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Fitness Assessment And Exercise Prescription > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Calculate BMI

A

wt in kg/ft msquared
in to m= inx.0254
cm= m/100

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2
Q

Movement through planes

A

frontal- front to back
transverse-cross sectional/horizontal
saggital- up down

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3
Q

Pulmonary Ventilation VE

A
  • increased primarily through tidal volume during moderate exercise
  • respiratory rate is more important to VE during vigorous exercise
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4
Q

Risk Factors

A
  • age
  • family history
  • sedentary lifestyle
  • smoking
  • dyslipidemia
  • hypertension
  • obesity
  • prediabetes
  • HDL is neg risk factor over 60
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5
Q

Signs and Symptoms that need to be checked before starting an exercise program

A
  • pain, chest, jaw nexk, arms or other areas from ischemia
  • SOB
  • syncope
  • orthopnea/nocturnal dyspnea
  • ankle adema
  • palpitations/tachacardia
  • intermittent claudication
  • known heart murmur
  • unusual SOB or fatigue w/usual activities
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6
Q

BP Classification Risk Factor

A

140->160 90>100

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7
Q

Normal BP

A

120/80

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8
Q

Prehypertension

A

120-139 / 80-89

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9
Q

Hypertension Stage 1

A

140-159 / 90-99

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10
Q

Hypertension Stage 2

A

> 160 / >100

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11
Q

LDL Risk factor level

A

130+

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12
Q

Total Cholesterol Risk Factor

A

200+

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13
Q

Adipose Tissue

A
  • largest endocrine gland
  • major role in metabolism and metabolic balance
  • hyperplasia and hypertrophy
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14
Q

White Adipose Tissue Major Chemicals

A
  • Leptin
  • Adiponectin
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha
  • Interleukin 6
  • Plasminogen activator inhibitor
  • angiotensin
  • angiotensin II
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15
Q

Leptin

A

satiety

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16
Q

Inflammatory Markers

A
  • Adiponectin
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor Apha
  • Interleukin6
  • Plasminogen activator inhibitor
  • TGFB
  • FGF
  • EGF
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17
Q

Increase BP

A

Angiotensin

Angiotensin II

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18
Q

Adipocyte size effect on Adiponectin

A

larger adipocyte detrimental to production, secretion and function of adiponectin

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19
Q

Renin-Angiotensis-Aldosterone System RAAS

A

When BP too low kidneys secrete renin, converts to angiotensinigin & angitensin1. lungs secrete ACEI, convert to angiotensin 2. Stims SympNS, increasing NE, EP, HR, BP. Hits adrenal cortex, secretes aldoserone. BP and BV vasoconstrict. ADH secreted in kidney=water absorption=incBP. kidneys are what controls BP

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20
Q

With skin fold we get

A

Body density, then use equation to convert to body fat

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21
Q

Normal BMI range

A

18.5-24.9

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22
Q

2 divisions of CNS. Major NT

A

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic. Acetylcholine

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23
Q

Calculate VO2

A

QxAVO2 difference

Q=HRxSV

24
Q

Normal fasting BG

A

70-100

100-125= random glucose measurement

25
Q

Rate Pressure Product

A

HRx SystolicBP

  • measures myocardial workload
  • less than 10,000 at rest
26
Q

Cholesterol comes from

A

liver

27
Q

Function of HDL

A

steroid hormones

28
Q

Why do we go through so many process with exercise

A

cardiac output

oxygen

29
Q

CNS neurotransmitters

A

Epinephrine, Norepinephrine

30
Q

Dominant NT

A

NE

31
Q

Dominant catacholamine

A

Epinephirine

32
Q

Skin folds done on

A

Rt side

33
Q

Normal Ejection Fraction

A

55-65 %

34
Q

Bioelectrical Impedance Accuracy

A

+/- 3.5

35
Q

BMI Accuracy

A

+/- 5

36
Q

DEXA Accuracy

A

+/- 1.8

37
Q

DEXA means

A

dual energy Xray Absorbtometry

38
Q

How kidneys control BP

A

Fluid volume

39
Q

Longterm control of BP

A

Kidneys

40
Q

Acute control of BP

A

heart and vasculature

41
Q

Problems of Hypertension

A
  • MI
  • stroke
  • adema
  • kidney disease
  • neuropathy
  • heart failure
42
Q

Gluconeogenisis

A

rebuilding of glucose form non carbohydrate substances

43
Q

Glucagon

A

from alpha cells in pancreas responding to LOW levels of blood sugar.
-hormone

44
Q

3 main threats to homeostastis

A
  • body temp
  • electrolyte balance
  • pH balance (7.4)
45
Q

4 different proteins with skeletal muscle contraction

A
  • actin
  • myosin
  • troponin
  • tropomyosin
46
Q

Angiotensinogen come from

A

liver

47
Q

low profusion =

A

kidneys release renin

48
Q

Angiotensin 2 stimulates

A

Symp NS as NT

49
Q

Aldosterone deals with

A

electrolytes

50
Q

Angiotensin 2 stimulates

A

pituitary gland to secrete ADH (absorb water)

51
Q

Blood shunting in ex means

A

redistribution

52
Q

Low end of BP

A

90/60

53
Q

Ways to determine ex intensity

A
  • HRmax
  • VO2max
  • RPE
  • METs
  • VO2reserve
  • HRreserve
54
Q

lipolysis

A

breakdown of fat

55
Q

glyocolysis

A

breakdown of sugar

56
Q

glycogenolosis

A

breakdown of glycogen

57
Q

Components of the pre participation symptom-limited exercise test physical examination

A
  • WT, BMI, waist girth, BCC/%BF
  • apical pulse rate and rhythm
  • resting BP, seated,supine,standing
  • auscultation of lungs
  • palpation of cardiac apical impulse and pt of maximal impulse
  • auscultation of heart w/specific attention of murmurs/gallops/clicks/rubs
  • palpation/auscultation of carotid, abdominal, femoral arteries
  • eval abdomen
  • palpation of lower extreme for edema and arterial pulses
  • absence/presence of tendon xanthoma/skinxanthelasma
  • follow up exam rltd to orthopedic/other medical conditions
  • neurologic function reflex/cognition
  • inspect skin, lower extreme DM

Fitness Assessment And Exercise Prescription (3 decks)

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