Exam 1 Flashcards
What is the trick for determining the mechanical advantage for a block and tackle?
(advantage) # of sheaves + 1
Defn: A winding of small stuff, rope, canvas, etc used to prevent chafing of a line
Chafing gear
What is a bowline knot used for?
Forms a temporary eye
A line that is less than 1 3/4” in circumference is referred to as what?
“Small stuff”
Wire is described by the number of ________ X the number of __________ ____ _________
Strands, Wires per strand
________ or ________ is the term used for lubricating wire rope.
Sluicing, slushing
What is a sheet bend used for?
To attach two different size lines together
Defn: A piece of line used to secure and object
Lashing
Name (4) types of stitches:
- Round stitch - Baseball stitch - Flat stitch - Herringbone stitch
List, in order of seniority, the members of the Engineering department of ship?
- Chief Engineer - 2nd Assistant Engineer - 3rd Assistant Engineer - Wiper/Oiler
What does TEU stand for?
Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit
What is a clove hitch used for?
Secure halyards and can secure line around a pole
COLREGS stands for what?
International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea
A Carrick Bend is used to?
To join two hawsers together
The nuts of bulldog grips should be tightened until the u-bolt ________ into the wire.
Bites
A block and tackle is said to be rigged to advantage when pulling on the _________ _______.
The moving block
Defn: A block that can be opened at the hook or shackle end to receive a bight of the line
Snatch Block
What does COLREGS establish?
“Rules of the Road”
What is another name for canvas?
Duck
When splicing cargo wire, how many tucks must be used?
5 tucks
MARPOL stands for what?
International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships
Defn: Part of the falls that are secured to a block
Standing Part
What does TEU and FEU are terms used to standardize what?
cargo container sizes
Defn: Knot used to tie line to a ring, spar, or post
A hitch
What are (3) crucial steps to take before using a chain fall?
- Inspect the equipment 2. Mount the block to a point that is approved for the lift 3. Ensure the area is clear of people
Defn: Part of the falls that are hauled on by hand or winch
Hauling Part
What is the formula for computing the Power of a block and tackle set up, accounting for friction?
P/W = (1+(.10 x # of sheaves)) / T.M.A
What are (3) types of shackles?
- Safety shackle 2. Flush head shackle 3. Eye screw shackle
At least one of the two rest periods within a 24-hour timeframe should be at least _______ in length and the interval between the periods of rest should not exceed ______ hours
6 hours / 14 hours
List, in order of seniority, the members of the Steward’s department of ship?
- Chief Steward - Chief Cook - Assistants
Defn: The portion of a line that does not move when tying a knot
The standing part
Does nylon float?
No
Identify 3 types of ship watch schedules:
3-watch sched: 4-on / 8-off
2- watch sked: 12-on / 12-off
Square-6 sked: 6-on / 6-off
If one tackle is bent onto another tackle, how does one identify the mechanical advantage of the whole?
By multiplying the individual M.A. of the two tackles together. Ex. = (M.A. #1) x (M.A. #2)
Defn: To cover a rope with small stuff
Serving
How much of a wire rope will a visual inspection cover of the whole rope?
only 20%
Defn: A rope used to hoist other objects
Halyard
List, in order of seniority, the members of the Deck department of ship?
- Captain - Chief Mate - 2nd Mate - 3rd Mate - Bosun - AB - OS
A back splice is used to?
Prevent the end of a line from fraying
Warning signs of an impending line parting? (4)
- broken fibers - extreme wear/age - heat damage - compression
Defn: A large line used for mooring - usually 5” or greater in circumference
Hawser
Types of natural fiber line: (3)
Manila, Cotton, Hemp
Defn: When two blocks touch and cannot be hauled any further
Two-blocked
A wire rope should be replaced if what percentage of its individual wires along the length of one lay are broken?
4%
How often should wire diameter be measured as part of a maintenance program?
Every month
What are (2) types of stoppers discussed in class?
- West Coast stopper 2. Chinese stopper
Hours of rest may be divided into no more than _____ periods in any _____ hour period?
2 / 24
NOT ON FINAL: What is the formula for the breaking strain of rope in lbs?
B = 900 x C^2
NOT ON FINAL: What is the formula for the breaking strain of rope in tons?
B = C^2 / 2.5
Defn: A ring of rope or metal used as an eye on a sheet of canvas.
Grommet
How many tucks are required for a Short Splice to be considered secure?
3
One of the only ways to determine if the interior portion of a wire rope is damaged is to do what?
Listen for breaks in the wire rope when it is bent.
Defn: An open loop in a piece of line
A bight
What are (3) types of line construction?
- twisted - braided - plaited
What is the formula to determine the Safe Working Load (SWL)?
SWL = B / SF
IMO stands for what?
International Maritime Organization
Defn: To pass rope through the sheaves of a block
Reave / Rove
What does FYSL refer to in reference to rope?
Fiber-Yarn-Strand-Line
What is the ROT regarding the length of a wooden block compared to the rope being used?
3x’s the circumference of the rope
How long does it usually take to acclimate to a new circadian rhythm?
1 week
Crew members are required to maintain a _______ _______ during a voyage.
Rest log
Nylon will stretch how much under tension?
40% of its length and return
Defn: A tapered wooden pin used to separate the strands when splicing
Fid
Defn: A strong heavy cotton cloth typically used on ships
Canvas
A French bowline is used as a________.
safety sling
Defn: Rope part of tackle
Falls
What is a disadvantage of cotton line? (1)
Does not tolerate abrasion well
When using bulldog grips, where must the saddle of the grips be placed?
On the weight bearing part
What happens to Manila line when it gets wet?
It shrinks and will weaken with use
Defn: A small light tackle with blocks of steel or wood that is used for miscellaneous small jobs
Handy Billy
Defn: When a line becomes jammed or tangled
Fouled
Defn: to allow rope or chain to run out
Veer
What is a relatively new type of synthetic line that is replacing wire rope in some uses?
High Modulus Polyethylene
Defn: to layout a line in a straight line, then turn back a loop and continue to lay out straight
Fake down
The _______ (more / less) wires in a strand the _________ (more / less) flexible the entire wire will be.
More, More
What are some advantages of cotton line? (3)
- easily painted - fairly UV resistant - very soft and flexible
Defn: Term for when a tackle has its two blocks drawn together as close as possible.
Chockablock
Natural fiber lines are treated with what during manufacturing?
Oil
SOLAS stands for what?
Safety Of Life At Sea
Chains do not _________ appreciably under normal loadings but a chain must be checked during a voyage as they might ________.
Stretch, shift
When conducting a lift with a sling, lift angles of _______ degrees or more should be avoided.
30 degrees
Defn: The lowest most point on a vessel, below the engineering spaces that collects fuel and other liquids
Bilge
Defn: a line with one end secured to a fixed object that is used to hold the mooring line while it is being fixed to a bitt
Stopper
What does FEU stand for?
Forty-foot Equivalent Unit
According to the CFR’s, what is the minimum period of rest required for a crewmember to get in a 24-hour period?
10 hours
What is the rating system for canvas? Heaviest to Lightest
No.1 (heavy) No.12 (lightest)
Defn: A direction across the width of the vessel
Athwartships
How long should crew members be allowed to maintain the same work schedule before being switched to another?
2 weeks
Defn: to make a small circle with a line and continue to lay a line outward into larger circles
Flemish
Name the (3) most frequently used types of hooks in cargo-handling:
- New York 2. Liverpool 3. Seattle
Defn: Term for fuel storage on ship or for fuel
Bunkers
Defn: Knot used to tie the ends of two lines together
A bend
A short splice is used for what?
connecting two lines
Wire rope is constructed of _________ twisted together and _________ are composed of individual ________
Strands / Strands / Wires
Wire will _________ (increase / decrease) in diameter over time.
Decrease
What is the ditty to remember how to use bulldog grips?
“Never saddle a dead horse”
According to STCW standards, what is the required amount of rest required withing a 7-day period?
77 hours of rest
What are (2) common splices to use with wire rope?
Liverpool and locking splice
