Exam 1 Flashcards
Moore’s Law
perception that the number of transistors on a microchip doubles every two years, though the cost of computers is halved
Information system
to collect, process, store, and distribute information
Computer information system
systems that rely on computer hardware and software technology to collect, process, store and distribute didactical resources.
Abstract reasoning
fluid intelligence: our ability to quickly reason with information to solve new, unfamiliar problems, independent of any prior knowledge.
Systems thinking
holistic approach to analysis that focuses on the way that a system’s constituent parts interrelate and how systems work over time and within the context of larger systems.
Hierarchy of knowledge
Wisdom Intelligence Knowledge Information Data
Attributes of good information
Accessible Accurate Believable Complete Concise Consistently Represented Secure Timely
Hierarchy of data
Database Table Record Field Character Byte Bit
Field
holds a single fact or attribute of an entity.
Record
is a collection of related fields.
Database Management System
software package designed to define, manipulate, retrieve and manage data in a database.
Database processing
process of performing specific operations on a set of data or a database
Data dictionary
is a collection of names, definitions, and attributes about data elements that are being used or captured in a database, information system, or part of a research project.
SSD
a storage device containing nonvolatile flash memory, used in place of a hard disk because of its much greater speed.
RAM
is the super-fast and temporary data storage space that a computer needs to access right now or in the next few moments.
Network interface card
is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer network
NIC
piece of computer hardware, used for connecting a computer to a network, either through cables or wirelessly
Packet switching
a mode of data transmission in which a message is broken into a number of parts which are sent independently, over whatever route is optimum for each packet, and reassembled at the destination.
VPN
an arrangement whereby a secure, apparently private network is achieved using encryption over a public network, typically the internet.