Exam 1

Question 1

Benzodiazepines uses

Answer 1

Insomnia
Anxiety
Status epilepticus seizes
Muscle spasms

Question 2

Benzodiazepines side effects

Answer 2

Drowsiness
Dizziness 
Confusion
Anxiety
Toxicity 
Withdrawal

Question 3

Non-Benzodiazepines prototype

Answer 3

Zolpidem (Ambien)

Question 4

Non-Benzodiazepines uses

Answer 4

Short term treatment of Insomnia

Question 5

Non-Benzodiazepines side effects

Answer 5

Dizziness, Drowsiness, anxiety, confusion, diplopia (double vision), headache, amnesia

Question 6

Non-Benzodiazepines instructions

Answer 6

Take before bed

Take on an empty stomach

Question 7

Non-Benzodiazepines contraindications

Answer 7

Suicidal ideation

Question 8

Benzodiazepines instructions

Answer 8

Take before bed

Question 9

Benzodiazepines contraindications

Answer 9

Glaucoma

Question 10

Centrally Acting Relaxants prototype

Answer 10

Baclofen (Lioresal)

Question 11

Centrally Acting Relaxants uses

Answer 11

Relieve muscle spasms due to:
Spinal cord injury
Cerebral Palsy
Multiple Sclerosis 
Musculoskeletal injury

Question 12

Centrally Acting Relaxants side effects

Answer 12

Drowsiness and dizziness early in treatment, constipation, nausea, withdrawal

Question 13

Centrally Acting Relaxants instructions

Answer 13

Take with food or milk

Question 14

Centrally Acting Relaxants interactions

Answer 14

Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) and MAOIs cause hypertensive crisis

Question 15

Benzodiazepines prototype

Answer 15

Diazepam (Valium)

Question 16

Peripherally Acting Muscle Relaxants prototype

Answer 16

Dantrolene (Dantrium)

Question 17

Peripherally Acting Muscle Relaxants uses

Answer 17

Relax skeletal muscle spasms related to:
Cerebrovascular accident
Spinal cord injury
Multiple sclerosis
Cerebral Palsy
Prevent and treat malignant hyperthermia

Question 18

Peripherally Acting Muscle Relaxants side/adverse effects

Answer 18

Muscle weakness, drowsiness, dizziness, diarrhea, liver toxicity

Question 19

Peripherally Acting Muscle Relaxants instructions

Answer 19

Avoid driving and activities that require mental alertness, CNS depressants (alcohol)

Question 20

Peripherally Acting Muscle Relaxants contraindications

Answer 20

Liver disease

Question 21

Peripherally Acting Muscle Relaxants interactions

Answer 21

CNS depressants such as alcohol increase the risk of severe sedation, calcium channel blockers increase risk of severe cardiac dysrhythmias,
Estrogen use

Question 22

Hydantoins prototype

Answer 22

Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Question 23

Hydantoins uses

Answer 23

Tonic-Clonic seizures

Partial seizures

Question 24

Hydantoins side/adverse effects

Answer 24

Mild drowsiness and other CNS effects,
Gingival hyperplasia,
Skin Rash,
Withdrawal symptoms

Question 25

Hydantoins instructions

Answer 25

• Do not drive or perform other hazardous activities if experiencing CNS depressant effects.
• Brush teeth with soft-bristled toothbrush, massage guns, and floss
• Do not stop taking phenytoin abruptly

Question 26

Hydantoins contraindications

Answer 26

• Bradycardia or heart block
• Seizures caused by low blood sugar
• Previous allergy

Question 27

Hydantoins interactions

Answer 27

IV Phenytoin is Incompatible in solution with other drugs and dextrose solution

Alcohol
CNS depressants

Question 28

Valproic Acid prototype

Answer 28

Valproic Acid (Depakote)

Question 29

Valproic Acid uses

Answer 29

• all seizure types
• maina associated with bipolar disorder
• migraine headache (prevention)

Question 30

Valproic Acid side/adverse effects

Answer 30

• Gastrointestinal upset
• Bruising, bleeding, prolonged bleeding, decreased platelets
• skin rash
• liver toxicity
• hyperammonemia

Question 31

Iminostilbenes prototype

Answer 31

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

Question 32

Iminostilbenes uses

Answer 32

• Partial seizures
• Tonic-Clonic seizures
• Bipolar disorder
• Trigeminal neuralgia

Question 33

Iminostilbenes side effects

Answer 33

• visual disturbances (headache, ataxia, nystagmus, blurred vision)
• decreased excretion of water (fluid retention)
• skin rash
• bone marrow suppression

Question 34

Iminostilbenes instructions

Answer 34

• begin with a low dose and gradually increase
• take at bedtime
• no driving
• use sunscreen/ limit sun exposure

Question 35

Iminostilbenes contraindications

Answer 35

Hematologic disorders

Heart failure

Question 36

Iminostilbenes interactions

Answer 36

Grapefruit juice

Effectiveness of oral contraceptions

Question 37

Valproic Acid contraindications

Answer 37

Liver disorder
Thrombocytopenia
Hyperammonemia

Question 38

Valproic Acid instructions

Answer 38

Monitor bleeding time, and platelet count. Monitor blood ammonia levels.
Ensure patient takes lowest effective dose

Question 39

Valproic acid interactions

Answer 39

Topiramate (Topamax) increases risk for hyperammonemia

Question 40

Drugs for seizures

Answer 40

• Benzodiazepines (Diazepam)
• Hydantoins (Phenytoin)
• Iminostilbenes (Carbamazepine)
• Valproic Acid (valproic acid)

Question 41

Drugs for sleep disorders

Answer 41

• Benzodiazepines (Diazepam )

- Non-Benzodiazepines (Zolpidem)

Question 42

Drugs for muscle spasms

Answer 42

• Centrally acting muscle relaxants (Baclofen)

- Peripherally acting muscle relaxants ( Dantrolene)

Question 43

Drugs for anesthesia

Answer 43

• Local Anesthesia (Lidocaine)
• General Anesthesia/ Barbiturates (Sodium thiopental)
• General anesthesia/ Benzodiazepines (Midazolam)
• General anesthesia/ Opioids (Fentanyl)