Exam 1 Anatomy

Question 1

Mouse – medical terms1

Answer 1

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Question 2

mouse – medical terms 2

Answer 2

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Question 3

midsagittal sections

Answer 3

Question 4

horizontal sections

Answer 4

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Question 5

coronal sections

Answer 5

Question 6

Spinal Cord Differentiation

Answer 6

Question 7

Caudaul Hindbrain

Answer 7

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Question 8

Rostral Hindbrain

Answer 8

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Question 9

Midbrain Structure-Function Relationships

Answer 9

–Tectum à Superior colliculus (receives sensory info from eye), inferior colliculus (receives sensory info from ear)

Question 10

–Tegmentum

Answer 10

•Substantia nigra (black substance) and red nucleus – control voluntary movement

Question 11

MidBrain Diff.

Answer 11

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Question 12

•Midbrain Structure-Function Relationships

Answer 12

–Contains axons descending from cortex to brain stem and spinal cord

•e.g., Corticospinal tract

–Information conduit from spinal cord to forebrain and vice versa, sensory systems, control of movements

Question 13

•Forebrain Structure-Function Relationships

Answer 13

–Cerebral cortex

• Analyze sensory input and command motor output

–Thalamus: Gateway of the cortex

Question 14

Stick/Ball Model

Answer 14

Question 15

•Forebrain Structure-Function Relationships (Cont’d)

Answer 15

–Axons from thalamus to cortex pass through the internal capsule

–Carry information from contralateral side of the body

–Axons from cortex to thalamus also pass through internal capsule

–Hypothalamus

• Control of visceral nervous system

Question 16

•Differentiation of the Telencephalon and Diencephalon

Answer 16

–Telencephalon : Cerebral hemispheres, olfactory bulbs, basal telencephalon

–Diencephalon: Thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 17

White matter Systems

Answer 17

Question 18

Rat=Human

Answer 18

Question 19

•Special Features of the Human CNS

Answer 19

–Similarities in rat and human brain

•Basic arrangement of various structures

–Differences

• Convolutions on human cerebrum surface called sulci and gyri
• Size of olfactory bulb
• Growth of cerebral hemisphere: Temporal, frontal, parietal, occipital

Question 20

Human Lobes

Answer 20

Question 21

Ventricles

Answer 21

Question 22

Answer 22

Question 23

Insula

Answer 23

Question 24

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Question 25

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Question 26

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Question 27

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Question 28

Answer 28

Question 29

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Question 30

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Question 31

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Question 32

Answer 32

Question 33

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Question 34

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Question 35

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Question 36

•Types of Cerebral Cortex

–Common Features

Answer 36

• Cell bodies in layers or sheets
• Surface layer separated from pia mater, layer I
• Apical dendrites form multiple branches

Question 37

•Neocortical Evolution and Structure-Function Relationships

Answer 37

–Cortex amount has changed, not structure

–Leah Krubitzer: Primary sensory areas, secondary sensory areas, motor areas

–Jon Kaas: Expansion of secondary sensory areas

Question 38

•Hindbrain Structure-Function Relationships

Answer 38

–Cerebellum: Movement control

–Pons: Switchboard connecting cerebral cortex to cerebellum

–Cochlear Nuclei: Project axons to different structures (e.g., inferior colliculus)

–Decussation: Crossing of axons from one side to the other