Exam 1 Flashcards
What is a functional structure? Pros and Cons?
Divided into functions, departments, each of which is responsible for a set of closely related activities.
Pros - Same tools, language
Cons- Info does not pass well, no collaboration
What is the Silo Effect?
Focusing on functional objectives without regard to process objectives or “Big Picture”
What does it mean when a process execution requires to “think sideways”?
view business across functional boundaries and focus on the end-to-end nature of the process and intended outcomes
What are Enterprise Systems?
Support end-to-end processes, by removing barriers to sharing information between functional areas and managing processes holistically.
IT Systems _______ & _______ business processes
integrate & automate
What are business processes?
Sequence of tasks or activities that produce desired outcomes
What are the key processes for supply chain?
Procurement (Buy)
Production (Make)
Fulfillment (Sell)
Processes are _______ with other processes, and may have _________.
Interrelated, Sub-processes
What are three triggers for Procurement?
Requisition, Transaction, Material Requirement
What are the systems views of business Processes that produce the output?
Constraints (policies, rules)
Input (material)
Resources (labor, machine)
Acquiring needed materials externally
Procurement (buy)
Acquiring needed materials internally
Production (make)
Efficiently processing customer orders
Fulfillment (sell)
What is material planning? (plan)
match the supply of material with demand for all the products, components, and so on that the organization uses.
Purchased materials from external source, not sold, used in production.
Acronym?
Raw Materials (ROH)
“Halfway complete” - produced in-house using other materials. used in production of finished goods
Semifinished Goods (HALB)
Created by the production process from other materials, such as raw materials and semifinished goods.
Finished Goods (FERT)
What is Inventory and Warehouse Management? (store)
Storage and Movement of material so that they can be quickly and easily located when needed
What is Asset Management? (service)
______ maintenance performed periodically.
______ maintenance done as needed.
______ depreciation.
Preventative
Corrective
Straight-line
–> equipment
What is Customer Service Process? (service)
Warranty and non-warranty repair and service of products
Many organizations consider this separately from asset management
What is Human Capital Management? (people) What are typical processes?
numerous processes related to all aspects of managing and developing the people in an organization?
- Recruitment, Hiring, Training, Compensation and Benefits, Payroll Administration
- integration
What is Project Management? (project) Internal example? External Example?
Temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result. can be internal (plant, new product design, IT system) or external (engineer to order product, aircraft)
What is financial accounting? (track-______) What are the three documents? What are the four key processes?
External - tracking the financial impact of processes with the primary goal of meeting legal and regulatory reporting requirements.
- P&L Statement, Balance Sheet, Cash Flow Statement
1) General Ledger
2) Accounts Receivable <-buy stuff
4) Asset Accounting
What is management accounting? (track-______) What is it also known as? What does typical cost tracking cover?
Internal - tracking cost and revenue for internal reporting that is intended to help management control cost and revenues and assess the profitability of various products and market segments.
“Controlling”
-Material cost, labor cost, overhead.
Client this semester?
Company Code?
Plant?
Global Bicycle Incorporated (GBI)
GBI US, GBI Germany
Miami dist. center, San Diego dist. center, Dallas manufacturing plant
Heidelberg manufacturing plant, Hamburg dist. center
Purchased and resold to customers with no additional processing
Trading Goods (HAWA)
What is Supply Chain Management? Objective?
Coordination of the activities that procure materials and services, transform them into intermediate goods and final products, and deliver them through a distribution system
-to coordinate activities to maximize the supply chains competitive advantage and benefits to the ultimate consumer
For supply chain management, competition is no longer between companies, it is between _______.
supply chains
the objective of a process strategy is to build a production process that meets _______ requirements and _______ specifications within cost and other managerial constraints.
Customer, Product
Names:
Grandfather -
Father -
You -
Calculation Systems
Functional Systems
Integrated Systems, Cross-Functional
What is the world’s most popular Enterprise System?
SAP Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
Refers to the ways the user interacts with the software (people & process), the technical structure of the software (applications & data), and the ways the software physically managed on computer hardware (infrastructure)
The Architecture of an Enterprise System
Describe a Client-Server Architecture
Three components/layers:
Presentation Layer
Application Layer
Data Layer
Presentation Layer?
How you interact with the application (menus, typing, selecting)
Application Layer?
What the application allows you to do (create formulas, compose an essay)
Data Layer?
Where the application stores your work (hard drive, flash drive)
What did the shift to the three-tier client server architecture do?
Dramatically reduced the costs of acquiring, implementing, and using an ES while significantly increasing the scalability of the systems
What is scalability?
the ability of the hardware and software to support a greater number of users easily over time, typically at a decreasing cost per user
Describe a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)
technologies that allow systems to connect with one another through standardized interfaces called Web services
Web Services?
used to expose ES functionally “Connect my system to another”
-standard interface - input and output
Composite Applications?
connect multiple applications via web services
-build new capabilities without changing the underlying applications
“build a business process by linking pre-built software components”
Processes interrelated with other processes
interdependent
Processes may have sub-processes
hierarchical
Processes pass data between one another
permeable