Exam 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Ur
A
- Sumerian city state in Mesopotamia
* Ubaid period 5500-4000bc
2
Q
Uruk
A
- The first large city
- Mesopotamia
- Bronze age 3100- 1200BC
3
Q
Ziggurat
A
- Stone tower, similar to a pyramid. Sometimes a part of a temple complex.
- Bronze Age
- Found in Mesopotamia
- Symbolized power and wealth
- Built for the dead, for the spirit to live in
4
Q
Sargon of Akkad
A
- Man who was the emperor and conquered Sumerian city states
- 2350-c.2150 Akkadian Empire
- Rival of Ur
- First empire, falls to the city of Babylon 1800bce
5
Q
Hammurabi’s Code
A
- Second Intermediate Period
- In Egypt
- First set of written laws.
- Help to set order.
6
Q
Narmer
A
- King who ruled over two kingdoms, upper and lower Egypt
- In ancient Eygpt
- Dynasty zero, 3150-3050bc
- Significant because he unifies the region and develops order
7
Q
Nomes and nomarchs
A
- Old kingdom 3150-2200bc
- Located in Egypt
- People who had some rule in society (local officials, regional government.)
- Showed order and development of a functional society.
8
Q
Ma’at
A
- Concept created by the Egyptians, “the right order” renewal.
- Old kingdom, 3150-2200bce
9
Q
Dmanatio Memoria
A
• Term meaning “condemnation of memory”
• Came from ancient Rome,
• During the New Kingdom period 1570-1070
• Used with the Queen Ruler, Hatshepsut.
12. Giza
10
Q
Giza
A
- Pyramids in Egypt
- Old Kingdom
- Significant because they symbolize the power and wealth of the Egyptian empire.
11
Q
Hyksos
A
- Invaded Memphis
- Middle kingdom, 2040-1782
- Located in Egypt, 15th dynasty of ancient Egypt
- Brought the wheel, chariot, olive tree, new armor.
12
Q
Pharaoh
A
- New term developed to address rulers
* New kingdom 1570-1070 of Egypt.
13
Q
Hatshepsut
A
- First queen ruler of Egypt
- In the New Kingdom 1570-1070
- Not really into military conquest, more into travel and exploration.
- Suffered from Damnatio Memoria
14
Q
Battle of Kadesh
A
- It was a battle that was fought in Egypt New Kingdom period
- Fought till a standstill, Syria vs. Hittites.
- Significant because can now see how different aspects of military conquer one another.
15
Q
Catastrophe of 1200 BC
A
- Drew’s Thesis
- Earthquake, drought, disease, economic collapse, collapse of military conquest.
- Significance got rid of what was previously established opening up to new time period of changes.
16
Q
Hurrians
A
- Small empire, Indo-Europeans
- northern Mesopotamia
- 16th – 13th century BC
- Introduced the two wheel charioted, thus altering warfare.
- Allied with Egyptians against the Hitties, fail, and get conquered by Assyrians
17
Q
Kassites
A
- Small empire, Indo-Europeans
- Southern Mesopotamia, came from the east
- 16th -12 century BC
- Allied with Hittites and conquer Mesopotamia
- Become a subject state to the Assyrians
18
Q
Hittites
A
- Indo-European people
- Centered in Anatolia
- 1650-1200BC
- Introduced iron working in near east
- Fall with the catastrophe of 1200BC
19
Q
Hebrews
A
- Small kingdom, came out of Mesopotamia
- In Palestine, south of phenosians
- 11th century
- Enslaved by the Egyptians, out in 13th century
- Attack and evasion of Palestine
20
Q
Drews Thesis
A
- The catastrophe of 1200BC
* Over reliance on chariot warfare
21
Q
Ethical Monotheism
A
• One god creates all
22
Q
Philistines
A
- Small Kingdom, Indo-European people (sea people)
- 12th- 9th century BC
- Primary enemy of Hebrews for control over Palestine
- Hebrews win and defeat philistines
23
Q
Phoenicians
A
- Small kingdom, Indo-European, Semitic language.
- Southern part of Syria
- 12th – 9th century BC
- Great sea trading and exploring people
- First to write alphabet
24
Q
Arameans
A
- Great land traders
* Their language becomes the language of trade
25
Q
Zoroastrianism
A
- Type of religion
* Two gods one is good one is evil
26
Q
Minoans
A
- Archaic Greece period
- Economy based on buying and selling (commerce)
- Had a lot a of wealth
27
Q
Linear A and Linear B
A
- Archaic Grease period
- Writing language of the Minoans
- Linear A is translated Linear B is not.
28
Q
Mycenae
A
- 1600-1200bce, The Bronze Age
- Highly militaristic
- Kings are not divine, kept in power by providing for the population
- Literate, dependent on trade as well, citadels
- They are significant because they began to shape political and social development.
29
Q
Dark Ages
A
- The dark age was a time period in which everything was in a decline
- Trade was disrupted
- 90% of the population was gone in 400 years, people moved to the coast
- No art with people or animals, no literature.
- Significant because it left behind the old political and social life, to make room for a new social structure.
30
Q
Hoplites
A
- Archaic period (800-479BCE)
- Ancient Greek infantry soldiers
- Phalanx, military to political
- Soldiers started coming from common people changing the structure of society
31
Q
Tyrants
A
- Archaic period (800-479BCE)
- Athens
- Form of government, were a person who takes power temporarily
- Have support by appealing to the masses
- Pisistratus does this in Greece, taking power in 546-528
- Help contribute to the change in political and social order moving towards democracy
32
Q
Democracy
A
- Archaic period (800-479BCE)
- Athens
- Form of government to help even representation among the society
- Ceisthenes does this in Greece in 508
- Athens Greece if the first country to develop democracy.
33
Q
Solon
A
- Archaic period (800-479BCE)
- Athens
- Man who developed a form of aristocracy
- Political positions were open to anyone with a certain income.
- Help contribute to the change in political and social order moving towards democracy.
34
Q
Cleisthenes
A
- Men who helps develop democracy.
- Makes a radical state
- Divides the citizens and every Deme (village) had even presentation.
- Boule, 500 men make decisions, male citizens over 30 with property, serve for a year.
35
Q
Helots
A
- Slaves
- In Sparta
- Archaic Period (800-479BCE)
- Significance 75% of population was slaves therefore they did a lot of the work and freed up the Spartans to fight, and also helped because there were a lot of slave revolts.
36
Q
Rationalism
A
- Classical period, 479-336bc
- Grease
- Philosophical approach to find the rational order of the universe.
37
Q
Socrates
A
- Classical period
- Focused on ethics
- Why do people behave the way they do?
- Greece.
38
Q
Plato
A
- Classical period
- Academy at Athens
- How can we be better?
- Allegory of the cave.
39
Q
Aristotle
A
- Classical period
- Matter + form = reality
- What is humans purpose
40
Q
Hellenism
A
- Hellenistic period
- Hellenization – export of greek culture
- Syria, Egypt, Macedonia, Pergamum
