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New Testament > Exam #1 > Flashcards

Exam #1 Flashcards

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1
Q

5 Vertical Zones

A
  1. Coastal Plain [Caesarea, Joppa]
  2. Shephelah (Hebrew = Low) [Sorek Valley]
  3. Central Mountain Range [En Gedi]
  4. Syrian – African (Jordan) Rift
  5. Eastern Plateau [Mt Sodom]
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2
Q

Five Horizontal Zones

A
  1. Above (Upper) Galilee (wet / inaccessible)
  2. Beside (Lower) Galilee (Jesus’ home)
  3. Carmel and Jezreel (Baal)
  4. Negev (South / dry) – Below Dead Sea
  5. Desert (Wilderness ) – Peninsula
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3
Q

Four Seas

A
  1. Mediterranean Sea
  2. Sea of Galilee
  3. Dead Sea
  4. Red Sea
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4
Q

Three Continents

A
  1. Europe
  2. Asia
  3. Africa
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5
Q

Two Worlds

A
  1. Land of Honey
    a. North
    b. Less Space, More Water
    c. Life is: predictable, noisy and congested, manageable
    d. Focus on: extras, people as individuals
    e. Nominal religion
    f. Mix of Judaism and Hellenism
  2. Land of Milk
    a. South
    b. More space, less water
    c. Life is: unpredictable, silent, lonely, exhausting
    d. Focus on: essentials, people in community
    e. People are spiritual – center of Hebrew worship
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6
Q

Describe Alexander’s Empire

A

Ptolemy and Seleucus were dominate right before Jesus

Antiochus Eimanes (Seleucus) built god of Zeus in Holy of Holies and slaughtered pig as offering

Judas Maccabeus (Israel descent) revolt against Antiochus and rededicated the temple

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7
Q

Three Periods During Unsilenced Years (400 years between OT and NT)

A
  1. Maccabean Period (175-136)
    a. Judas Maccabeus: The Hammerer
    b. Rededication of the Temple (Hanukah)
    c. Festival of Dedication (John 10:22-29)
  2. Hasmonean Period (136-63)
    a. Pharisees and Sadducees come into existence
    b. Pompey and Rome
  3. Roman Period (63-135AD)
    a. Herod the Great
    i. Not fully Jewish
    ii. Puppet King
    iii. Great Builder (Temple Mount)
    b. Rome divides into three areas assigned to Herod’s sons
    c. Power over all the Mediterranean region (NT)
    d. Two Jewish Rebellions (67-70AD; 135 AD)
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8
Q

Four Functions of the Synagogue:

A 
SSWC
School
Social Interraction
Worship
Court
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9
Q

Two Important Writings

A
  1. Septuagint: Hebrew scriptures into Greek

2. Apocrypha: 1st and 2nd Maccabees

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10
Q

Biblical Criticisms

A
  1. Higher: search for text’s original words (word studies, biblical interpretation)
  2. Lower: search source (circumstances, life setting, date, place, authorship)
  3. Historical: historically accurate
  4. Textual: which reading is most original, eyewitness
  5. Source: source used by author
  6. Form: genre
  7. Redaction: editing, passage placement
  8. Tradition: uses of earlier historical traditions in writing
  9. Composition: how author composed –theology, authors, purposes
  10. Social Scientific: analysis through lens of social sciences
  11. Canonical: what books were chosen and why chosen to be accepted as canon
  12. Narrative: shaped to influence reader
  13. Reader Response: relationship between text and reader
  14. Balance view: theological interpretation
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11
Q

The Perfect Storm

A

Three Fronts
“The time had fully come”
1. Roman (Roman power; Caesar; roads; protection while travelling)
2. Jewish (Pharisees, Sanhedrin, Sadducees)
3. Wind of God
*These 3 clashed causing the perfect storm

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12
Q

Rise of the Synagogue

A
  • Synagogue = house of assembly
  • Place of worship
  • Prayer and Bible Study (no sacrifice)
  • Came out of Persian exile
  • Current w/ 2nd Temple in Jerusalem
  • Only place to worship after 70AD
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13
Q

Alexander the Great

A

• Brought change in empires
• Tutored by Aristotle
• Great memory and mind
• Crowned Pharaoh
• Wanted to unify world
o Forced 10,000 Greek soldiers to marry Persian women.
• Brought Greek culture (roads, education, physical training, democracy) to world

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14
Q

World at the end of the OT

A
  • Persia ruled
  • Hebrew
  • Semitic
  • Fertile Crescent (center)
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15
Q

World at the end of NT

A
  • Rome ruled
  • Greek
  • Hellenistic
  • Mediterranean (center)
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16
Q

Foundations of Judaism

A 
T-H-H-P-Z
•	Temple
•	Synagogue
•	Septuagint
•	Sanhedrin
•	High Priest
•	Scribes
•	Pharisees
•	Sadducees
•	Zealots
•	Herodians
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17
Q

Kerygma

A

“the message”/ “That which is preached”

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18
Q

• Pharisees name means

A

“separated ones”

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19
Q

Describe Pharisees

A 
o	Most influential and respected
o	Kept the laws of: 
	purity
	ritualism
	fasting
	tithing
o	Came from Maccabean Revolt
o	Rewards for good works
o	Oral law was important
o	Christ condemned their:
	Righteousness by works
	Covetousness
	Pride
o	Josephus was a Pharisee
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20
Q

Name a Pharisee

A

Josephus

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21
Q

• Sadducees name =

A

“righteous”

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22
Q

Describe the Sadduees

A 
o	wealthy, privileged
o	not as popular as Pharisees
o	Did the temple worship and admin. (rituals)
o	Most seats in Sanhedrin
	71 seats (Pharisees and Sadducees)
	to interpret civil and religious laws
o	Willing to incorporate Hellenism
o	Written law was important (rejected traditions)
o	Didn’t believe in after life
o	Existed in Maccabean period
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23
Q

• describe the Essenes

A

o Existed out of disgust for Sad’s and Phar’s
o Monks
o Lived near Dead Sea

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24
Q

Describe the Zealots

A

o Religious freedom fighters
o Started 6AD
o Focused on Tax Revolt

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25
• Am ha-Aretz (people of the land)
o the commoners, those people who had no political power o not a part of any particular religious group o attempted to live according to the will of God o most closely aligned with the views of the Pharisees o despised because of their lack of knowledge regarding the law and their inattention to the Jewish traditions and scholars
26
Describe the Herodians
o mostly in Galilee o Pro-Roman o Tried to trick Jesus with Pharisees
27
• Samaritans
o Jewish roots that have been intertwined with pagan roots o Rejected by Israelites for breaking the covenant o Not recognized by the Jews or Gentiles o Lived in Northern Kingdom of Israel o Denied from being allowed to help in the rebuilding of the Temple
28
How many chapters in Matthew
28
29
How many chapters in Mark
16
30
Matthew calls Jesus...
Messiah, Teacher, King, Emmanuel
31
Mark calls Jesus...
Son of God, Servant of God
32
When was Matthew written?
80-100AD
33
When was Mark written?
55-70AD
34
What was Matthews profession
Tax Collector
35
What was Mark's profession
Mark (John Mark): son of Mary of Jerusalem, cousin of Barnabas, son of Peter, servant of Paul and Barnabas, son of Peter
36
Matthew's audience
Jews
37
Mark's audience
Gentiles
38
Matthew's place of writing
Syria, Antioch of Syria
39
Mark's place of writing
Rome during period of persecution and suffering
40
Theme's of Matthew's Gospel
Jesus the fulfillment of God’s intention; Jesus the Savior of Israel and the world; Jesus the Supreme Authority; Jesus the Teacher, Preacher and Healer; the follower of Jesus and Church (new law)
41
Theme of Mark's Gospel
- The Supernatural of Jesus, the Death and Resurrection of Jesus, - the Ministry of Jesus as Servant, - Be Silent!
42
Purpose of Matthew's Gospel
Preserve what he knew about Jesus’ life and words, emphasizing the coming of Jesus as fulfilled by Scriptures of OT
43
Purpose of Mark's Gospel
Recording a description of who Jesus was and the impact he had on those who came in contact with him, recognizing Jesus’ identity as the Son of God
44
Outline of Matthew's Gospel
The Birth and Preparation of Jesus (1:1-4:16) Jesus’ Public Ministry in Galilee (4:17-16:20) Jesus’ Private Ministry in Galilee (16:21-18:35) Jesus’ Ministry in Judea (19:1-25:46) Jesus’ Passion and Resurrection (26:1-28:20)
45
Outline of Mark's Gospel
The Gospel of Jesus Christ, Son of God (1:1-15) Jesus Invades Wilderness and City with Good News (1:16-8:26) Jesus Invades the Hostile City of Jerusalem (8:27-15:47) Unfinished Epilogue (16:1-8)
46
Parables in Matthew
``` Lamp. Speck and Log New cloth on old garment Divided Kingdom The Sower Weeds among the wheat Mustard Seed Leaven Hidden Treasure Pearls of Great Price The Net The heart of Man The Lost Sheep The Unforgiving Servant Laborers in the Vineyard The Two Sons The Tenant Farmers Marriage Feast or Great Banquet The Budding Fig Tree The Faithful vs. The Wicked Servant The 10 Virgins The 10 Talents or Gold Coins ```
47
What was Jesus' response to Satan in the wilderness?
1. Man should not live on bread alone 2. Don't put God to the test 3. Worship God and serve him only
48
Who does Jesus heal?
Man with leprosy; Faith of Centurion; many; raises a dead girl (synagogue leader’s daughter) and heals a sick woman (bleeding woman), blind and mute, Beelzebul (blind and mute demon-possessed man); faith of Canaanite Woman (demon-possessed daughter); demon-possessed boy that disciples could not heal
49
Miracles of Jesus
Calms the storm; two demon-possessed men > pigs; forgives and heals a paralyzed man; Jesus feeds 5,000 (5 bread/2 fish: 12 leftover); Jesus walks on water; Jesus feeds 4,000 (7 bread/few fish: 7 leftover); 2 blind men receive sight (Jericho)
50
What do the Pharisees question Jesus about?
Fasting; Sabbath; Temple Tax (Capernaum – 2 drachma); Imperial Tax (denarius – Caesar)
51
Where was John beheaded?
Fortress of Machaerus)
52
Where did the Magi come from?
Jerusalem
53
Where did John preach?
Wilderness of Judea
54
What river does John baptize in?
Jordan river
55
When Jesus left Nazereth, where did He go?
Capernaum (area of Zebulun and Naphtali)
56
Where did Jesus call his first disciples?
Sea of Galilee
57
Who were the first disciples?
Peter and Andrew
58
Where does Peter declare Jesus as Messiah?
Caesearea Phillipi
59
Where does Jesus give Sermon on the Mount?
Galilee
60
What are some of the teaching in Sermon on Mt.
Salt and Light, Beatitudes, Worry, Prayer, Fasting, Treasures in Heaven, Giving
61
Where did we see the faith of the Centurion
Capernaum
62
Who was at the transfiguration?
Peter, James, JOhn, Jesus, Moses, Elijah
63
Where were the demon possessed men from? Pigs
Gadarenes
64
Last miracle in Jesus' home town?
Paralyzed man, sins are forgiven
65
What does Beelzebul mean?
Prince of Demons
66
Where was the healing of the Canannites womans daughter?
Tyre and Sidon
67
Where was Jesus challenged about temple tax?
Capernaum
68
Where did Jesus teach the worth of children
Judea
69
Where did Jesus commission?
Galilee
70
Where does Jesus come from when going to Jerusalem?
Mt. of Olives, Bethpage
71
How much does Judas betray Jesus for?
30 pieces of silver
72
How many bread and fish in 5000?
5 bread, 2 fish; 12 left over
73
How many bread and fish in 4000?
7 and a few; 7 left over
74
When does Jesus walk on water?
After feeding 5000
75
What is Matthew's other name?
Levi
76
Where is Jesus anointed?
Bethany; alabaster jar in Simon the lepers house
77
Religion in the NT
* Greco-Roman Pantheon * Emperor Worship * Mystery Religions * Occult * Philosophies * Judaism * Christianity
78
What parables are in Matthew but not Mark
10 virgins Speck and the Log Hidden treasure/pearl of great price Master entrusting bags of gold
79
4 Source hypothesis
Mark is the first. | Q (quelle) influences Matthew and Luke.
80
Religions in the NT
GEM COP J Greco-Roman Pantheon Emperor Worship Mystery Relig. Christianity Occult Philosophies Judaism
81
4 Main parables in Mark
Sower Lamp on a stand Growing seed Mustard Seed
82
What does Synagogue mean?
House of assembly

New Testament (4 decks)

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