Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Adult health care II > exam 1 cardiovascular > Flashcards

exam 1 cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

no underlying cause of hypertension

A

primary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

developed as a result of underlying disease

A

secondary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

clinical manifestations

A 
Head in AM 
blurred vision
nose bleeds 
edema
nocturia
lethargy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

hypertension medication

A

Thiazides
ACE inhibitors
CCB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Complications of hypertension

A 
TIA
Stroke 
Retinopathy 
Peripheral vascular disease 
Renal failure 
LVH
CHD
HF
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Post-prandial drops in BP

A

BP drops after eating
Greatest 1 hour after eating
Last up to 3-4 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Medication that can lead to loss of BP control and heart failure

A

NSAIDs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Generic designation for many different conditions involving obstructed blood flow through coronary arteries

A

Coronary artery disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Oxygen and nutrients still supplied to myocardium until blockage is

A

70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What should total cholesterol be at

A

less than 200 mg/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what should LDL be at

A

less than 100 mg/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what should HDL be at

A

60 mg/dL and above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what should triglycerides be at

A

less than 150 mg/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What percent should total calories of total fat be

A

25-35%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what percent should total calories of saturated fats be

A

less than 7%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what percent should total calories of polyunsaturated fats be

A

up to 10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what percent should total calories of monounsaturated fats be

A

up to 20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what percent should total calories of carbs be

A

50-60 %

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what percent should total calories of dietary fiber be

A

20-30%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What percent should total calories of protein be

A

15%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

how much cholesterol should you have a day

A

200mg/ day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

is chest pain or discomfort that most often occurs with activity or emotional stress

A

stable angina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

is chest pain that happens suddenly and becomes worse over time
Plaque disruption causes it

A

unstable angina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

is condition characterized by debilitating chest pain despite being on prescribed medication plan

A

intractable or refractory angina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

is a syndrome typically consisting of angina at rest that occurs in cycles

A

Varient (Prinzmetal) angina

26
Q

have objective findings suggestive of myocardial ischemia that is not associated with angina

A

Silent ischemia

27
Q

Side effects of Nitroglycerin

A

Headache
Hypotension
Tachycardia
Orthostatic hypotension

28
Q

medication used in Prinzmetal angina

A

CCB

29
Q

medication that is used if there is a history of angina

A

anti-platelet

30
Q

an umbrella term for situations where the blood supplied to the heart muscle is suddenly blocked

A

Acute Coronary Syndrome

31
Q

Pericarditis and fever within 4-6 weeks esp. after cardiac surgery
Ag-ab reaction to the necrotic myocardium
Pain fever, a friction rub, pericardial effusion, arthralgia

A

Dresslers syndrome

32
Q

caused by complete obstruction of coronary artery with fibrous clot
causes myocardial ischemia distal to clot

A

Acute myocardial infarction

33
Q

CK-MB elevation time and peak

A

3-9 hrs elevation

12-18 hrs peak

34
Q

when does serum Troponin levels rise and how long do they last

A

rises in 3 hrs

lasts 7-10 days

35
Q

serum myoglobin elevation and peak time

A

1 hr elevation

4-6 hrs peak

36
Q

when does LDH rise

A

rises in 8-24 hours

37
Q

what rises 1st week after infarct

A

ERS

38
Q

for patients with recurring symptoms to monitor heart structure and function

A

Cardiac cath

39
Q

given as standard of care within 6 hours of AMI onset if PCI not available: lysis of occluding clot

A

Thrombolytics

40
Q

Morphine sulfate drug of choice, vasodilates and decreases preload

A

analgesics

41
Q

how much morphine do you give for AMI

A

1-5 mg IVP

42
Q

how much oxygen do you give for AMI

A

2L

43
Q

how much nitro do you give for AMI

A

.4 SL

5X3

44
Q

how much ASA do you give during AMI

A

160-325mg

45
Q

how much beta blockers do you give during AMI

A

5mg IV

5-15min X3

46
Q

goal of MONA B

A

increase O2 supply and decrease O2 demand

47
Q

Decrease myocardial O2 demand by decreasing force of contraction, slowing heart rate, and slowing impulse conduction

A

Beta blockers

48
Q

ballon inserted into descending thoracic artery and inflating during diastole

A

Intraaortic ballon pump

49
Q

sheath inserted into femoral artery and cath is guided through arteries to aorta and radiopaque dye is inserted into coronary arteries

A

Coronary angioplasty

50
Q

cath with ballon inserted and positioned central to blockage then inflated to reconfigure blockage
Stent may be inserted to prevent restenosis

A

intracoronary stent

51
Q

internal mammary artery or saphenous vein grafted to coronary artery beyond the point of blockage to reestablish blood flow
Not curative since grafts can occlude

A

Coronary artery bypass Graft

52
Q

occurs if a valve doesnt close tightly

Blood leaks back into the chambers rather than flowing forward through the heart or into an artery

A

Regurgitation

53
Q

is when the flaps of the valve flop or bulge back into an upper heart chamber during a heartbeat

A

prolapse

54
Q

occurs if the flaps of a valve thicken, stiffen, or fuse together this prevents the heart valve from fully opening

A

stenosis

55
Q

common, can lead to atrial fibrillation, LLSB radiated to axilla, low pitched

A

mitral regurgitation

56
Q

high pitched, RSB best heard

Radiated up neck, sounds musical

A

aortic stenosis

57
Q

complications of mechanical valves

A

throboemboli

need to be on coumadin

58
Q

is an acute, immunologically mediated, multisystem inflammatory disease that occurs a few weeks following an episode of group A streptococcal pharyngitis

A

Rheumatic fever

59
Q

Major criteria for Rheumatic fever

JONES

A 
Joint involvement 
O looks like a heart=myocarditis 
Nodules, subcutaneous
Erythema marginatum 
Sydenham chorea
60
Q

Minor criteria

CAFE PAL

A 
CRP increased 
Arthralgia
Fever
Elevated ESR
Prolonged PR interval
Anamnesis of rheumatism 
Leukocytosis
61
Q

is inflammation fo the pericardium, the fibroserous sec that surrounds the heart
can be acute or chronic

A

Pericarditis

Adult health care II (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions