Exam 1

Question 1

a____ is a tentatice, testable, statement about the general nature of the phenomenon observed

Answer 1

hypothesis

Question 2

____notice something: collect data, see something interesting

Answer 2

Observation

Question 3

_____How to check which, if any, explanation is correct

Answer 3

Testing

Question 4

______a well substantiated explanation that can incoperate facts, laws, logical inferences and tested hypotheses not a good guess

Answer 4

Theory

Question 5

4 steps of scientific method

Answer 5

observation
hypothesis
testing
repeat as needed

Question 6

what are the 5 major world oceans

Answer 6

Pacific
Atlantic
Indian 
Southern (antarctic)
Arctic

Question 7

the largest ocean is

Answer 7

Pacific

Question 8

oceanography is

Answer 8

the scientific study of the worlds oceans

Question 9

The chemical composition of the earths layers include

Answer 9

crust
mantel
core

Question 10

water found in early earth came from

Answer 10

volcanic outgassing

Question 11

salt in the ocean comes from

Answer 11

acidic rain eroding rock material on early earth

Question 12

oceand cover about___% of earths surface

Answer 12

70%

Question 13

hot spots can produce

Answer 13

volcanic island chains

Question 14

plate boundary where crust is destroyed are called_____

Answer 14

convergent

Question 15

ocean volcanoes undergo___and____which require the fringing coral reef to grow upwards to continues obtaining energy from sunlight as the depth of the volcano increases

Answer 15

extinction and eruption

Question 16

when 2 oceanic plates collide the most important factor determining the subduction is

Answer 16

the age, the older colder plate will sink because its more dense

Question 17

oceanic-oceanic convergence produce:

Answer 17

oceanic island arcs and trenches

Question 18

plate boundaries are commonly associated with

Answer 18

earth quakes and volcanic

Question 19

the continental shelf is

Answer 19

a flat plain where sediment is deposited off the edge of the continent, from shore to shelf break

Question 20

biogenic sediment is predominately made from…

Answer 20

calcium carbonate and silica

Question 21

active continental margins occur

Answer 21

close to plate boundaries

Question 22

sediment cores from the seafloor reveal information about..

Answer 22

earths past climate, ocean chemistry, ocean circulation and life

Question 23

bathymetric is

Answer 23

a map that shows the waters depth

Question 24

deepest and flattest part of earth

Answer 24

abyssal plains

Question 25

ocean trenches are produced along..

Answer 25

convergent boundarys

Question 26

driving force of plate tectonics are...

Answer 26

earths internal heat

Question 27

the record of earths magnetic field reversing is well preserved in

Answer 27

basaltic rock

Question 28

the 6 continents are

Answer 28

``` north america south america Africa Eurasia Australia Antarctica ```

Question 29

earths physical properties are...

Answer 29

``` lithosphere asthenosphere meosphere outer core inner core ```

Question 30

how did organisms develop ability to create oxygen

Answer 30

photosynthesis

Question 31

three major plate boundaries

Answer 31

divergent convergent transform

Question 32

divergent boundary features

Answer 32

plates move apart new ocean floor created shallow earthquakes

Question 33

convergent boundary feature

Answer 33

``` plates move toward each other oceanic crust destroyed ocean trench volcanic arc deep earthquakes ```

Question 34

three types of convergent boundarys

Answer 34

oceanic-continental oceanic-oceanic continental-continental

Question 35

Oceanic-continental convergence

Answer 35

``` Oceanic plate is subducted – Continental arcs – Explosive andesitic volcanic eruptions ```

Question 36

Oceanic-Oceanic Convergence

Answer 36

Denser plate is subducted • Deep trenches generated • Volcanic island arcs generated

Question 37

continental-continental convergence

Answer 37

No subduction occurs | • Tall mountains uplifted

Question 38

Transform Boundary

Answer 38

sliding motion •no volcanoes •shallow earthquakes

Question 39

what is an Atoll

Answer 39

reefs continue to grow after volcanoes are submerged

Question 40

Three Major Ocean Provinces

Answer 40

continental margins deep ocean basins mid ocean ridge

Question 41

continental margins have 2 types

Answer 41

passive and active

Question 42

Active Continental Margins types

Answer 42

1. Convergent | 2. Transform

Question 43

deep ocean basins have

Answer 43

abyssal plains ocean trenches island arcs

Question 44

mid ocean ridges have

Answer 44

pillow basalts hydrothermal systems Transform faults, fracture zones, and rift valleys

Question 45

sediment cores are...

Answer 45

hollow steel tube collects sediment columns

Question 46

classification by origin | Lithogenous

Answer 46

from rock

Question 47

classification by origin | Biogenous

Answer 47

from life

Question 48

classification by origin | Hydrogenous

Answer 48

from water

Question 49

classification by origin | Cosmogenous:

Answer 49

from space

Question 50

transportation methods

Answer 50

Streams • Wind • Glaciers • Gravity

Question 51

2 types of lithogenic distribution

Answer 51

Neritic (Near shore) deposits | Pelagic (oceanic) deposits

Question 52

biogenous test

Answer 52

shells of microscopic organisms

Question 53

calcite has..

Answer 53

Forams | • coccolithophores

Question 54

silica has..

Answer 54

Diatoms | • Radiolaria

Question 55

2 types of shores

Answer 55

erosion /emergent | deposition/submergent

Question 56

2 major processes in sea level changes

Answer 56

Isostatic | Eustatic