Exam 1 Flashcards
Pre-Columbian Era
Who: Indigenous people
Where: the Americas
What: A period subdivision in history of the Americas.
When: Before significant years – 1492
this was before Christopher Columbus .
Why: It denotes the entire history of indigenous American cultures until those cultures were extinguished .
Settler Colonialism
17th and 18th Century
It was basically the start of America. Ingenuous people were the ones involved. Happened in America and England. It differed from Spain’s colonialism. If you were Indians, they were pushing you out. You didn’t live there.
Quakers
When: 1760s
Who: A protestant religious group.
Where: England.
What: They considered themselves to be the true Christian Church.
Why: They challenged political and social order
Three Sisters
Corn, beans, and squashes
Discovered between 4200 – 5200 BC.
Can be used as a trade tool
Cuts down on hunting, feeds more people, population grows, and social interaction.
Farmers were the women. They owned the crops. Gave them political power. They were in charge of half the cities food.
It takes place in Moscow.
Jamestown
When:1607
Who: Indians and colonists.
Where: Jamestown, VA
What: the colonist the land arrived to. It was the only land available. It was also easy to reach by sea.
Why: It was the first successful colony and paved the way for more successful colonies.
Stono Rebellion
When: 1730s
Who: Slaves and the colony of South Carolina
Where: Colony of South Carolina
What: There were more slaves being brought into South Carolina and they had stricter controls over the slaves.
Why: It is the largest slave rebellion that happened and changed the face of slavery
La Reconquista
Holy War – 790 – 1492
Catholic Spanish vs. Muslim Moors
Leg to a large military class.
Iberian Peninsula
Establishes a state that is close to Catholicism and leads to large military class.
Upon conquest, King & Queen grant the land of La Reconquista to the people who lived there.
Puritans
When: 1620s
Where: New England
Who: Protestants
What: Protestants who sought to purify the Church of Roman Catholics.
Why: they influenced America and made a virtue of qualities.
Covenant Chain
When: 1677 Who: Iroquois confederacy and British colonies Where: New York What: A series of alliances and treaties Why: it produced 80 years of peace
Protestant Reformation
1517
Wars of Religion (1524-1648) – 8 million deaths
Significant because it interrupts European order.
In 1500, all were Catholics. In 1521, MLK refuses to back down. Reformation started in Germany but spread. Political revolts, great power conflicts also caused war.
England ruled by Elizabeth the first. 1534, Henry 8th established church of England. England was weak because of its civil war. Spain is Roman Catholic.
Plymouth
When: 1620s Who: Pilgrims Where: Massachusetts British Colony What: First settlement in New England. Why: First settlement which led to many more.
Triangular Trade
What: Merchants traded among 3 regions. Each “leg” was profitable
When: Late 16th – Early 19th Centuries
Who: Europe - Africa
Africa – Americas
Americas – Europe
Where: Europe, Africa, and America
Why: Provided increasing wealth to the Mother country.
Christopher Columbus
A colonist
Discovered America in 1492
Thought the world was 10,000 miles smaller than it actually is. He negotiated with Spanish for two years. Ferdinand and Isabella gave him his money. He had 4 voyages. He also found gold. Always thought his discovery was a part of Asia.
Pequot War
When: 1630s.
Where: New England.
Who: It was between the Pequot tribe and an alliance of colonists of the Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, and Saybrook colonies.
What: The war started because there was a struggle to control trade.
Why: It made the English more powerful than the Dutches.
Middle Passage
When: 16th - 19th centuries
Who: Africans and the Triangular slave trade
Where: All 3 triangular trade regions
What: transportation of the African slaves to the New World.
Why: 3 million - 4 million slaves died on board.
Ecomienda
1510-1543
land was granted by the crown. Indians received conversion to Christianity.
Spain’s American and Philippine colonies .
Muslim and Jews .
King Phillip’s War
When: 1675-1676
Where: Massachusetts
Who: English colonists and Native American Tribes
What: Fought because the English wanted more land and were doing they could to get it.
Why: New England colonists faced a war without help from England.
Bacon’s Rebellion
When: 1676
Who: Nathaniel Bacon, Governor William Berkeley, Indian Tribes, Frontier Virginians
Where: Virginia
What: Rebellion against Governor Berkeley
Why: Demonstrates the rising tensions between the colonist and the English administration.
Columbian Exchange
15th and 16th century
Plants, ideas, animals, technology, and people.
Also known as globalization
It permanently changes the land. Diseases weren’t transported intentionally. Lots of people die.
Americas, West Africa, and the Old World.
Restoration colonies
When: Late 1600s.
Where: Carolina Province
Who: North Carolina – South Carolina – Georgia
What: North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia were the English colonies that flourished after the civil war.
Why: Rice, indigo, and slaves make this the wealthiest colony.
Consumer Revolution
When: 17th and 18th centuries
Who: England, French, & English colonies
Where: England
What: expansions of trades and markets
Why: They had “luxury” goods from different economic and social backgrounds.
Mercantilism
16th to 18th centuries
Mother country that keeps profit.
Mother country got manufactured goods. Significant because it leads to rivalry, trade regulation benefit the merchants.
Mercantilism is a practice of trade between the mother country and the European states and colonies .
Yamasee War
When: 1715 – 1717
Who: American settlers from the Province of Carolina and various Indian tribes
Where: South Carolina
What: fur trade caused the war
Why: Indians lost power and challenged European dominance.
