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Physical Activity and Health > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is physical activity?

A

not sedentary behavior, bodily movement

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2
Q

What is exercise?

A

a planned and structured physical behavior

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3
Q

What is fitness?

A

an attribute resulting from regular exercise

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4
Q

What is disease?

A

abnormal or loss of function of cells + organ systems of the body

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5
Q

What is health?

A

complete state of mental, physical, and social well-being

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6
Q

Whats the difference between medicine and public health?

A

medicine treats individuals, public health prevents populations

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7
Q

What is mortality?

A

death

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8
Q

What is morbidity?

A

the rate of incidence of a particular disease

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9
Q

What is epidemiology?

A

study of patterns of health and disease in a population

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10
Q

What is incidence?

A

a new occurrence of an outcome

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11
Q

What is prevalence?

A

function of incidence and duration

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12
Q

How do you calculate incidence/prevalence rate?

A

number of cases/average population size

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13
Q

What is relative risk?

A

ratio of the probability of the event occurring in the exposed group vs. a non-exposed group

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14
Q

How do you calculate relative risk?

A

Subtract by 1 and then the decimal is the percentage

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15
Q

What is measuring physical activity important?

A

determine levels of PA in populations and how they change, to implement programs to increase PA, to figure out what parts of PA are important to health

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16
Q

What is energy expenditure important to get activity levels?

A

to understand the requirements for rest and exercise

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17
Q

What is energy expenditure?

A

amount of energy a person uses daily to complete all activities

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18
Q

What are the 3 things that determine total daily energy expenditure?

A

thermic effect of feeding and physical activity, and resting metabolic rate

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19
Q

What are things that influence resting metabolic rate?

A

body surface area, growth, genre, stress, age, thyroid

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20
Q

What does direct calorimetry measure?

A

body heat loss

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21
Q

What does indirect calorimetry measure?

A

O2 consumption

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22
Q

What does doubly-ladled water measure?

A

free-living metabolic rate

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23
Q

What is the gold standard for measuring resting metabolic rate?

A

doubly labeled water

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24
Q

What’s the biggest weakness of doubly labeled water?

A

EXPENSIVE!

25
Q

What are METs?

A

energy expenditure at rest/resting metabolic rate

26
Q

What are the two things directly related with METs?

A

oxygen consumption and energy expenditure

27
Q

How many METs are considered light intensity?

A

1.1-2.9 METs

28
Q

How many METs are considered moderate intensity?

A

3-6 METs

29
Q

How many METs are considered vigorous intensity?

A

6.1-9 METs

30
Q

How many METs are considered vigorous intensity?

A

greater than 9 METs

31
Q

What groups have a lower RMR?

A

older, overweight, women, lower muscle mass

32
Q

What are the two ways to assess PA?

A

subjective and objective

33
Q

What are some subjective ways to assess PA?

A

diary, reports, recall

34
Q

What are the 5 things a self report will measure?

A

frequency, intensity, type, duration, context

35
Q

What are advantages of self report?

A

easy, inexpensive, suitable for large populations, provides context

36
Q

What are disadvantages of self-report?

A

invalid, limited, people pay lie, people may forget

37
Q

What is the IPAQ questionnaire?

A

standardized questionnaire that prevalence of physical activity can be compared worldwide

38
Q

What is the gold standard for monitoring children and adolescents behavior?

A

direct observation

39
Q

What information can you get from direct observation?

A

duration, intensity, posture, context

40
Q

What are advantages of direct observation?

A

detailed, accurate, assesses free-living activity and is valid

41
Q

What are disadvantages of direct observation?

A

not for large populations, can cause client to react, time consuming, extensive

42
Q

What does a pedometer do

A

measures steps per day

43
Q

What are advantages of pedometers?

A

objective and easy

44
Q

What are disadvantages of pedometers?

A

doesn’t direct intensity, steps/min

45
Q

What is an accelerometer?

A

measures body movement interns of acceleration

46
Q

What are advantages of accelerometers?

A

easy, provides data on intensity and movement

47
Q

What id accuracy?

A

towards the goal you want (the middle of the target)

48
Q

What is precise?

A

in the same general area (may not be near the middle of the target but all points are near each other)

49
Q

What is cardiorespiratory fitness?

A

ability to sustain work or a long period of time

50
Q

How is cardiorespiratory fitness measured?

A

VO2 max

51
Q

What is the gold standard for measuring VO2 Max?

A

maximal oxygen consumption test

52
Q

What are 3 field tests to measure cardiorespiratory fitness?

A

timed 1 mile, step test, non-exercise prediction equation

53
Q

What are the advantages of the VO2 max test?

A

objective, accurate

54
Q

What are the disadvantages of the VO2 max test?

A

special, expensive equipment, high level of motivation from subject is vital

55
Q

What is a cross sectional study?

A

a study that determines two things at the same time

56
Q

What is a case/control study?

A

there’s one group that has a condition and one group that does not

57
Q

What is a cohort study?

A

follows over time, no disease to start

58
Q

What is a randomized/control study?

A

a study where it is randomized and there is a treatment over time

Physical Activity and Health (2 decks)

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