Exam 1 Flashcards
Assault
An act resulting in a person’s genuine fear and apprehension that he or she will be touched without consent
Battery
The touching of another person without consent
Beneficence
An ethical principle that refers to one’s duty to benefit or promote the good of others
Christian Ethics
“Golden Rule”
- all decisions about right and wrong should be centered in love for God and in treating others with the same respect and dignity with which we would expect to be treated.
Torts
A violation of a civil law in which an individual has been wronged
Common Law
Law that is derived from decisions made in previous cases
Libel
Writing false and malicious information about a person
Ethical Egoism
- What is right and good is what is best for the individual making the decision
False Imprisionment
The deliberate and unauthorized confinement of a person within fixed limits by the use of threat or force
Malpractice
The failure of a professional to perform or to refrain from performing in a manner in which a reputable member within the profession would be expected to do
Natural Law
The theory on which decisions are based in which evil acts are never condoned, even if they are intended to advance the noblest of ends
Nonmaleficence
Abstaining from negative acts toward another, including acting carefully to avoid harm
Slander
Verbalizing false and malicious information about a person
Statutory Law
Law that has been enacted by legislative bodies
Civil Law
Law that protects the private and property rights of individuals and businesses
Criminal Law
Provides protection from conduct deemed injurious to the public welfare
Culture
A society’s way of living that is passed down from generation to generation
Ethnicity
Identification with a group because of a shared heritage
Stereotyping
Assuming that all individuals who share a culture or ethnic group are the same
Folk Medicine
Health care provided by a member of the cultural group
Shaman
The Native American ‘medicine man” or folk healer
Yin and Yang
A concept of folk medicine beliefs in the Asian American culture
Curandero
A folk healer in the Latino American cultureq
Acculturation
Internalizing the attitudes and beliefs of another cultural group
Density and distance
Concepts of space that influence communication
Social organization
The major groups in which an individual becomes acculturated
Displacement
Transference of feelings from one target to another that is considered less threatening or neutral
Undonig
Symbolic negation or cancellation of a previous action or experience that one finds intolerable
Isolation
Separating a thought or a memory from the feeling, tone, or emotions associated with it
Denial
Refusal to acknowledge the existence of a real situation or the feelings associated with it
Introjection
Internalization of the beliefs and values of another individual, which symbolically become a part of the self, to the extent that the feeling of separateness or distinctness is lost
Indentification
An attempt to increase self-worth by acquiring certain attributes and characteristics of an individual one admires
Regression
A retreat to an earlier level of development and the comfort measures associated with that level of functioning
Compensation
the act of covering up a real or perceived weakness by emphasizing a trait one considers more desirable
Repression
The involuntary blockage of unpleasant feelings and experiences from one’s awareness
Projection
The attribution to another person of feelings or impulses that are unacceptable to one’s self
Suppression
The voluntary blockage of unpleasant feelings and experiences from one’s awareness
Rationalization
The attempt to make excuses or formulate logical reasons to justify unacceptable feelings or behaviors
Levels of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
- Physiological needs
- Safety needs
- Love and Belonging
- Esteem
- Self-actualization
This is known as the emotional brain
Limbic System
What is the fx of the frontal lobe?
voluntary movement
What is the fx of the parietal lobe?
Perception and interpretation of sensory information
What is the fx of the temporal lobe?
Hearing, short-term memory, and sense of smell
What is the fx of the occipital lobe?
visual reception and interpretation
What is the result of increased and decreased levels of norepinephrine?
Decreased: depression
Increased: mania, anxiety, schizophrenia
What is the result of increased and decreased levels of dopamine?
Decreased: PD, depression, tourettes, ADHD
Increased: mania, schizophrenia, addictions
What is the result of increased and decreased levels of serotonin?
Decreased: depression, anxiety
Increased: anxiety
What is the fx of norepinephrine?
mood, cognition, perception, locomotion, cardiovascular fx, and sleep/arousal
What is the fx of dopamine?
movement/coordination, emotions, voluntary judgement, release of prolactin
What is the fx of serotonin?
sleep/arousal, libido, appetite, mood, aggression, pain perception, coordination, judgement
Signs/symptoms of serotonin syndrome
tachy, HTN, dilated pupils, twitching muscles, sweating, diarrhea, HA, high fever, seizure/coma/death
Transference vs Countertransference
Transference: The client reacts to the therapist as he did to an earlier significant other. Projects irrational feelings and attitudes from the past onto people in the present
Countertransference: Unconscious attitudes that a therapist or a nurse develops towards a client in response to a clients behavior that may interfere with objectivity
Purpose of Yalom’s Curative Factors
The recognition of shared experiences and feelings among group members and that these may be widespread or universal human concerns, serves to remove a group member’s sense of isolation, validate their experiences, and raise self-esteem
Signs that someone is angry
Clenching, HA, stomach ache, tahcy, sweating, feeling hot, shaking, dizzy
Reasons why people stay with abuser
Fear, believing abuse is normal, fear of being outed, embarrassment/shame, low self-esteem, love, cultural/religious reasons, language barrier, lack of money/resources, disability
Tips for caring for those with an intellectual disability
- make them comfortable
- have someone familiar present
- use “comforters”
- find quiet spots
- est. positive relationship
- use simple words
- speak slowly
- don’t shout
- pause
- be sensitive
- use visuals/gestures
- provide praise
- set limits on inappropriate behavior
Preinteraction phase
involves preparation for the first encounter with the pt:
- obtain info
- examine feelings
Orientation phase
Nurse and pt become acquainted:
- create environment for est
- details expectations and responsibilities of nurse and pt
- gather assessment info
- formulate nursing diagnosis
- set goals and action plan
Working Phase
Therapeutic work of the relationship is accomplished during this phase:
- maintaining trust
- problem-solving
- overcoming resistance as anxiety rises
- evaluate progress toward goal
Termination phase
termination of relationship occurs b/c of various reasons:
- progress has been made
- plan for continuing care
- recognize/ explore feelings about termination
