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Defense Budget > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Director of the Army Budget, responsible for formulating the DoA budget is a staff component of:

A

Assistant Sec of the Army FM and C

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2
Q

Organizes budget data by major program

A

program budgeting

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3
Q

bases budgets on program performance

A

performance budgeting

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4
Q

assumes inflation and no change in programs

A

current services budget

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5
Q

start from scratch and reassess what you need budget

A

zero based budget

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6
Q

line item budget. tells what we are going to spend money on up front

A

object of expenditure

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7
Q

best portrays the affordibility of a nation’s investment

A

defense budget as a percent of GDP

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8
Q

common ways of portraying the size of the defense budget (3)

A
  1. constant and current dollars
  2. percent total outlays and percent discretionary outlays
  3. percent of GDP or the federal budget
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9
Q

4th Qtr. Actions

A

monitor unobligated balance’s closely

Review unfunded requirements

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10
Q

Midyear review

A
  • begin distribution of reserve funds
  • review current year execution
  • confirm adequacy of present funding
  • update UFR’s
  • re-allocate funds as required to ensure successful execution and meet emergent UFR’s
  • prepare reprogramming reuests.
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11
Q

sources of revenue for federal budget (4)

A

individual income tax 47%

Payroll Taxes 34%

Corporate Taxes 9.6%

Tariffs and other <9%

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12
Q

provides BA from Treasury to OMB

A

Warrant

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13
Q

provides BA from OMB to DoD

A

Apportionment

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14
Q

Provides BA from DoD to components

A

Allotment

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15
Q

Provides BA from Components to MAJCOMS

A

Allocation

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16
Q

Central budget office for the federal government

A

OMB

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17
Q

Defense appropriations (6)

A

Procurement

RDT&E

O&M

MILCON

MILPERS

Revolving

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18
Q

term for congressional permission to draw funds from the treasury

A

budget authority

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19
Q

Major Force Programs (11)

A
  1. Strategic
  2. GPF
  3. C2, Comms
  4. Mobility
  5. Guard and Reserve
  6. R and D
  7. Central Supply
  8. Training, medical, personnel
  9. Admin
  10. Support to other nations
  11. Specops
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20
Q

an actual expenditure of funds

A

outlay

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21
Q

rate at which budget authority is converted to obligations

A

obligation rate

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22
Q

rate at which budget authority is converted to outlays

A

expenditure rate

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23
Q

BA that has not been obligated

A

unobligated funds

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24
Q

obligated and unobligated funds that have not been expended

A

unexpended funds

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25
Q

current year BA + available prior year BA

A

TOA - total obligation authority

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26
Q

The planning phase of PPBE produces the:

A

DPPG - Defense planning and programming guidance

27
Q

the programming phase of the PPBE produces the:

A

POM - program objective memorandum

28
Q

The budget phase of PPBE produces the:

A

BES - Budget Estimation Submission

29
Q

The Execution phase of the PPBE produces:

A

Audits and reviews

30
Q

sum of nations borrowing minus all repayments is

A

national debt

31
Q

3 characteristics of appropriations

A

purpose, time, amount

32
Q

marginal impact of regressive tax is most felt by

A

lower income taxpayers

33
Q

shifting funds between programs within the same appropriation account

A

reprogramming

ATR - Above threshold, requires permission

BTR - Below threshold, pre-authorized

34
Q

shifting funds between programs in different appropriation accounts

A

transfer

35
Q

comittment to spend money, a liability

A

obligation

36
Q

payments, no longer in the TOA

A

outlays

37
Q

cancels budget authority

A

rescission

38
Q

Characteristics of the RMD (4)

A

Resource Management Decision

approve, disapprove or change service POMs/BESs

signed by DEPSECDEF

are directive

39
Q

050 “national defense” is:

A

a budget function

40
Q

measured in constant dollars

A

real growth

41
Q

measured in current dollars

A

nominal growth

42
Q

4 phases of the public budgeting

A
  1. executive preparation
  2. legislative consideration
  3. executive execution
  4. audit and evaluation
43
Q

upper limit on spending

A
44
Q

lower limit on spending

A

floor

45
Q

congress provides this through the enactment of appropriations bills

A

budget authority

46
Q

DoD’s 5 year resource and program planning document

A

FYDP organized by 11 MFPs

47
Q

beginning month of fiscal year

A

october

48
Q

power of the purse resides with

A

congress

49
Q

percent of defense spending of federal budget and discretionary portion

A

20% and 50%

50
Q

in one fiscal year, if budget outlays exceed receipts

A

deficit

51
Q

in one fiscal year, if revenue exceed expenditures

A

surplus

52
Q

how congress views defense budget

A

appropriation titles:

proc, o&m, milpers, milcon, rdt&e, revolving

53
Q

how OMB views defense budget

A

050 national defense

54
Q

how DoD views defense budget

A

11 MFPs

Strat, GPF…Specops

55
Q

Wildavsky’s function of public budgeting

Incrementalism

A

translate resources into purposes

make choices b/w competing alternatives

seek efficiences

contract among stakeholders

manage expectations

represent governement activity

establish precedent spending

56
Q

punctuated equilibrium

A

fairly stable budgets, disrupted when the status quo is broken and a new agenda is created.

9/11, 2008 financial crisis

57
Q

those years before the current year

A

PY - prior year

58
Q

the 1-2 fiscal years following the current year

A

budget years BY

59
Q

fiscal years following budget years

A

Program Years PrYs

60
Q

3 concurrent budgets at any given time

A

FY12 - budget execution

FY13 defending/adopting the budget requet

FY14 developing the budget request

61
Q

Big Three

A

Medicare - options to avoid solvency: raise eligibility, raise taxes, reduce what is paid, reduce benefits covered.

Medicaid - joint federal and state program, health insurance for low income, options: reduce federal contrib, reduce mandatory benefits, reduce additional state benefits, use lower costs and care alternatives

Social Security - survivors insurance; baby boomer effect more rx benefits than paying in

62
Q

interest paid on the federal debt in one FY

A

net intererst

63
Q
A

Defense Budget (3 decks)

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