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Bio 101 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the function of ribosomes?

A

They produce proteins using RNA template. (Protein synthesis)

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2
Q

What is ATP?

A
  • cell’s energy currency
  • energy supplying molecule
  • important for storing excess energy
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3
Q

What is Kinetic energy?

A
  • energy associated with objects in motion
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4
Q

What is potential energy?

A
  • the type of energy that refers to the potential to do work, such as lifting
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5
Q

What is hypotonic?

A
  • lower concentration on the outside of cell

- water enters the cell

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6
Q

What is hypertonic?

A
  • higher concentration outside cell

- water leaves cell

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7
Q

What is isotonic?

A
  • concentration is the same on the inside and outside of the cell
  • there is no movement of water into or out of the cell
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8
Q

What are two organelles/structures that all cells contain?

A
  • plasma/cell membrane

- cytoskeleton

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9
Q

What are two organelles/structures specific to plants?

A
  • cell wall

- chloroplast

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10
Q

What is the cell theory? What are the key principles?

A
  • all things are composed of one or more cells
  • the cell is the basic unit of life
  • all new cells arise of existing cells
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11
Q

What is a denaturation?

A
  • the loss of shape in a protein as a result of changes in temperature, pH, or exposure to chemicals
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12
Q

What are characteristics shared by all living organisms?

A

Order, homeostasis, acquiring energy from an environment, growth and development, populations evolve over time (adaption), response to environmental stimuli, reproduction, regulation

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13
Q

What is an atom?

A
  • Smallest unit of element
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14
Q

What is an atomic number?

A
  • number of protons
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15
Q

What are ionic bonds?

A
  • bonds formed by the transfer of elections between atoms
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16
Q

What are covalent bonds?

A
  • bond created by the sharing of elections
17
Q

What are hydrogen bonds?

A
  • attraction between partial charges
  • much weaker than covalent bonds
  • much more prevalent than covalent bonds
18
Q

What is cohesion?

A
  • water molecules stick together
19
Q

What happens to molecules when water is frozen?

A
  • molecules move apart

- chunk of ice has fewer molecules than equal volume of liquid water

20
Q

What is the solvent of life?

A

Water

21
Q

What is a dissolving agent?

A
  • solvent
22
Q

What is a dissolved substance?

A
  • solute
23
Q

What are four classes (macro) molecules in living system?

A
  • carbohydrates, nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids
24
Q

What are monomers?

A

Individual units of a macromolecule

25
Q

What are polymers?

A
  • chains of monomers of bonded together
26
Q

Carbohydrates?

A
  • sugars: used to store and release energy

Bio 101 (3 decks)

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