Exam 1

Question 1

What is the coiled structure that sits on top of the testes and is the place where sperm matures?

Answer 1

Epididymis

Question 2

Which term refers to the penis and scrotum?

Answer 2

External genitals (genitalia)

Question 3

Which structure carries both urine and sperm?

Answer 3

Urethra

Question 4

Which cells secrete testosterone?

Answer 4

Interstitial Cells

Question 5

What state is caused by the filling of erectile tissue with blood?

Answer 5

Erection

Question 6

Which hormone is also called interstitial cell-stimulating hormone and stimulates the interstitial cells to secrete testosterone?

Answer 6

LH (Lutinizing Hormone)

Question 7

Implantation of the trophoblast occurs within which organ?

Answer 7

Uterus

Question 8

What is a trophoblast?

Answer 8

Single layer of flattened cells surrounding the cavity that help form the placenta and secrete important hormones.

Question 9

What structure consists of a midpiece, head, and flagellum?

Answer 9

Sperm

Question 10

On what organ is the corpus luteum found?

Answer 10

Overies

Question 11

If implantation occurs within the fallopian tube, the pregnancy is best described as what?

Answer 11

Ectopic (tubal)

Question 12

What is the target of FSH and LH?

Answer 12

Gonads (Ovaries/ Testes)

Question 13

Which hormone promotes the maturation of the egg and helps develop the female characteristics?

Answer 13

Estrogen

Question 14

What is the primary secretion of the corpus luteum?

Answer 14

Progesterone

Question 15

What is the midcycle event stimulated by a surge of LH?

Answer 15

Ovulation

Question 16

What is the uterine lining called that is most responsive to the hormonal effects of estrogen and progesterone?

Answer 16

Endometrium (the functional layer)

Question 17

Which structure is the major producer of testosterone in the male?

Answer 17

Testes

Question 18

What is the consequence of severing the vas deferens?

Answer 18

Infertility

Question 19

What factors explain why the pregnant woman does not menstruate?

Answer 19

hCG is secreted to keep the corpus luteum alive to produce large amounts of progesterone and estrogen; which stimulate the growth of the uterine wall and prevent menstruation.

Question 20

What is in the “Pill” that makes it contraceptive?

Answer 20

Synthetic estrogen and progesterone

Question 21

Which structure is commonly called the bag of waters (it breaks prior to delivery and often signals the onset of labor)?

Answer 21

Amniotic sac

Question 22

What is the outer extra embryonic membrane that forms finger-like projections called villi and helps form the placenta?

Answer 22

Allantois/ chorionic

Question 23

What is the disc-like structure where the fetal and maternal circulations meet (baby eats, excretes, and breathes at this site).

Answer 23

Placenta

Question 24

Which cream-cheese-like structure by baby’s sebaceous glands and protects the skin from the amniotic fluid?

Answer 24

Vernix Caseosa

Question 25

What is the name of the fine downy hair that covers the fetus?

Answer 25

Lanugo

Question 26

What us the name of the yellowish watery fluid secreted by the mammary glands immediately after delivery?

Answer 26

Colostrum

Question 27

What factors are most related to fertilization? What is it? How many chromosomes?

Answer 27

Meiosis

Question 28

What factors are most related to implantation?

Answer 28

Uterine mucosa (anterior or posterior fundus usually)

Question 29

What is the description of a zygote?

Answer 29

fertilized ovum

Question 30

To what structure is human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) most related?

Answer 30

Chorionic villi secrete hCG, which stimulates continued production of progesterone and estrogen from the corpus luteum, which grows on the surface of the ovary

Question 31

A woman who is 38 weeks pregnant tells the nurse that the baby has dropped and she is having urinary frequency again. The nurse recognizes this as?

Answer 31

Lightening

Question 32

How do Braxton-Hicks contractions differ from labor contractions?

Answer 32

Weak, irregular and ineffectual

Question 33

How does the nurse differentiate true labor from false labor?

Answer 33

regular pattern, get closer together, stronger, start in lower back and move like a band toward front, cervix softens, effaces, and dilates.

Question 34

Why is the size of the true pelvis more important than the size of the false pelvis?

Answer 34

B/C the fetal head must be able to pass though for vaginal delivery

Question 35

Which part of the uterus provides the force during contractions?

Answer 35

Fundus (walls of upper section)

Question 36

What is the largest diameter of the fetal skull?

Answer 36

Biparietal measurement

Question 37

The nurse teaches a group of primigravidas that during delivery, pressure on the fetal skull may produce changes in the shape of the skull called?

Answer 37

Molding

Question 38

Know the differences between fetal attitude, lie, presentation, and position

Answer 38

attitude: relationship of fetal parts to one another (idel: flexion) Lie: relationship of chephalicocaudal (head to butt) axis of fetus to the chephalicocaudal axis of the mother (ideal: longitudinal) Presentation: the part of the fetus that 1st enters the pelvis (idel: head) Position: position of presenting fetal part to a quadrant of the maternal pelvis (ideal:vertex )

Question 39

How frequently should the nurse monitor FHTs during the second stage of labor?

Answer 39

Q 5min

Question 40

Know the descriptions of early, late and variable decorations and the meaning of each.

Answer 40

Early: pressure y fetal skull (corresponding with contractions) Late: decreased O2 and blood flow to fetus through placenta (noted after peak of contraction; off set) Variable: compression on umbilical cord. Random and sudden FHR below normal (bad)

Question 41

When monitoring the FHR, the nurse recognizes indications that the FHR is nonreassuring. This indicates to the nurse that the fetus is experiencing fetal distress most likely related to?

Answer 41

Hypoxia

Question 42

Know characteristics of a reassuring FHR.

Answer 42

120-160 BPM (fundamentals book) 110-160BPM (A&P book) No late decelerations and moderate variability

Question 43

What is the first thing a nurse should do when the pts membranes rupture?

Answer 43

Assess FHR because of possible prolapsed umbilical cord

Question 44

What immediate actions for the nurse take for a prolapsed umbilical cord?

Answer 44

Trendelenburg and one to chest "Head ↓ ass ↑" Mr. Bryan

Question 45

What is the nurse's responsibilities as they relate to fetal monitoring?

Answer 45

Recognize s/s of distress, and intervene appropriately

Question 46

Why is exposure to German measles a problem in the first trimester of pregnancy?

Answer 46

Teratogen-causes defects and can kill baby

Question 47

What projects the fetus most from bacterial infections?

Answer 47

Placental barrier

Question 48

Know how to use Nagele's role to determine the estimated date of birth.

Answer 48

Count back 3 months, | Add 1 year and 7 days

Question 49

Know the presumptive, probable, and positive signs of pregnancy.

Answer 49

Presumptive: amenorrhea, nausea, vomiting, frequent urination, breast changes, changes in shape of the abd, quickening, skin changes, Chadwick's sign (blue/purpleish color to external sex organs b/c of hyperoxygenation) Probable: changes in the reproductive organs, hegars sign (softening of uterus istmus), goodells sign (softening of cervix), Ballottment (can push on cervix and it bounces the baby up and back down), positive pregnancy test. Positive: visualizations, fetal movement, auscultation of fetal hearbeat

Question 50

what advice should the nurse give the pregnant woman about sexual activity during pregnancy

Answer 50

Stop if there is bleeding.

Question 51

Know how to determine GTPAL

Answer 51

Gravida- pregnancies Term- greater than 37 weeks Preterm- 20-36 weeks Abortion-less than 20 weeks Living- how many living children

Question 52

How long do maternal antibodies protect the baby after birth?

Answer 52

6months

Question 53

During pregnancy an increase in circulation blood volume causes a reduction in what blood component

Answer 53

Diluted RBCs

Question 54

What nursing interventions are indicated for increased urinary frequency during late pregnancy

Answer 54

Life on site to relieve pressure of bladder | DONT limit fluids: dehydration increases risk for early labor

Question 55

Know danger signals of pregnancy

Answer 55

Increased B/P, edema, SOB, visual disturbances, headaches, bleeding

Question 56

What nursing intervention would be helpful for a patient 32 wrote pregnant so is having difficulty sleeping

Answer 56

Drink warm milk

Question 57

What are the dangers of smoking to a pregnant woman's baby

Answer 57

Low birth weight