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Psych Nursing > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

incidence

A

new number of cases diagnosed in a given timeframe

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2
Q

prevalence

A

new and chronic cases in a timeframe

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3
Q

spiritual

A

internal phenomenon, beliefs, values, ideals, purpose

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4
Q

religion

A

external system that includes beliefs, patterns, symbols

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5
Q

tardive dyskinesia

A

abnormal body movements

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6
Q

labile affect

A

affect changes drastically in a short time

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7
Q

normal thought process

A

logical, linear, goal directed, coherent

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8
Q

circumstantial

A

providing extra detail that are somewhat related but they never answer question. circle the answer over and over

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9
Q

tangential

A

eventually answer question but talk about other stories along the way (other stories do have some connection)

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10
Q

flight of ideas

A

jumping from unrelated topic to unrelated topic

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11
Q

thought blocking

A

responding to internal stimuli. stop in mid-sentence. may be hearing voices

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12
Q

delusion

A

false belief about something

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13
Q

obsessions

A

intrusive thoughts

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14
Q

illusion

A

misinterpreting external stimuli

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15
Q

insight

A

ability to identify issue at hand, such as their own mental illness

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16
Q

judgement

A

ability to ma ke good, safe decisions

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17
Q

conditions to keep someone involuntarily

A

threat to themselves, threat to others, gravely disabled

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18
Q

completed suicide

A

person who osuccessfully dies

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19
Q

suicide behavior

A

any behavior related to suicide such as ideation, self-harm

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20
Q

suicidal ideation

A

thoughts of taking own life.
active - thoughts of ending your own life
passive - thoughts of dying, not wanting to live anymore
indirect- i want to go to sleep and never wake up
direct - i want to end my own life

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21
Q

suicide intent

A

what did they want to happen from suicide attempt. do they actually want to die or want attention

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22
Q

Joiners theory of suicide

A

specific set of circumstances that allow people to be suicidal.

  1. I am alone
  2. I am a burden
  3. I am not afraid to die
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23
Q

major suicide risk factors

A

major depressive disorder, other mental health disorder, substance abuse, access to lethal means, prior suicide attempts.

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24
Q

populations at risk for suicide

A

LGBT, youth, American Indians, Alaska Natives, veterans, chronic medial conditions, bereaved by suicide

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25
Q

situational risk factors

A

stress you are under. family/marital conflict, unemployment, social withdrawal/isolation, medical problems, loss, recent discharge from inpatient unit

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26
Q

warning signs

A

threatening suicide, seeking means to die, talking or writing about suicide, dramatic mood changes, sudden change in sleep, increased drug use, hopelessness

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27
Q

IS PATH WARM

mnemonic for suicide assessment

A 
Ideation
Substance Use
Purposelessness
Anxiety
Trapped feeling
Hopelessness
Withdrawn
Anger
Recklessness
Mood changes
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28
Q

protective factors

A

reasons for living, family, spirituality, connectedness, hope for future, engagement with a helper, problem solving skills, availability of physical and mental health care

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29
Q

DICB

A

Suicidal desire: Factors that make people want death
Intent: Motivation for suicide
Capability: Ability to engage in suicide
Buffer: Factors that protect

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30
Q

cortex

A

top part of brain, intelligent, “human” part, who we are. higher functioning. 4 different lobes

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31
Q

subcortical/brainstem

A

bottom part of brain, primitive, automatic, reacts. survival

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32
Q

frontal lobe

A

intellect, insight, judgment, expression of emotion

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33
Q

parietal lobe

A

reading, writing, sensory perceptions, maintain attention, process motor activities

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34
Q

temporal lobe

A

auditory and olfactory senses, emotion, learning and memory

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35
Q

occipital lob

A

vision and visual memory, integration between vision and other sensory information

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36
Q

prefrontal cortex

A

front part of frontal lobe. differentiates conflicting thoughts, determines good/bad, same/different, future consequences, social control, impulsivity. Not mature until early to mid 20s

37
Q

limbic system structures

A

amygdala, cingulate gyrus, fornix, hippocampus, hypothalamus, olfactory cortex, thalamas

38
Q

limbic system functions

A

controls emotions, emotional response, memory storage, hormonal secretions, mood, motivation, pain and pleasure sensations

39
Q

basal ganglia

A

impacts complex motor responses

40
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

nerves and ganglia outside of CNS, muscles and glands. relay/communication network, brings in sensory info. composed of somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system (includes sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system)

41
Q

SNS

A

excitatory, fight or flight. rapidly mobilizes body systems. activates epinephrine and norepinephrine

42
Q

PSNS

A

calming, resets autonomic nervous system, rest and digest. slow system. innervates cranial nerves 3, 7, 9, 10

43
Q

neuroglia

A

glial cells. support, protect and insulate. do not communicate

44
Q

neurons

A

sensory (afferent), motor (efferent) and interneurons. communicate cell to cell via AP/nerve impulse. made up of dendrites, soma and axon

45
Q

acetylcholine

A

NT responsible for learning, memory, wakefulness, attention and movement

46
Q

histamine

A

NT responsible for allergic responses, gastric acid secretion, modulating CNS transmission, affects wakefulness

47
Q

serotonin / 5HT

A

responsible for temp regulation, sleep, appetite, sexual interest, fear, depressive, anxious mood, pain perception

48
Q

norepinephrine

A

NT responsible for response to stress, awareness of environment, attention, learning, memory, sleep, arousal.

49
Q

dopamine

A

NT responsible for motor movement, learning, memory, judgment, insight, pleasure, motivation

50
Q

glutamate

A

amino acid NT. excitatory

51
Q

GABA

A

amino acid NT. inhibitory

52
Q

euthymic

A

normal mood

53
Q

SSRI’s

A

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. ASE - serotonin syndrome

54
Q

SNRI’s

A

serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors

55
Q

NDRI’s

A

norepinephrine dopamine reuptake inhibitors. Wellbutrin

56
Q

TCA’s

A

tricyclic antidepressants. for sleep, pain, migraine. lethal in overdoses

57
Q

MAOI’s

A

monoamine oxidase inhibitors. inhibit enzymes (monoamine oxidase) that breakdown NT’s, many drug interactions, requires tyramine restricted diet.h

58
Q

serotonin syndrome

A

fever, sweating, increased HR and BP, hyperreflexia. mental status changes, agitation, shivering, N/D, pain. caused by opioids, antidepressants (esp 2 of same class), CNS stimulants and triptans, OTC herbal supplements

59
Q

Food with tyramine

A

aged cheese, avocado, figs, yeast extracts, deli meat, liver, beer/wine, fermented food

60
Q

EPS / extrapyramidal symptoms

A

dystonia, pseudoparkinsonism, akathisia

61
Q

dystonia

A

abnormal muscle movements

62
Q

akathisia

A

restlessness, pacing, rocking, anxiousness

63
Q

neuroleptic malignant syndrome / NMS

A

caused by antipsychotics. medical emergency. occurs suddenly after dose increase or new med. labile HTN, increased HR/RR, fever, diaphoresis, drooling, increased muscle tone, decreased LOC. elevated WBC, CK

64
Q

second generation

A

EPS reduced because these drugs do not bind as tight to D2 receptors. monitor wt, cholesterol and BG. can cause DM2

65
Q

mood stabilizers

A

stabilize mood in bipolar and anticonvulsants/antiepileptics. reduce threshold of AP and reduce glutamate. lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine, lamotrigine

66
Q

benzodiazepines

A

only for short term use. less than 2 weeks. lorazepam, clonazepam, alprzaloam

67
Q

transference

A

patient projecting past on to health professional. can be good or bad. (pt treating me as her son)

68
Q

countertransference

A

professional projecting feelings on to patient

69
Q

boundary crossing

A

self disclose when you shouldn’t, calling pt from home. crosses boundary of nurse-patient relationship

70
Q

boundary violation

A

crosses boundary of nurse-patient relationship and causes patient harm. ex. sex

71
Q

empathy

A

ability to understand how another person is feeling

72
Q

sympathy

A

feeling sorry

73
Q

Hildegard Peplau

A

Mother of psychiatric nursing. Theorist who said we should attempt to understand patient’s story and their feelings. Being empathetic is the healing part for the patient

74
Q

genuine

A

when your verbal and nonverbal communication is congruent

75
Q

DSM-V

A

criteria used to diagnose/classify mental health disorders. used worldwide. helps people be on the same page.

76
Q

unconditioned positive regard

A

regardless of patient’s situation, you are empathetic and treat them with respect. being nonjudgmental

77
Q

beneficience

A

ethical principle that addresses the idea that a nurse’s actions should promote good. Doing good is thought of as doing what is best for the patient.

78
Q

paternalism

A

action limiting a person’s or group’s liberty or autonomy which is intended to promote their own good.

79
Q

justice

A

Fair and equal treatment of patients

80
Q

fidelity

A

being dedicated to patients and faithful in the performance of his/her duties

81
Q

anxiolytics

A

antidepressants, benzodiazepines, buspirone

82
Q

psychosocial assessment

A

subjective patient perceptions, chief complaint, hx of violent behaviors, substance use, legal, family history, past psychiatric history, stressors and coping methods, social background, support system, spiritual beliefs, religious, cultural

83
Q

rambling

A

scrambled, not staying on topic. similar to flight of ideas

84
Q

illogical

A

no logical connection

85
Q

loose associations

A

ideas loosely associated with each other. ex. the picture has a headache.

86
Q

mesocortical pathway

A

thinking, planning, reasoning

87
Q

mesolimbic pathway

A

schizophrenic s/s

88
Q

nigrostriatal pathway

89
Q

tuberoinfundibular

A

maintain prolactin level

Psych Nursing (2 decks)

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