Exam 1 Authors Flashcards
Greene et al.
Topic: colonialism
1. Trace the relationship between global health and empire, exploring how** colonial institutions exerted power over indigenous populations by adjudicating health status and care.
2. Describe how global commerce and international relations became enmeshed with global health and examine the specialized and technocratic institutions that were set up to manage public health and colonial medicine, institutions that were the predecessors of today’s global public health authorities.
3. By investigating a few key global health efforts and drawing on our framework of social theory, we reveal continuities that persist from colonial medicine and analyze the limitations of humanitarian models**, old and new, of global health
Farmer et al.
Topic: structural violence
1. It is possible to decrease the extent to which social inequalities become embodied as health disparities (can use structural interventions to address structural violence)
2. Proximal (distal really) interventions, seemingly quite remote from the practice of clinical medicine, can also lessen premature morbidity and mortality
3. Structural interventions can have an enormous impact on outcomes, even in the face of cost-effectiveness analyses and the flawed policies of international bodies
4. We need to link social analysis to clinical practice!
De Maio and Ansell
Topic: structural violence
1. Reviews the origins of structural violence as a concept and how it is used in contemporary health literature.
2. Highlights tensions in the concept: broad, atheoretical, unquantifiable
3. Connection w/ Farmer: says that Farmer uses it as an overarching explanatory concept or framework. Says this broad usage is a problem b/c “structure is called out but never defined, the perpetrator of the violence remaining obscured”
4. Strength: By naming social structures as a root cause of avoidable and unnecessary morbidity and mortality, the concept can be used as a counterweight to the belief that our current patterns of population health are natural (“as natural as the air around us”)
Rose
Topic: structural violence
1. The manifold troubles of making our collective lives in a socially unjust world are being re-coded by experts and individuals as problems of individual mental health (methodological individualism)
2. While clinical care and mental health services are indispensable, the aims of all those concerned with mental health in the time of Covid-19 should be to work with national and local politicians, policymakers, planners, architects, local groups and those who have experienced mental health services to address the roots of social suffering and structural violence.
Birn
Topic: Neoliberalism
1. How globalization affects the health of people around the world depends on who controls the flow of capital, labor, and knowledge, and who benefits and suffers
2. Unbridled economic integration has been shown to negatively affect the economies and health of many poorer countries
3. With neoliberal globalization’s onset in the 1980s, most countries have experienced a marked deterioration in public social services and an increase in wealth and income inequality
4. There are four major pathways of how neoliberal globalization affects health and health inequities (Debt and financial crises, international financial instruments, privatization, austerity; Financial liberalization, tax evasion; Trade liberalization, trade and investment agreements, and TNCs; Global reorganization of production/deregulation of worker and environmental protections
Sorensen et al.
Topic: Neoliberalism
1. The purpose of this paper is to present an expanded conceptual model, grounded in the conditions of work, to frame research that responds to these emerging trends
2. Looks at socio-political economic environment (globalization, technology. climate change, social inequalities, policy and regulatory environments), employment and labor practices (job distribution, decreasing employment stability, increasing non-standard work arrangements, declining worker protections, declining power of worker voice), enterprise (physical conditions of work, organization of work, job design, psychosocial work environment), and outcomes for workers (work-place injuries AND general health and well-being outcomes)
3. Emphasizes the importance of broad social, economic and political trends in shaping the evolution of work in order to understand how these changes affect worker safety, health, and wellbeing directly and through influencing the adoption of workplace policies, programs, and practices by employers and decision makers in organizations
Peters et al.
Topic: Neoliberalism
1. A multilevel evidence-based systems model was used in this Viewpoint to depict the diverse ways the pandemic has affected and will continue to affect work, worker health, and wellbeing
2. Levels: social–political–economic environment structures, employment and labour patterns, public policy; organizational policies, and practices; enterprises establish working conditions that contribute to worker safety, health, and wellbeing
3. The pandemic has highlighted and accelerated trends in the social, political, and economic environments that affect employment and labour patterns: accelerated job redistribution, change in consumer behaviors, increasing non-standard work arrangements, health and social disparities highlighted and widened
4. The pandemic has illuminated the interconnected path-ways between levels; highlighted the need for integrated and adaptable enterprise approaches to ensure worker safety, health, and wellbeing by improving the conditions of work through organisational policies and practices (ex: remote work could benefit or harm health, worsening mental health accelerated by pandemic)
5. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the impor-tance of specific working conditions, policies, and practices that have helped organisations and workers navigate pandemic-related challenges. These include a commitment to the physical and emotional health, wellbeing, and safety of workers; supportive and flexible supervisors and leadership; frequent and honest communication and dialogue; flexible work provisions; encouragement and support of worker engagement in both identifying and solving problems; and enhanced organisational benefits
Oni-Orisan
Topic: Metrics
1. Metrics mandated by global health funders today not only have the power to determine which interventions are successes, which are failures, which will be funded, and which will not, but they also carry the political clout to determine who will get reelected to office, who will be promoted to chief medical director of a hospital, and who will win a government contract” (85)
2. The numbers themselves are produced and performed in ways that imbue them with political efficacy. But the work they do – a result of the work done to produce them – can have real consequences for both how patients are treated and who wins elections” (99)
Farber
Topic: Metrics
1. Exploring the structural processes through which global organisations and state-level institutions craft health research agendas and collect data, and in doing so, invisibilise certain social groups and health issues from questions asked
2. Thai transgender women are largely invisibilised in data surveillance and holistic clinical health research, particularly as global and national health organisations focus on Thai transgender health largely in relation to HIV
3. Thai transgender women resist invisibilised uncertainty by mobilising through in-person and virtual social networks, creating their own anecdotal data in everyday life…Through their lived experiences and sharing of information, they answer questions not yet addressed by global organisations and national health institutions
Hoang
Topic: Neoliberalism
1. Individual agents living in the developing world actively project their nations’ place in the global imaginary through their embodied practices.
2. Sex workers reflect men clients’ different projec-tions of Vietnam’s place in the global economy through two competing technologies of embodiment: pan-Asian modernity and Third World dependency.
3. In the case of HCMC’s high-end niche market sex workers help wealthy, elite Vietnamese businessmen attract FDI from Asian investors by constructing themselves as pan-Asian modern subjects whose femininity conveys a deliberately exuberant projection of Vietnam’s new position as an emerging economic player
4. In contrast, sex workers who cater to Western expatriates and tourists employ different technologies of embodiment that are deeply embedded in discourses of Western paternalism to attract charity capital. These women project Third World dependency by embodying virtuous Third World subjects
