Exam 1 Flashcards
According to Diogenes Laërtius: The Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers Book VI: The Cynics: Life of Antisthenes he [Antisthenes] stated “that those who wish to be immortal ought to live [how]?”
Piously; justly
According to Antisthenes “the wise man will be guided in his public acts not by [what] but by the [what]?”
The established laws; law of virtue
According to Diogenes Laërtius: The Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers Book VI: The Cynics: Life of Antisthenes he [Antisthenes] stated “the wise man alone knew what…?”
Objects deserved love
According To Antisthenes virtue is all but what?
Conformity
According to Diogenes Laërtius: The Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers Book VI: The Cynics: Life of Antisthenes he [Antisthenes] stated “one should attend to one’s [what], for they are the first persons to detect one’s errors?”
Enemies
According to Diogenes Laërtius: The Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers Book VI: The Cynics: Life of Antisthenes he [Antisthenes] stated “[what] is the same in a man as in a woman?”
Virtue
According to Xenophanes (c. 580-485 B.C.) what is his concept of God?
There is only One God - “The one and the all” who “is not in form like unto mortals” who “sees all over, thinks all over, and hears all over,” who “without toil [sways] all things by the thought of his mind,” who “[resides] ever in the self-same place, moving not at all.”
According to Heraclitus: Soul is Fire (Fragments) “to souls it is death to become [what], to water death to become [what], but from earth water is born, and from water soul.”
Water: Earth
According to Parmenides (c. 504-456 B.C.) what term would best describe his universal principle of the cosmos?
Changelessness
According to Anaximander (Fragments) “the moon appears to be waxing and waning by turns according to whether the passages are being blocked or opened - The circle of the sun is twenty-seven times that of the earth; that of the moon eighteen times - The [what] is the highest body and the lowest are the circles of [what]?”
Sun: Fixed stars
According to Protagoras (c. 480-410 B.C.) upon what does “human survival” depend?
Mutual cooperation in society
According to Leucippus (c. 460 B.C.) & Democritus (c. 460-360 B.C.) what are know to be “small tiny absolutely hard and completely solid bodies that cannot be physically divided” which is the basis for their cosmic system?
Atome
According to Anaximenes (Fragments) “the heavenly bodies came to be from [what] because of the moisture arising from it?”
Earth
Within the thought of Zeno of Elea (c. 490-430 B.C.) who and what is he attempting to support?
Parmenides: Changelessness
According to Anaxagoras’ (c. 500-428 B.C.) Fragments what “is the cause of all motion?”
Nous
According to Heraclitus (c. 540-480 B.C.) what term would best describe his universal principle of the cosmos?
Flux
According to Thales (Fragments) Hippolytus states “[he] is said to have been the first to pursue natural philosophy - he said the beginning and ending of the world was [what]… And this is [what], which has neither beginning nor end?”
Water: God
According to Anaximenes (c. 585-525 B.C.) what is his universal principle of the monistic cosmos?
Air
According to Heraclitus (c. 540-480 B.C.) which is not a principle of his philosophical system?
Nous
According to Leucippus & Democritus: Human Perception (Fragments) “by convention… there is sweet, by convention bitter, by convention hot, by convention cold; by convention color; but in reality” [there is what]?
Atoms and void
What is not a thought of Empedocles (c. 490-435 B.C.)?
All Eternity - four different kinds of Substance have existed - Earth, Aether, Fire & Water.
According to Thales (c. 625-545 B.C.) what is his universal principle of the monistic cosmos?
Water
According to Pythagoras (c. 578-510 B.C.) all things within the cosmos can be delineated by what term?
Numbers
According to Parmenides: The Way of Truth (Fragments) “[i] what-is is ungenerated and imperishable, [ii] a whole of one kind, [iii] unperturbed and [iv] complete… for mighty Necessity holds it in the bounds of a limit, which confines it round about… Yet since there is a final limit, it is complete, in every direction.” What geometric shape best describes of what Parmenides speaks?
Sphere
According to Anaximander (c. 610-547 B.C.) what is his universal principle of the monistic cosmos?
Aperion
According to Plato’s Phaedrus what is not as component of oratory?
He should not use sensational effects
According to Plato what leads to the concept “Evil?”
Ignorance
According to Plato’s Phaedrus Socrates states “[What] is the art of enchanting the soul, and therefore he who would be [what] has to learn the differences of [what]?”
Oratory; an orator; human souls
In Plato’s The Apology what is not a sentence suggested by Socrates after his conviction?
I deserve to suffer any evil as a penalty
In Plato’s dialogue The Crito why does Socrates not escape prison?
An evil for an evil is an unjust trade
In Plato=s dialogue Apology Socrates gives his reason for inquiring of so many people about many different things… what is his main reason?
The Oracle at Delphi and the god Apollo
What is not a portion of the “Socratic Method” of inquiry?
Material dialectic
According to Plato’s Philebus Socrates states “the one and many become identified by [what]?”
Thought
According to Plato’s Meno “the soul, then, as being [what], and having been [what], and having seen all things that exist, whether in this world or in the world below, has [what]?”
Immortal; born again many times; knowledge of them all
In Plato’s Euthyphro what “distinction fundamental in reasoning” does Socrates make - although Socrates and Euthyphro did not fully define the holy?
Gods approve things or actions because they are good
According to Plato what is it the “true philosopher” is seeking?
Wisdom
In Platos dialogue Phaedo Socrates discusses the Asoul,@ the Agods, and Asuicide. Socrates does not approve committing suicide – therefore with what reason would he disagree to commit the act?
Our situations drive us to our actions
In Plato’s Euthyphro Socrates states the way to begin “political activity aright.” What is it?
Pay attention to the young - make them as good as possible
In Plato’s Meno what is not stated about the “human soul” by Socrates?
It is a perfect form
According to Plato what is the essence of all “things?”
Forms
In Plato=s dialogue Apology Socrates states “I thought that I was really too honest a man to preserve my life if I engaged in these affairs” — what is not one named by Socrates?
Philosophical inquiry
According to Plato’s Laws “before [what] the immortal Gods have placed the sweat of [what], and long and steep is the way tither, and rugged at first; but when you have reached the top, although difficult before, it is then easy.”
Virtue; labour
According to Plato’s Phaedo “any man should [not] have confidence for his own soul… awaiting the journey he will make to Hades” if he has done what?
If the man acted with temperance towards no beings
According to Socrates what is intrinsically and extrinsically “far more valuable than opinion?”
Knowledge
In Plato’s Euthyphro what charge is leveled against Socrates and expanded in The Apology?
Corrupting the Youth
According to Plato what individual is best “fit to rule?”
The Philosopher who has found “True Knowledge”
According to Plato’s Philebus the dialogue concerns the competing arguments by Socrates of [what] and by Philebus (via Protarchus) of [what] in an attempt to find [what]?
Wisdom; pleasure; truth
According to Socrates how are moral conventions (e.g. right vs. wrong, etc.) to be set?
Men within a society
According to Plato’s Laws what is not a quality of the tyrant?
A non-virtuous nature
According to Plato’s Phaedo what is the soul “most similar to?”
Constant in relation to itself
