories that have significant application to pediatric nursing are:

A
  1. Family systems theory
  2. family stress theory
  3. Developmental theory
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Traditional family structure is

A

nuclear or extended

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Do family size and position within the family structure have a strong impact on a child’s development?

A

Yes!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are 2 essential areas of focus for parents?

A

Interpersonal skills and a basic understanding of childhood growth and development.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Parental control tends to be predominantly one of three types:

A

Authoritarian
Permissive
Authoritative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

3 areas of special concern to adoptive families include:

A
  1. the initial attachment process
  2. the task of telling the children they are adopted
  3. identity formation during adolescence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Children and divorce:

A

Marital factors within the home significantly influence a child’s development. The impact of divorce on a child depends on the child’s age, the outcome, and the quality of the parent-child relationship and parental care following the divorce.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Single parenting and step-parenting

A

create adjustment difficulties and add stress to the already demanding parental role. Significant numbers of children will live in a single-parent or reconstituted family at some point.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Caring for children within a community requires

A

a multidisciplinary approach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Healthy communities provide children with:

A

High-quality medical care and a nurturing, safe place to live and grow.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Community health nursing focuses on:

A

Promoting and maintaining the health of individuals, families, and groups in the community setting.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Epidemiology

A

Is the science of population health applied to the detection of morbidity and mortality in a population.

28
Q

Community health programs are based on 3 levels of intervention:

A
  1. primary
  2. secondary
  3. tertiary
29
Q

What do economic evaluations provide?

A

Objective information to establish a program’s value to society.

30
Q

What does a community needs assessment involve?

A

Collection of subjective and objective information about the community.

31
Q

Community health diagnosis

A

Is similar to a nursing diagnosis, with an identified problem and a defined cause.

32
Q

What does program planning and implementation in a community require?

A

Collaboration between the nurse and community members who are in positions to promote change.

33
Q

Evaluation of effective community programs includes:

A

Consideration of the program’s structure, process, and outcomes.

34
Q

When eliciting a family health history, nurses should collect information about all family members within a minimum of:

A

3 generations

35
Q

To effectively establish a setting for communication a nurse must:

A

make an appropriate introduction and ensure privacy and confidentiality.

36
Q

When communicating with parents, nurses need to:

A

encourage parental involvement, listen carefully, use silence, and be empathetic.

37
Q

Communication with children must:

A

reflect their developmental stage.

38
Q

Nonverbal communication with children may take the form of:

A

writing, drawing, and play.

39
Q

The objectives of performing a health history are to:

A

identify pertinent information, determine the chief complaint, analyze the present illness, secure the patient’s health history, review biologic systems, and record a family medical history and child psychosocial and sexual history.

40
Q

Family assessment is:

A

the collection of data about family composition and relationships among its members. It also focuses on home and community environment, parents’ occupation and education, and cultural and religious traditions.

41
Q

The family function interview examines:

A

interaction and roles, power, decision making, problem solving, communication, and expression of feelings and individuality.

42
Q

Growth measurements during the physical examination focus on:

A

length or height, weight, skinfold thickness, and arm and head circumference. Assessment of growth is measured against standard growth charts to determine a child’s status in comparison with other children of the same age.

43
Q

What measurements constitute the physiologic approach to assessment?

A

Temperature, pulse, respiration, and BP

44
Q

The child’s general appearance is:

A

a cumulative, subjective impression of physical appearance, state of nutrition, behavior, personality, interactions with parents and nurse, posture, development, and speech.

45
Q

Head assessment

A

inspect for shape, symmetry, mobility, and muscle control.

46
Q

Ocular assessment

A

placement and alignment, inspection of external and internal structures, and vision testing.

47
Q

Ear assessment

A

placement and alignment, external and internal structures, and auditory testing.

48
Q

Lung assessment

A

examined by inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation.

49
Q

Heart

A

Auscultation is the most important procedure for examining the heart

50
Q

Abdominal assessment

A

follows an orderly sequence of inspection, auscultation, and palpation.

51
Q

Neurologic Assessment

A

Addresses behavior, motor, sensory, and cerebellar functions, reflexes, and cranial nerves.

52
Q

Race

A

genetics and biology transmitted by being passed down.

53
Q

Ethnicity

A

an affiliation of persons who share a unique cultural, social, and linguistic heritage.

54
Q

Socialization

A

process by which children acquire beliefs, values, and behaviors of a given society in order to function within that group.

55
Q

Types of socialization

A

Primary: intimate face to face contact
Secondary: extended family

56
Q

Subcultural influences include

A 
Ethnocentrism
Ethnic stereotyping
Minority-group
Membership
Social Class
Schools
Peers cultures
Mass media
**The greatest subcultural influence among subculture influences is social class.**
57
Q

Socioeconomic Influences

A

Poverty (visible or invisible)
Homelessness
Migrant families

58
Q

Cultural Relativity

A

Any behavior must be judged in relation to the context of the culture in which is occurs.

59
Q

Family (Hanson & Boyd)

A

Family is two or more individuals who depend on one another for emotional, physical, and/or economical support. The members are self-defined.

60
Q

SBAR

A

Situation
Background (brief history)
Assessment
Recommendation

61
Q

Pediatric patient identifiers

A
  1. Address
  2. MRN
  3. SSN (very rare)
62
Q

Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST)

A

Screen only
Means of objectively measuring developmental functioning
Not indicative of intelligence or IQ

63
Q

Pediatric physical exam: Top Priority

A

Pulse and respiratory rate

64
Q

Psychosexual Developmental Theory (Freud)

A 
Oral = birth - 1yr
Anal = 1yr - 3yrs
Phallic = 3 yrs - 6 yrs
Latency = 6 yrs - 12 yrs
Genital = 12 yrs and older
65
Q

Psychosocial Developmental Theory (Erikson)

A 
Trust vs mistrust ( birth to 1 year)
Autonomy vs shame and doubt
Initiative vs guilt
industry vs inferiority
identity vs role confusion
66
Q

Cognitive developmental theory (Piaget)

A 
Assimilation and accommodation
Sensorimotor (birth - 2 years)
Preoperational (2-7 years)
Concrete operational ( 7-11 years)
Formal operational (11 years & up)
67
Q

Moral development (Kohlberg)

A

Predicts moral development but pays little attention to individual differences.
Preconventional: act morally due to punishment/consequences.
Conventional: logical. Own thoughts. Worry about happiness of others.
Postconventional : right vs wrong. Moral. Ethical.

Pediatrics (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions