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Intro to Complete Dentures > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What does stability refer to when talking about CD?

A

-ability to overcome lateral displacement and rotation during function

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2
Q

What does retention refer to when talking about CD?

A

-ability to overcome vertical displacement during function

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3
Q

What does support refer to when talking about CD?

A

-ability to withstand vertical compression forces during function

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4
Q

What happens during the first appointment for an CD?

A
  • examination, diagnosis, and preliminary impressions
  • extractions if necessary
  • make custom tray
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5
Q

What happens during the second appointment for CD?

A

-final impressions

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6
Q

What happens during the third appointment?

A
  • maxillo-mandibular relations

- artificial tooth arrangment

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7
Q

What happens during the 4th appointment?

A

-wax trial denture try-in

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8
Q

What happens during the 5th appointment?

A

-insertion/delivery

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9
Q

What are the negative effects of antihypertensive meds on denture patients?

A

-can cause dryness and postural hypotension

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10
Q

What are the negative effects of corticosteroids and anti-parkinsons agents?

A

-dryness, confusion, and behavioral changes

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11
Q

What are the negative effects of diuretics, antihistamines and atropine?

A

-dryness

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12
Q

Fractured remains of extracted teeth may be left only if..?

A

-asymptomatic

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13
Q

Loss of vertical dimension usually leads to what soft tissue change?

A
  • heavy wrinkles

- aged appearance

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14
Q

What are the main types of facial forms?

A
  • square
  • square-tapering
  • tapering
  • ovoid
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15
Q

How do you treat pathogenic mucosa before treatment?

A

-tissue conditioning

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16
Q

What anatomical structure is critical for a peripheral seal across the buccal flange?

A

-draping of cheeks over side of denture

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17
Q

What is the relationship between FOM and the issues with denture success?

A
  • if near level of ridge crest, retention and stability are severely compromised
  • hyperactive FOM also reduces these things
  • significant resorption can bring crest close to FOM
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18
Q

What is the best ridge form for max CD?

A

-u-shaped

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19
Q

What is the worst ridge forms for max CD

A
  • v-shaped

- knife-edged, shallow, resorbed ridges

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20
Q

What are the characteristics of viable maxillary tuberosities needed for a max CD?

A
  • non-moveable tissue

- not overenlarged with fibrous tissue

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21
Q

What are the different forms of the soft palate and what are their relationships to the line drawn across the distal edges of tuberosities?

A
  • Class I (best)- large, relatively immovable band of resilient tissues 5-12 mm distal to line
  • Class II- medium size and 3-5mm distal to line
  • Class III (worst)- curtain of soft tissue turns down abruptly 3-5mm anterior to line
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22
Q

What is the distal extent of the dentures?

A

-Hamular notches

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23
Q

What are the consequences of over-extension of CD?

A

-causes pain and inflammation

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24
Q

What are the consequences of under-extension?

A

-non-retentive denture

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25
Q

What anatomical feature forms the posterior palatal seal?

A

-vibrating line

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26
Q

Ridge form is more critical for which arch?

A
  • mandibular ridge because there is less surface area for retention
  • narrow zone of keratinized attached mucosa confined to alveolar ridge
  • possible displacement for overextended denture
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27
Q

What bony feature is the primary stress bearing area for the mandibular denture?

A
  • buccal shelf

- dense cortical bone that does not resorb due to muscle attachments

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28
Q

Which muscular attachment is most detrimental to the retention of the mandibular CD?

A

-lingual frenum

29
Q

What is the anatomical feature that denotes the posterior extent of the mandibular CD?

A
  • retromolar pad
  • must be covered by denture to create seal
  • retromylohyoid space determines posterior extension of lingual flange
  • amount of available space affects stability and retention
30
Q

Size of what major muscle affects mandibular stability?

A
  • tongue
  • hypertrophy
  • hyperactive tongue
31
Q

What type of stone is used to pour up the casts to make the custom trays?

A

-type 3 dental stone

32
Q

What is the size of the land area for the casts?

A

-4-5mm

33
Q

What is the purpose of custom trays?

A
  • tray with borders approximating the outline of CD cast
  • helps minimize distortion of impression material and tissue
  • allows for accuracy of borders through border molding
34
Q

How short does the land area need to be trimmed down?

A

-within 2-3mm of the vestibule

35
Q

What is the thickness of the trays?

A

-2-3mm uniform tray thickness

36
Q

What are the dimensions of the custom tray handle?

A
  • 45*
  • 9mm in height
  • 10mm in width
37
Q

Where are the finger rests placed on the mand custom tray?

A
  • 1st molar/2nd premolar regions

- 20mm mesiodistally and 10mm wide anteriorly

38
Q

The blue line is showing what part of the vestibule?

A

-fornix

39
Q

The red line shows what part of the vestibule?

A

-2-3mm higher

40
Q

What type of wax is used as a spacer for the custom tray?

A

-type 3 baseplate wax spacer

41
Q

Before border molding, how long should the patient remove old CDs for?

A
  • 24-72hrs

- this allows for recovery of tissue and keratinization of the edentulous mucosa

42
Q

What kinds of materials can be used to border mold?

A

-heavy body PVS for border molding

43
Q

What kind of material can be used to make the final impression?

A
  • light body PVS (maybe poly ether)
  • easy to mix and dispense
  • good dimensional stability and accuracy
  • great elastic recovery and dimensional accuracy
44
Q

What are the 4 key actions to get a good max final impression?

A
  • suction around finger
  • pucker/pooch lips and produce maximal smile line
  • open mouth and move mandible side to side to get condylar impression
  • pinch patient nostrils down and attempt to blow air through nose while holding tongue down
  • mark vibrating line
45
Q

What are the 5 key actions to give a good mand final impression?

A
  • suction around tray handle
  • pucker/pooch, maximal smile line
  • pronouce word Christmas and letter Q and U and pull lower lip and cheek over impression tray
  • place fingers on the top of each side of the tray and ask patients to close using 1 second increments of force
  • raise tongue to roof of mouth and stick tongue out and side to side
46
Q

What is the ratio of the plaster/pumice base for the master cast pour?

A

-50/50

47
Q

What are characteristics of successful record bases?

A
  • slight retentive, stable, rigid and no rocking
  • fill depth of vestibule
  • trim excess, obtain smooth borders
  • rims to establish VDO
48
Q

What are the dimensions of the occlusion rims to be used?

A
  • 8mm wide in molar region
  • 6mm thick in premolar region
  • 3mm thick in anterior region
49
Q

How should the rim be positioned over the residual ridge for fabrication of the occlusion rims?

A

-centered over ridge exactly

50
Q

How does the maxillary wax rim taper A-P in height?

A
  • 22mm anteriorly

- 8mm posteriorly

51
Q

How does the mandibular wax rim taper A-P in height?

A
  • 18mm anteriorly

- 2/3 height of retromolar pad posteriorly

52
Q

What is the occlusal plane parallel to?

A

-Camper’s plane

53
Q

How much incisal length should show at rest?

A
  • 0-1mm men

- 2-3mm women

54
Q

Lip support generated by the maxillary CD should result in what angulation between the nose and upper lip?

A
  • 95* ideal

- vermilion border must show

55
Q

When making the fricative sounds, where should the edge of the wax rim touch the lower lip?

A

-wet-dry line

56
Q

Ideally, how much horizontal and vertical overlap should there be?

A
  • 1.0 mm vert.

- 1.5mm horizontal

57
Q

From the frontal view, the anterior portion of the wax rim should appear parallel to which line?

A

-Interpupillary line

58
Q

Interocclusal distance equals…?

A

VDR - VDO

~2-4mm

59
Q

Which landmarks are used to determine the occlusal plane?

A
  • midpoint of the retromolar pads

- incisal edges of maxillary central incisors

60
Q

What is the description of the inclination of the maxillary incisors? This term especially applies to the canines…

A
  • toed-in

- apically distal and incisally mesial

61
Q

What is the purpose of overlap in CD?

A
  • minimize forces applied to max and mand anterior ridges in CO (centric occlusion)
  • create appropriate relationship for sibilant speech sounds
  • more overlap for Class II, class III almost end to end
62
Q

What are some common sources that can be used to select teeth for the denture?

A
  • photos
  • old radiographs
  • existing dentures
  • personality
63
Q

What tooth form is more associated with men?

A
  • square, large

- more wear

64
Q

What tooth form is more associated with women?

A
  • delicate

- curves

65
Q

What are the two principle colors in teeth?

A

-yellow and gray

66
Q

What material is denture dentition made out of?

A
  • PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate)
  • More resiliency
  • will last ~7 years
  • will last life of denture
67
Q

Anterior teeth on the maxillary arch should be placed in what relationship to the residual ridge?

A

-just labial to avoid resorption

68
Q

Anterior teeth on the mandibular arch should be placed in what relationship to the residual ridge?

A

-should not be labial to the center of the vestibule or will cause tipping forces on the mandibular denture

69
Q

On average, the distance from the center of the incisive papilla to the labial surface of the central incisor is…

A

8-10mm

Intro to Complete Dentures (2 decks)

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