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Anatomy and Physiology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

List the Hierarchy of Complexity (9)

A 
Atom
Molecule
Macromolecule
Organelle
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Organism

“Ammo C Tooo”

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2
Q

List the characteristics of water (5)

A 
Solvent
Adhesive
Cohesive
Chemical Reactivity
Thermal Stability

SACCRTS

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3
Q

List the functional groups and their appropriate symbol (5)

A 
Hydroxyl (OH)
Methyl (CH3)
Carboxyl (COOH)
Amino (NH2)
Phosphate (H2PO4)
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4
Q

List the Monosaccharides (5)

A 
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
Ribose
Deoxyribose
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5
Q

List the Polysaccharides (3)

A

Glycogen (animal energy storage)
Starch (plant energy storage)
Cellulose (plant cell wall)

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6
Q

List the features of Enzymes (5)

A 
Protein (monomer amino acid)
Specific
Not Consumed
Lower the activation energy
Active or Binding site present
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7
Q

What are the levels of protein structure? (4)

A

Primary Structure - first level, sequence of amino acids joined by peptide bonds

Secondary Structure - Hydrogen bonds interactions are responsible, beta sheet or alpha helix formed

Tertiary Structure - half proteins in your body are done by this one, other chemicals in the reaction groups cause the shape changes (unpredictable think ugly ribbon)

Quaternary Structure - two pieces of protein are made separately as subunits (polypeptide chain) or preformed subunits put together to form protein

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8
Q

What are the components of Nucleotides (3)

A

Pentose Sugar
Nitrogenous Base
Phosphate Group

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9
Q

What are the steps in Aerobic Cellular Respiration? (3)

A

Glycolysis (in cytoplasm)
Matrix Reactions (in matrix)
Electron Transport Chain (Inner Mitochondrial Membrane)

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10
Q

Cell Theory (2)

A

Everything that is alive is made of at least one cell

Cells come form pre-existing cells

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11
Q

Nucleus

A

Organelle, DNA located here

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12
Q

Ribosome

A

Tiny little organelle floating around cytoplasm job is PROTEIN SYNTHESIS/ MAKE protein

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13
Q

Mitochondria

A

Energy production ATP Power plant of cell, organelle

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14
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Watery juice where everything swims, GLYCOLYSIS occurs here

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15
Q

Membrane

A

Skin of cell, PHOSPHOLIPID Bilayer

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16
Q

Lysosome

A

little bag of enzymes (proteins - amino acids)

17
Q

Na+/K+ Pump (ATP - ase)

A

Sodium Potassium Pump, made out of AMINO ACIDS from DEHYDRATION synthesis. Removes 3 sodium ions, brings in two potassium

18
Q

What are the organic compounds and their corresponding monomers? (4)

A

Protein - amino acids
Carbohydrates - monosaccharides
Lipids - fatty acids
Nucleic Acids - nucleotides

19
Q

Purines “Pure as Gold”

A

Adenine and Guanine

20
Q

Pyrimidines

A

Cytosine, Thymine, and Uracil

21
Q

Proton Motive Force (PMF)

A

Hydrogens being put out from NADH, note PMF is located in the INTER membrane space and is composed of HYDROGEN

22
Q

Final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration?

A

Oxygen

Anatomy and Physiology (3 decks)

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