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Chem 121 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the SI unit of temperature

A

Kelvin

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2
Q

What is temperature?

A

Measure of average kinetic energy

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3
Q

Which way does temperature move?

A

Hot to cold

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4
Q

What are derived units?

A

Combinations of units (m^3,g/cm^3)

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5
Q

What is energy?

A

The capacity to do work

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6
Q

What is work?

A

The action of a force with DISTANCE, ENERGY WITH DISTANCE

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7
Q

How to calc total energy?

A

Potential + Kintetic

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8
Q

Define matter

A

Anything which occupies space and BOTH has mass

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9
Q

Define chemistry

A

The science that seeks to understand the properties of matter by studying the structure of the particles which compose it

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10
Q

Define heterogenous mixture

A

One where composition varies from one region to the other

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11
Q

Define compound

A

Two or more elements in fixed proportions

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12
Q

Define purse substances

A

Only made of one type of particle

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13
Q

What is the law of conservation of mass

A

In a reaction matter is neither created nor destroyed

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14
Q

What is scientific law

A

A brief statement which summarizes past observations and predict future ones

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15
Q

What is a scientific theory

A

Not WHAT but WHY

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16
Q

What is a chemical reaction

A

Is when one or more substances are converted into one or more substances

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17
Q

Mass of reactants =

A

Mass of products

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18
Q

law of definite proportions

A

All samples of a given compound have the same proportions of their constitute elements

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19
Q

law of multiple proportions

A

PLS FIND

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20
Q

T/F Elements are composed of indestructible particles called atoms

A

True

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21
Q

T/F Atoms combine in simple, whole number ratios to form compounds

A

True

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22
Q

T/F Atoms of one element can change into atoms of another element

A

False, Atoms can only change their bonds with other atoms

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23
Q

T/F All atoms of certain element have the same mass that distinguish from other elements

A

True

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24
Q

What is an atomic mass unit

A

1/12 the mass of a carbon atom with six neutrons and six protons

25
Q

How is the periodic table organized?

A

Period (row) and group (column)

26
Q

Define isotope

A

Atoms with same # of protons but differing neutrons

27
Q

What is when there are a certain percentage of each isotope naturally found on earth

A

Natural abundance

28
Q

What is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom

A

Mass number

29
Q

What does Avogadro’s constant show?

A

The number of atoms in one mole of a substance

30
Q

What is mass number on periodic table?

A

Mass in grams of one mole of x element

31
Q

Define literally mole

A

The number of atoms in C-12 (Avogadro number)

32
Q

Length between two crests

A

Wavelength

33
Q

Different amplitude =

A

Different brightness

34
Q

Different wavelength =

A

different colors

35
Q

What is the photoelectric effect?`

A

Observation that metals emit electrons when light shines upon them

36
Q

Why does photoelectric effect happen?

A

Metal absorbs electron from light and electron from the metal is lost

37
Q

What type of energy does the electron from the light have to exceed to break away one from the metal?

A

Binding energy

38
Q

Define proton

A

Quantum of light

39
Q

What is the series of bright lines produced as a result of a prism , and how work

A

Emission spectrum, sees wavelengths emitted by the substance

40
Q

What is an absorption spectrum and how work?

A

Dark lines on a bright background, only accepts white light and see which wavelengths are missing

41
Q

ABSORPTION SEES _____ light, EMISSION SEES _____ light

A

ABSORBTION white, emISSION = specific

42
Q

When emission happens, the electron…

A

drops an energy level

43
Q

What is emission?

A

When an atom gives off a photon

44
Q

What is a degenrate?

A

All orbitals at the same energy level

45
Q

What is a subshell?

A

Orbitals with the same energy level

46
Q

What is a subshell?

A

Orbitals with the same energy level

47
Q

How to know if an electron configuration is ground state?

A

Electrons cannot be transferred to lower energy levels

48
Q

What is excited state?

A

Electron is temporarily in a energy than ground state

49
Q

Subshell count relates to

A

Energy level

50
Q

How many orbitals in n=1

A

One

51
Q

Howmany orbitals in n=2

A

Four

52
Q

How many orbitals in n=3

A

Nine

53
Q

How many orbitals in n=4

A

16

54
Q

Trick to remembering shell count?

A

1,3,5,7

55
Q

What is SI unit of wavelength

A

Lambda metres

56
Q

what is the SI unit of energy

A

Joule

57
Q

SI unit of weight

A

Kg

58
Q

What is the formula for change in energy?

A

Ef-Ei

59
Q

Effective nuclear charge formula

A

of protons vs innermost electons

Chem 121 (3 decks)

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