Exam 1

Question 1

Which of the following organelles is one of the main energy transformers of cells?

Answer 1

mitochondria

Question 2

If you ran 15 miles, how many kilometers would that be? (1 km = 0.62)

Answer 2

24.2

Question 3

Which of the following molecules contains both an amino group and a carboxyl group?

Answer 3

Amino acid

Question 4

Passive transport usually moves molecules

Answer 4

in a direction that tends to bring about equilibrium

Question 5

In addition to Bacteria, which other Doman of life is composed exclusively of prokaryotic organisms?

Answer 5

Archea

Question 6

Proteins do not perform

Answer 6

Storage of hereditary information

Question 7

Carboxyl group has the chemical formula

Answer 7

-COOH

Question 8

Biologiocal membranes in a cell do not

Answer 8

compartmentalize prokaryotic cells

Question 9

Hieracrchical organization on most inclusive to least

Answer 9

Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species

Question 10

How do isotopes of the same element (e.g. carbon -12 and carbon - 14) differ from each other?

Answer 10

Number of neutrons

Question 11

When placed in water, wilted plants lose their limpness because of

Answer 11

osmosis of water into the plant cells

Question 12

The organelle that is primarily responsible for converting light energy and atmospheric carbon into organic compunds is the

Answer 12

chloroplast

Question 13

Water is transported in plant tissues against gravity due to all of the following properties of water except

Answer 13

high specifc heat

Question 14

Mitochondria, the energy- processing organelles in eukaryotic cells, have their own DNA, separate from that of the cell’s nucleus. What best explains the presence of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 14

An ancestral prokaryote engulfed and retained a separate energy-processing prokaryotic cell.

Question 15

What is a trace element that is essential to humans?

Answer 15

Iron

Question 16

Which level of protein structure relies solely on the formation of peptide bonds?

Answer 16

primary

Question 17

What is the primary function of the e.r.?

Answer 17

It is the site of lipid synthesis within eukaryotic cells

Question 18

What does the ability of an atom to react with another atom depend on the most?

Answer 18

Number of unpaired valence electrons

Question 19

Which of the following properties of water plays an important role in regulating temperatures on Earth?

Answer 19

Water has a high specific heat

Question 20

What maintains the tertiary structure of a protein?

Answer 20

Ionic bonds, peptide bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and hydrogen bonds

Question 21

If it is 89 F, what is the temperature in C?

Answer 21

31.7

Question 22

When placed into an isotonic solution, animal cells will

Answer 22

remain the same

Question 23

How many milimeters would be equal to 36 inches? (1 in = 2.54 centimeters)

Answer 23

914.4

Question 24

What are the basic “building blocks” of protein?

Answer 24

20 amino acids

Question 25

Charles Darwin's observations that eventually led him to the idea of natural selection

Answer 25

Artifical selection is the only way to produce variatns within a population and overproduction leads to competition for resources

Question 26

Which of the following is indicated by the atomic mass of an atom?

Answer 26

Protons and neutrons

Question 27

What is the atomic number of an atom with 17 neutrons, 15 protons, and 15 electrons?

Answer 27

15

Question 28

What are atoms that have the same number of protons bu differ in their number of neutrons called?

Answer 28

isotopes

Question 29

The ability of some molecules to move thorugh biological membranes more easily than others is called

Answer 29

selective permebility

Question 30

Roles for fatty acids in living organisms

Answer 30

energy storage, membrance construction, and build blocks of fats

Question 31

If the temperature reaches 117 F in Vegas during the summer, what is the temp. in C

Answer 31

47.2

Question 32

Define exocytosis

Answer 32

secretion of macromolecules by fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane

Question 33

Your muscle cells need large amount of ATP to function. Which of the following organelles would you expect to be especially abundant in muscle cells?

Answer 33

Mitochondria

Question 34

If Kool-Aid man can fit 27 liters of cherry kool-aid, how many milliliters can he carry?

Answer 34

0.0027

Question 35

Polymers of polysaccharides (carbohydrates), nucleic acids and proteins can all be broken down into their monomers by which process?

Answer 35

The addition of water to each molecule (hydrolysis)

Question 36

Saturated fatty acids

Answer 36

are usually solid at room temp

Question 37

What would you expect to find in a eukaryotic cell, but not in a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 37

Golgi apparatus

Question 38

Cholesterol molecules act to

Answer 38

alter the fluidity of the plasma membrane

Question 39

A polypeptide can best be described as a

Answer 39

polymer consisting of many amino acids

Question 40

Which of the following would you expect to find in an animal cell, but not in a plant cell?

Answer 40

Lysosomes

Question 41

When a protein loses its 3-D shape it is said to be

Answer 41

Denatured

Question 42

Which type of bond results from an unequal sharing of electrons between atoms?

Answer 42

Covalent bonds

Question 43

Which type of organelle is primarily involved in receiving, storing, manufacturing, and shipping of cellular products?

Answer 43

Golgi apparatus

Question 44

An uncharged atom of boron has an atomic number of 5 and an atomic mass of 11. How many electrons does boron have?

Answer 44

5

Question 45

A shortage of phosphorus in the soil would make it especially difficult for a plant to manufacture which of the following macromolecules?

Answer 45

DNA

Question 46

A glucuse molecule is to a carbohydrate as an

Answer 46

amino acid is to a protein

Question 47

In the parietal cells of the stomach, the uptake of chloride ions by a cell is coupled to the transport of bicarbonate ions out of the cell. What type of transport is this?

Answer 47

Cotransport through an antiport

Question 48

Animal cells have communication junctions called gap junctions that are small holes in plasma membrane that allow adjacent cells to pass cytoplasm, small molecules, etc. What are the similar communication junctions in plants called?

Answer 48

Plasmodesmata

Question 49

Which of the following is NOT a function of the rough ER?

Answer 49

ATP synthesis

Question 50

Which of the following is a property of carbon that makes its atoms compatible with a greater number of different elements than most other types of atoms?

Answer 50

Carbon has four valence electrons

Question 51

Although the fatty acids stearic acid and oleic acid have the same number of carbon atoms, they have different 3-d structures. Oleic acid has a slight bend in the middle because of a double bond. As a result,

Answer 51

a pure sample of olecic acid would be more liquid than a pure sample of stearic acid

Question 52

Which of the following are the most abundant molecules in a plasma membrane?

Answer 52

Phospholipids

Question 53

A cell has the following molecules and structures: DNA, ribosomes, plasma membrane, enzymes, and cytoplasm. It could be a cell from

Answer 53

any kind of organism

Question 54

the kinds of molecules that pass through a cell membrane most easily tend to be

Answer 54

small and hydrophobic

Question 55

when applying the scientific method, which is tested?

Answer 55

Hypothesis

Question 56

What are the four minor elements that make up approx. 4% of living matter?

Answer 56

phosphorous, potassium, sulfur, and calcium

Question 57

define resolving power

Answer 57

the minimum distance two objects can be from each other and still be distinguished as separate

Question 58

polysaccharide, monosaccharide, and disaccharide is in

Answer 58

Carbohydrate

Question 59

Changing the amino acid within a protein could change what about the protein

Answer 59

the primary structure, secondary, overall shape of the protein, and the function