Exam 1 Flashcards
First postulate of special relativity
Laws of physics hold true for all frames of reference
Quantum leap
When an electron is agitated it jumps to the next fixed orbit and as it moves back down it emits energy
Entanglement
Two particles are linked no matter how far apart and share properties and change based off one another
Gravity and space
Gravity is space itself being warped by objects, like fabric
The bigger the object the larger an area warps
Ether
An invisible medium filling empty space between objects
Ultimately disregarded
Arrow of time moving forward
Entropy theory
Perceive ordered states becoming disorder
Started with the Big Bang and becoming more and more disorganized
Higgs field
Space not empty but filled with tiny particles
These particles gain mass as they struggle to move through space
Thomas young experiment
Double split experiment
Light acted like a wave when passing through two slits creating bans of light and dark.
Wave crests combined and other areas canceled each other out
Gravity effect on space time
Gravity slows passage of space time
The stronger the gravitational pull the slower time will move
Dark energy concept
Questioning of whether the universe is still expanding slowly led to the concept that dark energy is a force continuously forcing the universe sort into a disorganized state
Define speed
Distance traveled in a given amount of time
Empedocles light
5th century by Greece
Light as emerging from our eyes and illuminating objects before unlike fire
Colors by addition
Red green and blue light combine in various ways to make visible colors
Wavelength
Distance between any two corespondent points on successive waves
Second postulate of special relativity
No matter what frame of reference the speed of light is measured as a constant
Photons produced
When a. Electron flaws to normal orbital levels it produces energy in the form of a photon that is the same frequency and color of the electron it came from
Einstein and Bohr disagreement
Whether nature of reality determined by chance
Uncertainty governed by observation or not. Bohr said yes and was correct
Canary island experiment
Teleported a copy of a photo to separate island using properties of entangled particles
Absorption
Light hits an object with similar frequency of electrons and speeds up
Absorbed light is no longer visible and only others bounce back
Time dilation
Time slows with motion. Slower based on frame of reference
Speed of light constant not time
Gyroscope experiment showed what?
Space acts like a fabric
Earths Gravity is actually shaping the space around it causing objects in orbit to point toward it
Refraction
Light passes through one transparent medium to a second transparent medium (like air and water) change in medium changes speed of light and cause it to bend
How might we Travel to past
Using war hole that connects two parts of space time
Electromagnetic spectrum
Range of light frequencies and energies
For visible light Red has least energy and violet has highest
Frame of reference
Where you are as a person or observer. You have a particular position. All motion you see is relevant to your frame of reference
Colors by subtraction
Absorption properties, some frequencies of light are absorbed by object hitting and are no longer visible, light of rest of colors is what is reflected back
Newtons concept of light
Light in the form of particles because it travels in straight lines and bounces off objects much like a ball
Interference
Interaction of waves that are similar to each other in frequency
Diffraction
Light passes around the edge of an object and slightly bends
Space time
Space And time are connected and directly effect each other. Motion through space effects the passage of time
Motion slows the passage of time
Alhazen light
Year 965
Believed light was independent from the eyes
Instead suggested light is reflected from source, off of objects and seen by eyes
Euleces light
300 bce
Light comes from our eyes but is projected in straight lines
Frequencies of light
Number of waves that pass through a point in space during any given time interval
Frequencies of visible light determines color
Scattering
Light strikes a rough surface instead of smooth and bounces back at many different angles and directions
Holograms and blackholes
When objects fall into black hole a copy of its information is made outside the hole which could be interpreted as a hologram like replica of the original object
Reflection
Light bounces off smooth surface and bounces back at equal angel
Double split experiment
Sowed electrons act like both particle and waves.
Slipping and combining peaks and valleys as travel through slits making a barcode like pattern.
When directly observer however, acts like particle
Possible travel to the future
Using black hole, where gravitational pull is stronger and the. Return to earth with weaker gravitational pull, time will have moved faster on earth compared to your time at black hole
Length contraction
Length measures shrinks with motion, would seem smaller if it were still
Light and space time
Combined speed of any objects motion through time and space always equals the speed of light
Speed of light as constant
Fundamental properties of the universe
Space, time, matter, motion, mass, Gravity, energy, light
