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Poultry Production > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

FCR

A

Feed conversion ratio; units of feed/units of weight gained

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2
Q

Vertical integration

A

Coordination of various stages in production process

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3
Q

Main benefit of vertical integration

A

Better quality control

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4
Q

Biggest expenses for integrators & growers

A

Feed, energy, respectively

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5
Q

Time eggs spend in hatchery

A

21 days

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6
Q

Time broilers spend on grow out farms & desired ending weight

A

38-42 days; 4.1 lbs

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7
Q

Challenges to poultry production

A 
Cost of feed
Technology necessities
Waste disposal
Viral & bacterial influences on health
Labor
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8
Q

2 main housing types and which is better?

A

Double deck and clear span; clear span because it’s easier to clean & ventilate

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9
Q

Strictly negative pressure ventilation

A

Fresh air, removes moisture, minimizes heat loss

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10
Q

Tunnel ventilation system

A

Wind tunnel creation, causes wind chill effect on birds

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11
Q

Forced air heating system

A

100% hot air, no zones of temperature

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12
Q

Radiant heating system

A

90% infrared heat to floor, 10% hot air; zones of temp & uses less fuel; burns in an exchanger

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13
Q

Pancake heating system

A

40% infrared heat, 60% hot air; zones of temp but produces CO2 & water vapor; burns as open flame

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14
Q

3 steps to managing risk of infection & outbreak

A

Look for signs, report sick birds, protect your flock

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15
Q

Carriage

A

Manner of bearing the body

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16
Q

Plumage

A

Feathers of a bird

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17
Q

Hackle

A

Long, narrow feather on the neck or saddle of bird

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18
Q

Bantam

A

1/4 to 1/5 the weight of large breeds of poultry

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19
Q

Brood

A

To sit on/incubate eggs

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20
Q

The first chicken imported to US

A

Red Jungle Fowl

21
Q

Breed

A

Group of related chickens with same general size, shape, & carriage

22
Q

How are large & bantam breeds subdivided into classes?

A

Large - by place of origin

Bantam - by certain physical characteristics

23
Q

Variety

A

Based on color typically, but also on feather placement or comb style

24
Q

Strain

A

Related family of birds bred with emphasis on a trait of appearance or performance

25
Q

2 main strain companies

A 
Cobb 500 (Tyson)
Ross 308 (Aviagen)
26
Q

Most efficient meat strains for growth

A

Cross between Cornish & Plymouth Rock

27
Q

Broiler/fryer weight range

A

3.5-5 lbs

28
Q

Roaster weight range

A

6-8 lbs

29
Q

Cornish game hen

A

4 week old Rock-Cornish hybrid

30
Q

Game & ornamental bird breeds

A

Guinea fowl, quail, partridge, pheasant, peafowl, swan

31
Q

Oxidative phosphorylation

A

Production of ATP thru aerobic respiration

32
Q

Preen

A

To make oneself smooth/glossy

33
Q

Xanthophyll

A

Neutral yellow to orange carotenoid pigments

34
Q

Carotenoids

A

Yellow to red pigments found widely in plants & animals

35
Q

Pneumatic

A

Having air-filled cavities

36
Q

Functions of feathers

A 
Protection from elements 
Regulate body temp
Streamline body for flight
Camouflage from predators 
Attract others of same species
37
Q

Quill

A

Feathers on wings & tail

38
Q

Contour

A

Outer feathers covering wings & body

39
Q

Plumule

A

Feathers that lie next to the body, are fluffy, help regulate temp

40
Q

Filoplume

A

Small, hairlike feathers located close to body

41
Q

Molting

A

Dropping remaining feathers & growing a new set

42
Q

Batching & mixing

A

Homogenous mixture, uniform distribution of ingredients

43
Q

Mixer CV

A

Coefficient of variation; determines mixer time; less than 10 is best

44
Q

Conditioning

A

Raising mash to a cooking temp, basically baking, using steam, for 5-90 seconds

45
Q

Pelleting

A

Extrusion of conditioned mash through pellet die

46
Q

Cooling

A

Remove moisture & heat, hardens pellets, retains nutrients

47
Q

FSMA

A

Food safety modernization act

48
Q

Managing controls/prevention steps

A

Monitoring
Corrective actions
Verification
Validation

Poultry Production (2 decks)

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