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INSY-2303 | Fall 2019 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

AAC

A

(Advanced Audio Coding)
A file format that provides highly compressed audio files with very little loss of sound quality and is promoted by Apple on its iTunes Web site

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2
Q

ARPANET

A

(Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) One of the first packet switching computer networks using TCP/IP, and the prototype for the Internet.

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3
Q

ASCII

A

(American Standard Code for Information Interchange) A code that represents characters as a series of 1s and 0s. Most computers use ASCII code to represent text, making it possible to transfer data between computers.

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4
Q

Bandwidth

A

The data transmission capacity of a communications channel. Digital signals are measured in bits per second;

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5
Q

BMP

A

(Bitmap) The native bitmap graphics file format of Microsoft Windows.

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6
Q

Broadband

A

ability to reach a certain speed on the internet.

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7
Q

CISC

A

(complex instruction set computer) A general-purpose microprocessor chip designed to handle a wider array of instructions than a RISC chip.

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8
Q

Compression Types

A

lossless and lossy.

(Lossless compression) provides a way to compress data and reconstitute it into its original state.

(Lossy compression) throws away some of the original data during the compression process.

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9
Q

core

A

part of a CPU that receives instructions and performs calculations, or actions, based on those instructions

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10
Q

Data Bus

A

connector or set of wires, that provides transportation for data

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11
Q

Device Driver

A

A type of system software that provides the computer with the means to control a peripheral device

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12
Q

DNS spoofing

A

A malicious attack on the domain name system in which the IP address corresponding to a Web site is changed in order to redirect users to different locations.

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13
Q

Dynamic Address

A

temporarily assigned IP addresses usually provided by an ISP

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14
Q

Form Factor

A

the size and/or arrangement of a device

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15
Q

GIF

A

(Graphic Interchange Format)

A bitmap graphics file format, popularized by CompuServe, for use on the Web.

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16
Q

Handshake

A

A process where a protocol helps two network devices communicate.

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17
Q

IPv4 and IPv6

A

IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4)
Internet addresses that are 32-bit IP addresses.
IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6)
Internet addresses that are 128-bit IP addresses.

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18
Q

JPEG

A

(Joint Photographic Experts Group)

A format that uses lossy compression to store bitmap images. JPEG files have a .jpg extension.

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19
Q

LAN

A

LAN (local area network)
An interconnected group of computers and peripherals located within a relatively limited area, such as a building or campus.

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20
Q

Laser Printer

A

A printer that uses laser-based technology, similar to that used by photocopiers, to produce text and graphics.

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21
Q

LCD

A

(Liquid Crystal Display)

Technology used for flat panel computer screens typically found on laptop computers.

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22
Q

LED

A

(Light Emitting Diode)

Either a display technology that uses LEDs to produce an image on the screen, or one that uses LEDs as backlighting.

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23
Q

MAC address

A

A unique identifier similar to a serial number assigned to networking equipment at the time of manufacture.

24
Q

Machine Language

A

A low-level language written in binary code that the computer can execute directly.

25
Magnetic Storage
Magnetic storage is the manipulation of magnetic fields on a medium in order to record audio, video or other data. floppy drive.
26
MAN
(metropolic area network) | used by schools and companies
27
Microprocessor Clock
A timing signal that sets the pace for executing instructions in a microprocessor.
28
MIDI
(Musical Instrument Digital Interface) digitized speech. A standardized way in which sound and music are encoded and transmitted between digital devices that play music.
29
MPEG
(Moving Picture Experts Group). | A family of highly compressed container file formats and codecs for digital multimedia; MPEG-1, MPEG-2, and MPEG-4.
30
Network Topology
structure/layout of networks. | (1) Point to Point (2) Star- common (3) bus (4) ring (5) mesh (6) hybrid (7) tree
31
Niche Device
lit of devices such as fitness trackers, cameras, and handheld GPSs, are dedicated to specific tasks. Other devices perform a wider variety of tasks.
32
Operating System
The software that controls the computer's use of its hardware resources, such as memory and disk storage space. Also called an OS.
33
Optical Storage
electronic storage medium that uses low-power laser beams to record and retrieve digital (binary) data onto a CD, DVD, or other optical media.
34
Packet
A small unit of data transmitted over a network.
35
PAN
PAN (personal area network) | An interconnected group of personal digital devices located within a range of about 30 feet.
36
Pixelization
Describes the effect of increasing the size of an image until smooth edges become jagged.
37
PNG
(Portable network Graphics) | A type of graphics file format similar to but newer than GIF and JPEG.
38
RAM
(Random Access Memory) | Computer memory circuitry that holds data, program instructions, and the operating system while the computer is on.
39
RAW
collection of unprocessed data. This means the file has not been altered, compressed, or manipulated in any way by the computer
40
RFID
(Radio Frequency identification) | A short-range wireless network technology commonly used to track products containing RFID tags.
41
ROM
(Read only memory) Refers to one or more integrated circuits that contain permanent instructions that the computer uses during the boot process.
42
Sampling Rate
The number of times per second a sound is measured during the recording process.
43
Server
A computer or software on a network that supplies the network with data and storage
44
Solid State Drive
A data storage device that utilizes erasable, rewritable circuitry.
45
System Unit
The case or box that contains the computer's power supply, storage devices, main circuit board, processor, and memory.
46
TCP
(Transmission Control Protocol) The protocol within TCP/ IP that is responsible for establishing a data connection between two hosts and breaking data into packets.
47
TIFF
(Tagged Image File Format) | a bitmap image file format with the .tif extension that automatically compresses the file data.
48
Top-Level Domain
A major domain category into which groups of computers on the Internet are divided, such as com, edu, gov, int, mil, net, and org.
49
Vector Graphic
An image generated from descriptions that specify the position, length, and direction in which lines and shapes are drawn.
50
Virtual Memory
A computer's use of hard disk storage to simulate RAM.
51
WAN
WAN (wide area network) An interconnected group of computers and peripherals that covers a large geographical area, such as multiple branches of a corporation.
52
WAV
(Waveform Audio File) | An audio file format with the .wav extension that was Windows original "native" sound format.
53
WEP
WEP (wired equivalent privacy) | An encryption algorithm used to protect data on Wi-Fi networks.
54
WMA
(Windows Media Audio) A file format with the .wma extension that is promoted by Microsoft and provides highly compressed audio files with very little loss of sound quality.
55
Word Size
the number of bits that a CPU can manipulate at one time, which is dependent on the size of the registers in the CPU and the number of data lines in the bus
56
Bonus: Internet
network of networks
57
Bonus: WWW
(world wide web) | database

INSY-2303 | Fall 2019 (4 decks)

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