Exam 1 Flashcards
Goldstein & 3 elements
Problem-Oriented-Policing
- problems must be defined more specifically
- information should be collected from sources outside the agency
- need broad searches for solution
Kelling & Bratton
how zero-tolerance policy brought about a decrease in problems in the subway.
Cowper
How police and the public have false assumptions regarding military policing styles;
explain what is expected at hire, and what rights and responsibilities come with the job
Skolnic & Fyfe
2 problems
4 solutions
how police brutality ruins relationships between the police and the communicated.
- police are isolated by the community
- police have soldier-like attitudes
- Implement administrative reforms
- Inform civilians of their right to prosecute
- Instill a police review board
- change police department policies
Problem-Oriented Policing: Theorist 3 elements 2 committees *
(Goldstein)
- define problems more specifially
- information should be collected from outside the agency
- broad searches for a solution
- Baltimore COPE - (committee)
- Newport News PD - (police officers)
* Proactive
Zero-Tolerance Policing: researchers and cons
decreases some crime, but not all
increase in police brutality
assumes law is neutral
Hot spot policing and cons
uses location and time of day to track crimes (GIS)
x - people move (displacement)
x - decreases community contact
x - limited patrol
community policing and cons
natural, ties community & policing
x- not historically accurate
x - debate whether the tie should exist
military-style policing:
Theorist
maintains professional contact w/o control
more individualized
x-military should not equal law enforcement
x-military should not be aggressive
Sherman experiment
Domestic violence
- categories: arrest, mediation, and separation-
- most effective = arrest
- predicts reoccurrence of DV in couples
- use structure discretion, education, research, new methods, warrantless arrest and arrest absent offenders
Who is associated with Technical and who is associated with Institution
T: Goldstein, Sherman
I: Skolnick & Fyfe
4 Theories of criminology
biological (physically inferior)
psychological (mentally inferior)
rational choice (cost-benefit)
sociological (human nature)
3 elements of sociological theory of crime
- maintains control (humans are bad; helps decrease crime
- strain (humans are bad; strain –> deviance
- Cultural deviance (humans are blank slate; behavior <– surroundings
Crime Policies (RIDRR)
retribution incapacitation deterrence restitution rehabilitation
liberal realism is to
rehab
who influence policy?
media, politicians, citizens,
who makes policy
government
judges
quasi-judicial regulatory agency (ex: FDA)
citizens
conservative realism
retribution
solutions to reduce social inequality and impoverishment
- increase minimum wage
- increase wage for women
- have better jobs
- promote good family policies
common excuses given to explain America’s failure to control crime
- we are too soft
- cost of modern life
- youth is irresponsible
known sources of crime
- poverty
- incarceration (2/3 recidivate)
- drug addiction
exclusionary concept
?
policy
guide to thinking for police officers
procedure
guide to action for police officers
rule
mandate to action for police officers
5 reasons the military and police are similar
- force upon society
- organize resources to resolve crises
- problem-solving strategies and techniques
- ?
- ?
Value driven behaviors
increase frequency
decrease risk
control
decrease frequency
increase risk
Buerger and police roles (9)
- prevent crime and disorder w/o force
- public approval and respect
- respect to public and cooperate w/ them
- no excessive force
- obey law whether it’s justice or not; friend ship to wealthy and poor
- force when persuasion, advice, and warning don’t work
- public helps police and police help public
- refrain from judging guilt
- police efficiency is seen when there is no crime
store front, foot patrol, and neighborhood watch are all examples of
community policing
Less than half of all crimes come from __% percent of neighborhoods
?
___ is a type of community policing
?
what is the mission of police
?
inclusion
low income housing
what part of the government impacts policy
judicial branch
how media and companies influence policy
they tell the public what to worry about
pyrric defeat
society benefits from deviance (Durkheim): deterred from crime and people learn from arrest
hot spot police crackdowns are ___
Well-planned?
Mastrofski et. al (2010)
community policing takes a long time to implement (20 years) and police are more comfortable doing it themselves
Reactive
force phone calls
control discretion
proactive
force community policing
control discretion
