Exam 1 - Antihypertensives Flashcards
1
Q
Antihypertensive drug classes (4)
A
- diuretics
- sympatholytics
- vasodilators
- ACE inhibitors
2
Q
Diuretics overview
A
- reduce total sodium and water in person
- total fluid goes down
- often first line, simple way to treat high BP
- most documented in prolonging people’s lives
3
Q
Sympatholytics overview
A
- less used
- blunt the sympathetic nervous system’s effects
- affect heart b1 and a1 receptors on vessels
4
Q
Direct acting vasodilators overview
A
- work directly on the smooth muscle that regulates the vessels
5
Q
ACE inhibitors overview
A
stop angiotension II production
6
Q
Kidney receives __% of the CO
A
25%
7
Q
medulla of kidney: high or low osmolarity?
A
- very high
8
Q
___ ml/min of fluid is filtered in the kidney
A
125 ml/min
2 gal/hr
9
Q
what % of filtered volume is reabsorbed?
A
- 99%
10
Q
what is important about 99% of filtered volume being reabsorbed?
A
- if even 1% change, that’s now double the output
11
Q
resorption is driven by:
A
active transport
12
Q
water movement is driven by
A
osmotic potential
13
Q
some compounds are pumped INTO the urine via
A
active transport
14
Q
kidneys have fenestrations
A
yes
15
Q
what is the max dalton for molecules to get through bowman’s capsule basement membrane podocytes?
A
- 5,000 dalton
- AA, salt, water, small molecs, some drugs, urea all filtered through
