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Community Dental Health > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what barriers are faced when accessing oral health care?

A

structural, cultural, financial, personal

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2
Q

Who defines health as fulfilling society’s interest in assuring conditions in which people can be health?

A

Institute of Medicine (IOM)

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3
Q

What organization defines health as the following?

A

Health is a state of complete, physical, mental, and social well being and is not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

the WHO

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4
Q

determine the cost effectiveness of a community dental program is most similar to what element of the individual patient process

A

evaluating the effectiveness of the treatment

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5
Q

ten great public health achievements of the 20th century

A

vaccination

motor vehicle safety

workplace safet

infectious disease control

reduction in death from heart disease and stroke

safer and healthier food

healthier mothers and babies

family planning

fluoridated drinking water

recognition of tobacco use as a health hazard

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6
Q

state, county and local opportunities in DPH

A

WIC- educator and advocate

medicaid- educator, advocate, administrator/man

maternal and child health program- advocate, educator

state bureau of prisons- clinician, educator, advocate, administrator / manager

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7
Q

what is the children’s health insurance program? (CHIP)

A

jointly funded federal state program that provides health insurance coverage for children up to age 19 whose families do not qualify for medicaid and are 2x that if federal povert level

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8
Q

this group has never paid for oral health services

A

medicare

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9
Q

all of the following are required for effective program planning EXCEPT:

a. sufficient time and resources
b. prompt reaction to a crisis
c. community recognition of a need
d. behavioral, cultural, environmental and political influences addressed
e. community input and ownership

A

B. Prompt reaction to a crisis

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10
Q

this is counseling families about their child’s current oral health status and what to expect in the different development stages

A

anticipatory guidance

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11
Q

what provides a framework for public health practitioners?

A

assess the oral health needs of the community and quality and availability of resources and services

provide screening referral and educational services that allow patients and clients to access the resources of health care systems

provide community oral health services in a variety of settings

facilitate patient and client access to oral health services by influencing individuals and or organizations for the provision of oral health care

evaluate reimbursement mechanisms and their impact on the patients or clients access to oral health care

evaluate the outcomes or community based programs and plan for future activists

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12
Q

This is one of the 9 specialties in dentistry and it is recognized by the ADA

A

Dental Public Health

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13
Q

which organization has developed competency statements specifically for the newly graduated dental hygienist?

A

american dental education association

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14
Q

the best time to get a community input when developing dental public health program is

A

during the needs assessment

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15
Q

how many countries worldwide use dental therapists or dental nurse providers to provide health care?

A

50

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16
Q

in public health, even in a clinical setting, how is the patient treated?

A

the care decisions for that person are impacted by the larger community and the setting in which the patient is treated along with the financial part of it

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17
Q

the controlled clinical trials of sTer fluoridated began in:

A

1945

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18
Q

who controlled clinical trials of water fluoridation?

A

National Institute of dental craniofacial research (NIDCR)

in 1945 in grand rapids Michigan and newburgh NY

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19
Q

All of the following groups have limited access to oral health care EXCEPT

A

minorities, poor children, ritual residents, people of low socioeconomic position
**working professionals

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20
Q

which of the following is an accurate representation of a current dental public health workforce issue?

A

ethnic representation in the dental public health workforce does not mirror representation in the population served by the public health programs**

too many graduates are applying for dental public health advanced education programs

salaries for dental public health positions are not much different than salaries in private dental or dental hygiene practice

currently there are many options for dental hygienists to pursue advanced education or credentialing in dental public health

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21
Q

structural barriers to oral health include:

A

the number, type and distribution of health care providers

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22
Q

how is health defined by webster?

A

a physical and mental well being; freedom from disease

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23
Q

the department of health and human services launched what?

A

healthy people 2020

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24
Q

this is jointly funded by federal and state for certain low income and needy people. oral health service for children are mandatory

A

medicaid

25
Q

this phase continued progression in technology allowed further treatment of disease thru increasingly complex medical treatments. this occurred a lot in hospital settings instead of community based aspects

A

phase 3 (1930-1975)

26
Q

in what roles might a public health dental hygienist participate in professionally

A

educator, administrators m, advocate and researcher

27
Q

the most important consideration when creative effective public health programs is to:

A

get the community’s input prior to planning programs

28
Q

alternative models for health care delivery:

A

have been successful world wide

indicate nondentist providers quality care

indicate nondentist providers are less expensive to educate

indicate that nondentist providers can provide care without supervision

29
Q

in this phase- public health related to elimination and control of diseases that grew out of rapid industrialization (industrial development) and crowded and poor living conditions

A

phase 1 (1849-1900)

30
Q

what does the dental public health role require skills in?

A

assessing and diagnosing community oral health needs

planning and implementing

evaluating community based oral health programs

providing educational services

applying research

use of epidemiology

inventing programs

advocating

understanding the organization of health care

31
Q

Who defined health as the science and art preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting physical health and efficiency through organized community efforts?

A

Winslow in 1920

32
Q

In private practice, how is treatment based?

A

when the patient is in the dental chair, he or she is based on individual needs

33
Q

this is a comprehensive nationwide health promotion and disease prevention plan

A

healthy people

34
Q

what groups have the poorest oral health of racial and ethnic groups in the US?

A

non hispanic blacks, hispanics, american indians and alaska natives

35
Q

how does the ADHA describe the role of a hygienist?

A

advocate

educator

clinician

researcher

and administrator or manager

36
Q

these barriers are related to the number, type, concentration, location or organizational configuration of health care providers

A

structural barriers

37
Q

What is the definition of dental public health by the American Board of Dental Public Health? (ABDPH)

A

the science and art of preventing and controlling dental diseases and promoting dental health through organized community efforts. it is that form of dental practice that serves the community as a patient rather than the individual. it is concerned with dental health education of the public, with applied dental research and with the administration of group dental care programs, as well as the prevention and control of dental disease on a community basis.

38
Q

assessment of risk factor and protective factors for dental caries, perio disease, malocclusion, and oral injury

A

risk assessment

39
Q

all of the following trends may increase access to care EXCEPT:

A

tele-dentistry

mobile and portable dentistry

dental expansion of community health center

more restrictive dental and dental hygiene state practice acts**

volunteerism

40
Q

other than private practice, what are other dental options for people? especially those with low income

A

safety net dental clinics

mobile and portable dental services

tele dentistry

41
Q

these types of barriers limit access because of a patients inability to pay for a service or providers who choose not to provide care for those with limited finances

A

financial barriers

42
Q

The surgeons generals report, a national call to action to promote oral health covers five actions. which of the following is NOT one of the actions?

A

change public perceptions of oral health

increase oral health workforce diversity, capacity and flexibility

build the science base and accelerate science transfer

overcome barriers by replicating effective programs and proven efforts

promote more disciplinary rather than interdisciplinary collaborations**

43
Q

what is the most distinctive different between public health and private practice?

A

the concept of the community as a patient

44
Q

this phase is population based prevention strategies possible with advances in bacteriology and immunizations, reducing the effects of infectious diseases. immunization programs came out of this phase

A

phase 2 (1880-1930)

45
Q

what are the three core functions of public health agencies?

A

assessment, policy development and assurance

46
Q

what are the two largest health care financing programs?

A

medicare and medicaid

47
Q

what was the primary reason for developing the NIDR?

A

address the national dental problems discovered through selective service rejections

48
Q

this is the current phase of public health. it arises from the realization that technology may be extremely effective in the treatment or cure of acute health problems but ineffective in managing chronic lifestyle diseases and controlling the high cost of technology health care

A

phase 4

49
Q

state dental public health units originally developed as a result of the:

A

maternal and child health grants to states

50
Q

federal opportunies in DPH

A

USPHS- clinician, administrator, researcher, educator

Dept. of Justice- clinician, admin

Dept of veterans affairs- clinician, admin., research

FDA- researcher advocate

NIDCR- research, admin man

51
Q

sufficient resources are necessary for effective programs. the creative planner will use which method to make the best of resources?

A

leveraging resources, considering common risk factors, working in coalitions, developing partnerships

52
Q

these types of barriers inhibit patetiones from seeking care or following provider recommendations based on personal or cultural beliefs

A

personal / cultural

53
Q

the third phase of public health included all of the following EXCEPT

A

Treatment of disease with complex medical treatment

eradication of small pox

intervention through hospitalization rather than the community

cure for acute health problems

effective management of chronic, lifestyle related diseases ***

54
Q

which of the following persons is least likely to have difficulty accessing dental care?

A

a frail, elderly woman who is home bound

a 20 year old male, hispanic, migrant agriculture worker

a 40 year old female american Indian in an isolated alaskan village

a 59 year old stare gov. worker**

a 2 year old who lives in a single parent family with his five brothers and is eligible but not enrolled in medicaid

55
Q

which organization monitors health issues on a global scale?

A

WHO

56
Q

all of the following are considered barriers to implementing evidence based dental public health practice EXCEPT:

A

the time it takes for practitioners to adopt new research

the translation of techniques used successfully in private practice with individual patients to a community based population approach

not having enough scientist to review previous studies

**convincing third party payers to reimburse based on new practice guidelines

57
Q

what are subgroups that are factors for oral health problems?

A

age, sex, race or ethnicity, socioeconomic status, language, geography, medical or disability status, behavioral lifestyles,

58
Q

what is the primary department of the federal government that oversees public health activities at the national level

A

department of health and human services

59
Q

which of the following is NOT a true statement?

A

dental caries is the single most common chronic children’s disease

over 50% of child abuse cases involve head and oral facial trauma

uninsured children are 2.5 times less likely than insured children to receive dental care

less than 200 school hours are lost to dental related illness each year***

African american males have the highest incidence of oral and pharyngeal cancers in the US and their 5 year survival rates are lower than the rest of the population

Community Dental Health (5 decks)

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