Exam 1

Question 1

What plant has the most money been spent on to control?

Answer 1

Honey mesquite

Question 2

What effects what plants animals choose to eat?

Answer 2

Need, availability / associated plants, water content, secondary chemicals, taste, accessibility, digestibility, nutrient content, texture, nutrient content, stage of growth, plant part, learned behavior

Question 3

How many kg of dry forage does a cow need each day?

Answer 3

13

Question 4

How many kg dry forage does a sheep need in a day?

Answer 4

2.6

Question 5

Compare sheep and cow grazing strategies

Answer 5

sheep have faster pass-through than cows
sheep are more selective, have a narrow mouth and can eat plants to the ground. Cows are generalists, wrapping their tongue around forage and breaking it off

Question 6

What is the #1 killer of mountain range cattle?

Answer 6

Tall larkspur

Question 7

What is the #1 killer of sheep?

Answer 7

halogeton

Question 8

What % crude protein content is required for ruminants and why?

Answer 8

7%, because that is the minimum required for their rumen to function properly

Question 9

What kind of plant textures deter animals?

Answer 9

awns, spines, stickers and hairs

Question 10

Described learned behavior in animals

Answer 10

Young animals learn to eat from what their parents eat

Question 11

What’s the difference between browsers and grazers?

Answer 11

Browsers will select for browse (forbs and shrubs), grazers select for grasses

Question 12

What abiotic factors effect plant growth?

Answer 12

Water, temperature, soil, light and wind

Question 13

What qualities of water effect plant growth?

Answer 13

amount, seasonality, intensity

Question 14

What qualities of temperature effect plant growth?

Answer 14

Average temperature, range (extremes)

Question 15

what qualities of soil effect plant growth?

Answer 15

○ Structure
		○ Nutrient availability
		○ Depth
		○ Salinity
		○ pH
		○ Rockiness
Topography

Question 16

what qualities of topography effect plant growth?

Answer 16

aspect, exposure, drainage

Question 17

what qualities of light effect plant growth?

Answer 17

amount, intensity, duration

Question 18

what qualities of wind effect plant growth?

Answer 18

relative humidity, potential for evaporation, soil erosion

Question 19

Mojave desert facts

Answer 19

• Hottest desert
  
  • Death valley
    ○ Lowest, driest, hottest desert
  • Home of the Joshua tree
    ○ And creosote bush
  • Has not traditionally supported fire
    Blackbrush very common
    Found in UT, California, Nevada, AZ

Question 20

Sonoran desert facts

Answer 20

• Intermediate precipitation and heat
  
  • Most well-developed cacti
  • Creosote bush also present

AZ, California, Mexico

Question 21

Chihuahuan desert facts

Answer 21

• Highest desert
  
  • Most productive (grazeland)
  • Most rainfall
  • Lowest temp
  • Honey mesquite most problematic weed
    NM, TX, MEX

Question 22

Name the five plant indices

Answer 22

Life form, season of growth, origin, response to grazing, forage value

Question 23

Name the different plant life forms

Answer 23

grasses, forbs, trees/shrubs, annual / perennial

Question 24

what are the three possible seasons of growth?

Answer 24

Warm season, cool season, evergreen

Question 25

What are the three responses to grazing?

Answer 25

increasers, decreasers, invaders

Question 26

Name some of the different uses for grass

Answer 26

• Food
  
  • Fuel
  • Landscaping (turf)
  • Erosion control
  • Construction (bamboo)
  • Grazing
  • Carbon sequestration
  • Wildlife habitat

Question 27

California Chaparral climate

Answer 27

Hot, dry summers and rainy, mild winters. 12-40 inches annual
precipitation, which increases with elevation.
Burns a lot. Hard, waxy evergreen leaves

Question 28

California annual grassland vegetation

Answer 28

Once dominated by native bunchgrasses like a mixed-grass prairie. Principally Stipa species. Natives eliminated by plowing, grazing,
and fires. Today it has introduced annual grasses such as Bromus,
Festucas, and Hordeums.
burns a lot

Question 29

Riparian and wetlands characteristics

Answer 29

Found throughout the US wherever water is found.
Many invasives aided through water dispersal.
Can no longer cultivate without creating new wetland
Although covers a small area, it is an extremely important area for ecological health, soil erosion, etc