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Clinical Medicine 2 > Exam 1 - Cardiomyopathy > Flashcards

Exam 1 - Cardiomyopathy Flashcards

1
Q

What is Dilated Cardiomyopathy a disease of?

A

Dz of heart muscle

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2
Q

Which is the frequent etiology of Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

A

Genetic

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3
Q

What happens to the heart chambers in Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

A

All 4 may enlarge

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4
Q

What can be impaired about the ventricles in Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

A

Impaired contraction

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5
Q

What happens to EF in Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

A

Reduced

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6
Q

What causes Chagas Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

A

Protozoan infection

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7
Q

What happens to the heart size in Chagas Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

A

Enlarged

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8
Q

EKG in Chagas Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

A

Non-specific EKG abnormalities

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9
Q

Where is an aneurysm found in Chagas Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

A

LV Apical Aneurysm

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10
Q

What type of embolism in Chagas Dilated Cardiomyopathy? Where?

A

Mural embolism in left or right ventricles

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11
Q

Dx for Chagas Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

A

Serologic Ig testing for T Crozi

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12
Q

CXR in Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

A

Cardiomegaly

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13
Q

EKG in Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

A

RBBB or LBBB w/non-specific ST-T abnormalities

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14
Q

Echo in Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

A

Structure and function abnormal

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15
Q

MRI in Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

A

Myocardial fibroblasts

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16
Q

Tx for Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

A

Treat HF. Implantable pacemaker . +/- defibrillator

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17
Q

Tx for Chagas Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

A

Antitripansomal drugs for acute and indeterminate. Not for chronic.

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18
Q

What induces Toxic Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

A

EtOH

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19
Q

Does Toxic Dilated Cardiomyopathy improve with abstinance from EtOH?

A

Yes

20
Q

Causes of Tachycardia-induced Cardiomyopathy?

A

Afib w/RVR. AVNRT.

21
Q

Calcium issues with Tachycardia-induced Cardiomyopathy?

A

Decreased calcium response

22
Q

Tachycardia-induced Cardiomyopathy does what to mycardial contractions?

A

Decreases

23
Q

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy aka?

A

“Broken Heart Syndrome”

24
Q

Etiology of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy?

A

Intense psych stress

25
Q

What balloons in Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy?

A

Left ventricle apical ballooling

26
Q

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy and ST elevations?

A

ST elevations without CAD

27
Q

Etiology of Restricted Cardiomyopathy?

A
  • Infiltrative=amyloidosis, sarcoidosis
  • enzyme mutation
  • scleroderma, endomyocardial fibrosis
28
Q

What happens to ventricles in Restricted Cardiomyopathy?

A

Stiff and rigid walls. Impaired vent filling.

29
Q

Wall thickness in Restricted Cardiomyopathy?

A

Normal

30
Q

Artial size in Restricted Cardiomyopathy?

A

Biatrial enlargement

31
Q

Systolic and Diastolic function in Restricted Cardiomyopathy?

A

Normal systolic.

Diastolic dysfunction.

32
Q

Etiology of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?

A

Genetics!

33
Q

What is the most common cause of sudden death in young people?

A

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

34
Q

What happens to teens and young adults exercising with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?

A

Collapse and syncopize

35
Q

Pathophys of LV in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?

A

Significant LV outflow obstruction.

36
Q

Ventricular walls in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?

A

Hypertrophied. Volume normal or reduced.

37
Q

Murmur in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?

A

Harsh crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur

38
Q

Murmur with Valsalve in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?

A

Murmur more intense

39
Q

Murmur with squtting in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?

A

Murmur less intense

40
Q

Tx for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?

A

Hydration. Decrease intense physical exertion. Treat arrhythmias if have. Surgery to improve LV outflow.

41
Q

Etiology of ARVC?

A

Genetically caused

42
Q

What happens to RV myocardium in ARVC?

A

RV replaced by fibrous or fibro-fatty tissue

43
Q

RV size and function in ARVC?

A

RV dilation and dysfunction. Regional akinesus or dyskinesis

44
Q

Dx of ARVC?

A

MRI

45
Q

Tx for ARVC?

A

NO COMPETITIVE SPORTS. Implantable cardiac defibrillatory. Cardiac transplant if severe.

Clinical Medicine 2 (14 decks)

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