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History 101 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Ur

A
  • Sumerian city state in Mesopotamia

* Ubaid period 5500-4000bc

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2
Q

Uruk

A
  • The first large city
  • Mesopotamia
  • Bronze age 3100- 1200BC
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3
Q

Ziggurat

A
  • Stone tower, similar to a pyramid. Sometimes a part of a temple complex.
  • Bronze Age
  • Found in Mesopotamia
  • Symbolized power and wealth
  • Built for the dead, for the spirit to live in
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4
Q

Sargon of Akkad

A
  • Man who was the emperor and conquered Sumerian city states
  • 2350-c.2150 Akkadian Empire
  • Rival of Ur
  • First empire, falls to the city of Babylon 1800bce
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5
Q

Hammurabi’s Code

A
  • Second Intermediate Period
  • In Egypt
  • First set of written laws.
  • Help to set order.
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6
Q

Narmer

A
  • King who ruled over two kingdoms, upper and lower Egypt
  • In ancient Eygpt
  • Dynasty zero, 3150-3050bc
  • Significant because he unifies the region and develops order
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7
Q

Nomes and nomarchs

A
  • Old kingdom 3150-2200bc
  • Located in Egypt
  • People who had some rule in society (local officials, regional government.)
  • Showed order and development of a functional society.
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8
Q

Ma’at

A
  • Concept created by the Egyptians, “the right order” renewal.
  • Old kingdom, 3150-2200bce
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9
Q

Dmanatio Memoria

A

• Term meaning “condemnation of memory”
• Came from ancient Rome,
• During the New Kingdom period 1570-1070
• Used with the Queen Ruler, Hatshepsut.
12. Giza

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10
Q

Giza

A
  • Pyramids in Egypt
  • Old Kingdom
  • Significant because they symbolize the power and wealth of the Egyptian empire.
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11
Q

Hyksos

A
  • Invaded Memphis
  • Middle kingdom, 2040-1782
  • Located in Egypt, 15th dynasty of ancient Egypt
  • Brought the wheel, chariot, olive tree, new armor.
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12
Q

Pharaoh

A
  • New term developed to address rulers

* New kingdom 1570-1070 of Egypt.

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13
Q

Hatshepsut

A
  • First queen ruler of Egypt
  • In the New Kingdom 1570-1070
  • Not really into military conquest, more into travel and exploration.
  • Suffered from Damnatio Memoria
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14
Q

Battle of Kadesh

A
  • It was a battle that was fought in Egypt New Kingdom period
  • Fought till a standstill, Syria vs. Hittites.
  • Significant because can now see how different aspects of military conquer one another.
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15
Q

Catastrophe of 1200 BC

A
  • Drew’s Thesis
  • Earthquake, drought, disease, economic collapse, collapse of military conquest.
  • Significance got rid of what was previously established opening up to new time period of changes.
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16
Q

Hurrians

A
  • Small empire, Indo-Europeans
  • northern Mesopotamia
  • 16th – 13th century BC
  • Introduced the two wheel charioted, thus altering warfare.
  • Allied with Egyptians against the Hitties, fail, and get conquered by Assyrians
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17
Q

Kassites

A
  • Small empire, Indo-Europeans
  • Southern Mesopotamia, came from the east
  • 16th -12 century BC
  • Allied with Hittites and conquer Mesopotamia
  • Become a subject state to the Assyrians
18
Q

Hittites

A
  • Indo-European people
  • Centered in Anatolia
  • 1650-1200BC
  • Introduced iron working in near east
  • Fall with the catastrophe of 1200BC
19
Q

Hebrews

A
  • Small kingdom, came out of Mesopotamia
  • In Palestine, south of phenosians
  • 11th century
  • Enslaved by the Egyptians, out in 13th century
  • Attack and evasion of Palestine
20
Q

Drews Thesis

A
  • The catastrophe of 1200BC

* Over reliance on chariot warfare

21
Q

Ethical Monotheism

A

• One god creates all

22
Q

Philistines

A
  • Small Kingdom, Indo-European people (sea people)
  • 12th- 9th century BC
  • Primary enemy of Hebrews for control over Palestine
  • Hebrews win and defeat philistines
23
Q

Phoenicians

A
  • Small kingdom, Indo-European, Semitic language.
  • Southern part of Syria
  • 12th – 9th century BC
  • Great sea trading and exploring people
  • First to write alphabet
24
Q

Arameans

A
  • Great land traders

* Their language becomes the language of trade

25
Q

Zoroastrianism

A
  • Type of religion

* Two gods one is good one is evil

26
Q

Minoans

A
  • Archaic Greece period
  • Economy based on buying and selling (commerce)
  • Had a lot a of wealth
27
Q

Linear A and Linear B

A
  • Archaic Grease period
  • Writing language of the Minoans
  • Linear A is translated Linear B is not.
28
Q

Mycenae

A
  • 1600-1200bce, The Bronze Age
  • Highly militaristic
  • Kings are not divine, kept in power by providing for the population
  • Literate, dependent on trade as well, citadels
  • They are significant because they began to shape political and social development.
29
Q

Dark Ages

A
  • The dark age was a time period in which everything was in a decline
  • Trade was disrupted
  • 90% of the population was gone in 400 years, people moved to the coast
  • No art with people or animals, no literature.
  • Significant because it left behind the old political and social life, to make room for a new social structure.
30
Q

Hoplites

A
  • Archaic period (800-479BCE)
  • Ancient Greek infantry soldiers
  • Phalanx, military to political
  • Soldiers started coming from common people changing the structure of society
31
Q

Tyrants

A
  • Archaic period (800-479BCE)
  • Athens
  • Form of government, were a person who takes power temporarily
  • Have support by appealing to the masses
  • Pisistratus does this in Greece, taking power in 546-528
  • Help contribute to the change in political and social order moving towards democracy
32
Q

Democracy

A
  • Archaic period (800-479BCE)
  • Athens
  • Form of government to help even representation among the society
  • Ceisthenes does this in Greece in 508
  • Athens Greece if the first country to develop democracy.
33
Q

Solon

A
  • Archaic period (800-479BCE)
  • Athens
  • Man who developed a form of aristocracy
  • Political positions were open to anyone with a certain income.
  • Help contribute to the change in political and social order moving towards democracy.
34
Q

Cleisthenes

A
  • Men who helps develop democracy.
  • Makes a radical state
  • Divides the citizens and every Deme (village) had even presentation.
  • Boule, 500 men make decisions, male citizens over 30 with property, serve for a year.
35
Q

Helots

A
  • Slaves
  • In Sparta
  • Archaic Period (800-479BCE)
  • Significance 75% of population was slaves therefore they did a lot of the work and freed up the Spartans to fight, and also helped because there were a lot of slave revolts.
36
Q

Rationalism

A
  • Classical period, 479-336bc
  • Grease
  • Philosophical approach to find the rational order of the universe.
37
Q

Socrates

A
  • Classical period
  • Focused on ethics
  • Why do people behave the way they do?
  • Greece.
38
Q

Plato

A
  • Classical period
  • Academy at Athens
  • How can we be better?
  • Allegory of the cave.
39
Q

Aristotle

A
  • Classical period
  • Matter + form = reality
  • What is humans purpose
40
Q

Hellenism

A
  • Hellenistic period
  • Hellenization – export of greek culture
  • Syria, Egypt, Macedonia, Pergamum

History 101 (3 decks)

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