Exam 1 Flashcards
What are the 7 steps of the communication process?
Speaker Message Channel Listener Feedback Interference Situation
Compare and contrast public speaking and everyday conversation?
Feedback adapted to.
Stories told for maximum impact.
Logically organize thought
Messages tailored to audience.
What is ethnocentrism?
Believing one’s group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures
How should we deal with nervousness (stage fright) when delivering a speech?
Prepare
Practice
Think positively
Define positive nervousness
Controlled nervousness that helps energize a speaker for his or her presentation
What are the guidelines for ethical speech making?
Make ethnically sound goals
Be fully prepared
Be honest
Avoid name calling
Put principles into practice
List and explain the different types of plagiarism.
Patchwork plagiarism- stealing ideas, language from two or three sources and passing them off as one’s own.
Incremental plagiarism- failing to give credit for parts of speech borrowed from others
Global plagiarism- stealing speech from single source, passing it off as one’s own.
What is nonverbal communication?
Based on use of voice, body
What are the guidelines for listening?
Be courteous, attentive
Avoid prejudging speaker
Maintain free expression of ideas
Compare and contrast denotative and connotative meaning.
Denotative- literal, dictionary meaning of word or phrase
Connotative- meaning suggested by associations or emotions triggered by word or phrase
List and explain the main parts of a speech.
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
What are the criteria for each part of a speech?
Introduction- gain attention, establish ETHOS, Reveal topic, Thesis statement
Body- select effective method of organization, limit and focus number of points, include transition statements
Conclusion- signal end, reinforce thesis statement, end on strong note
Define credibility and goodwill.
Credibility- perception of speakers qualifications
Goodwill- perception of whether speaker has best interests of audience in mind
List and define the two styles of endings.
Crescendo ending
Dissolve ending
List and explain the different methods of delivery.
Manuscript- written out fully, read to audience
Impromptu- little or no immediate preparation
Memorization- commit to memory
Extemporaneous- carefully prepared and rehearsed, presented from brief note
What are the two types of outlines typically used in public speaking?
Preparation outline
Speaking outline
Explain the criteria for each type of outline.
Preparation outline- detailed outline developed during speech preparation
Speaking outline- brief outline to jog memory during presentation
Why is outlining so important in public speaking.
It helps to guide and organize the speech
List and define their strategic organizational patterns.
Preparation- cover page, 3-5 pages of work, references
Speaking- use visual framework of prep. outline, make legible, keep brief, include delivery cues
What are connectives?
Transition
Internal preview
Internal summary
Signpost
Define transitions
Indicates speaker has finished one thought and is moving to another.
Define signposts.
Brief statement showing where speaker is and/or focusing attention on key ideas
