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Physical Activity and Health > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is physical activity?

A

not sedentary behavior, bodily movement

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2
Q

What is exercise?

A

a planned and structured physical behavior

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3
Q

What is fitness?

A

an attribute resulting from regular exercise

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4
Q

What is disease?

A

abnormal or loss of function of cells + organ systems of the body

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5
Q

What is health?

A

complete state of mental, physical, and social well-being

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6
Q

Whats the difference between medicine and public health?

A

medicine treats individuals, public health prevents populations

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7
Q

What is mortality?

A

death

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8
Q

What is morbidity?

A

the rate of incidence of a particular disease

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9
Q

What is epidemiology?

A

study of patterns of health and disease in a population

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10
Q

What is incidence?

A

a new occurrence of an outcome

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11
Q

What is prevalence?

A

function of incidence and duration

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12
Q

How do you calculate incidence/prevalence rate?

A

number of cases/average population size

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13
Q

What is relative risk?

A

ratio of the probability of the event occurring in the exposed group vs. a non-exposed group

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14
Q

How do you calculate relative risk?

A

Subtract by 1 and then the decimal is the percentage

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15
Q

What is measuring physical activity important?

A

determine levels of PA in populations and how they change, to implement programs to increase PA, to figure out what parts of PA are important to health

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16
Q

What is energy expenditure important to get activity levels?

A

to understand the requirements for rest and exercise

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17
Q

What is energy expenditure?

A

amount of energy a person uses daily to complete all activities

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18
Q

What are the 3 things that determine total daily energy expenditure?

A

thermic effect of feeding and physical activity, and resting metabolic rate

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19
Q

What are things that influence resting metabolic rate?

A

body surface area, growth, genre, stress, age, thyroid

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20
Q

What does direct calorimetry measure?

A

body heat loss

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21
Q

What does indirect calorimetry measure?

A

O2 consumption

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22
Q

What does doubly-ladled water measure?

A

free-living metabolic rate

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23
Q

What is the gold standard for measuring resting metabolic rate?

A

doubly labeled water

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24
Q

What’s the biggest weakness of doubly labeled water?

A

EXPENSIVE!

25
What are METs?
energy expenditure at rest/resting metabolic rate
26
What are the two things directly related with METs?
oxygen consumption and energy expenditure
27
How many METs are considered light intensity?
1.1-2.9 METs
28
How many METs are considered moderate intensity?
3-6 METs
29
How many METs are considered vigorous intensity?
6.1-9 METs
30
How many METs are considered vigorous intensity?
greater than 9 METs
31
What groups have a lower RMR?
older, overweight, women, lower muscle mass
32
What are the two ways to assess PA?
subjective and objective
33
What are some subjective ways to assess PA?
diary, reports, recall
34
What are the 5 things a self report will measure?
frequency, intensity, type, duration, context
35
What are advantages of self report?
easy, inexpensive, suitable for large populations, provides context
36
What are disadvantages of self-report?
invalid, limited, people pay lie, people may forget
37
What is the IPAQ questionnaire?
standardized questionnaire that prevalence of physical activity can be compared worldwide
38
What is the gold standard for monitoring children and adolescents behavior?
direct observation
39
What information can you get from direct observation?
duration, intensity, posture, context
40
What are advantages of direct observation?
detailed, accurate, assesses free-living activity and is valid
41
What are disadvantages of direct observation?
not for large populations, can cause client to react, time consuming, extensive
42
What does a pedometer do
measures steps per day
43
What are advantages of pedometers?
objective and easy
44
What are disadvantages of pedometers?
doesn't direct intensity, steps/min
45
What is an accelerometer?
measures body movement interns of acceleration
46
What are advantages of accelerometers?
easy, provides data on intensity and movement
47
What id accuracy?
towards the goal you want (the middle of the target)
48
What is precise?
in the same general area (may not be near the middle of the target but all points are near each other)
49
What is cardiorespiratory fitness?
ability to sustain work or a long period of time
50
How is cardiorespiratory fitness measured?
VO2 max
51
What is the gold standard for measuring VO2 Max?
maximal oxygen consumption test
52
What are 3 field tests to measure cardiorespiratory fitness?
timed 1 mile, step test, non-exercise prediction equation
53
What are the advantages of the VO2 max test?
objective, accurate
54
What are the disadvantages of the VO2 max test?
special, expensive equipment, high level of motivation from subject is vital
55
What is a cross sectional study?
a study that determines two things at the same time
56
What is a case/control study?
there's one group that has a condition and one group that does not
57
What is a cohort study?
follows over time, no disease to start
58
What is a randomized/control study?
a study where it is randomized and there is a treatment over time

Physical Activity and Health (2 decks)

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