Exam 1 - Cardiomyopathy Flashcards
What is Dilated Cardiomyopathy a disease of?
Dz of heart muscle
Which is the frequent etiology of Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
Genetic
What happens to the heart chambers in Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
All 4 may enlarge
What can be impaired about the ventricles in Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
Impaired contraction
What happens to EF in Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
Reduced
What causes Chagas Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
Protozoan infection
What happens to the heart size in Chagas Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
Enlarged
EKG in Chagas Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
Non-specific EKG abnormalities
Where is an aneurysm found in Chagas Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
LV Apical Aneurysm
What type of embolism in Chagas Dilated Cardiomyopathy? Where?
Mural embolism in left or right ventricles
Dx for Chagas Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
Serologic Ig testing for T Crozi
CXR in Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
Cardiomegaly
EKG in Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
RBBB or LBBB w/non-specific ST-T abnormalities
Echo in Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
Structure and function abnormal
MRI in Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
Myocardial fibroblasts
Tx for Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
Treat HF. Implantable pacemaker . +/- defibrillator
Tx for Chagas Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
Antitripansomal drugs for acute and indeterminate. Not for chronic.
What induces Toxic Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
EtOH
Does Toxic Dilated Cardiomyopathy improve with abstinance from EtOH?
Yes
Causes of Tachycardia-induced Cardiomyopathy?
Afib w/RVR. AVNRT.
Calcium issues with Tachycardia-induced Cardiomyopathy?
Decreased calcium response
Tachycardia-induced Cardiomyopathy does what to mycardial contractions?
Decreases
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy aka?
“Broken Heart Syndrome”
Etiology of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy?
Intense psych stress
What balloons in Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy?
Left ventricle apical ballooling
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy and ST elevations?
ST elevations without CAD
Etiology of Restricted Cardiomyopathy?
- Infiltrative=amyloidosis, sarcoidosis
- enzyme mutation
- scleroderma, endomyocardial fibrosis
What happens to ventricles in Restricted Cardiomyopathy?
Stiff and rigid walls. Impaired vent filling.
Wall thickness in Restricted Cardiomyopathy?
Normal
Artial size in Restricted Cardiomyopathy?
Biatrial enlargement
Systolic and Diastolic function in Restricted Cardiomyopathy?
Normal systolic.
Diastolic dysfunction.
Etiology of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?
Genetics!
What is the most common cause of sudden death in young people?
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
What happens to teens and young adults exercising with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?
Collapse and syncopize
Pathophys of LV in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?
Significant LV outflow obstruction.
Ventricular walls in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?
Hypertrophied. Volume normal or reduced.
Murmur in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?
Harsh crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur
Murmur with Valsalve in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?
Murmur more intense
Murmur with squtting in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?
Murmur less intense
Tx for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?
Hydration. Decrease intense physical exertion. Treat arrhythmias if have. Surgery to improve LV outflow.
Etiology of ARVC?
Genetically caused
What happens to RV myocardium in ARVC?
RV replaced by fibrous or fibro-fatty tissue
RV size and function in ARVC?
RV dilation and dysfunction. Regional akinesus or dyskinesis
Dx of ARVC?
MRI
Tx for ARVC?
NO COMPETITIVE SPORTS. Implantable cardiac defibrillatory. Cardiac transplant if severe.
