Exam 1

Question 1

Which way do groups go?

Answer 1

Up and down

Question 2

Which way do periods go?

Answer 2

Side to side

Question 3

What is Dalton’s atomic theory?

Answer 3

Elements are composed of atoms
All atoms of an element are the same
Compounds are composed of multiple elements
A chemical reaction only involves separation, combination and rearrangement of atoms

Question 4

How is the atomic number found?

Answer 4

Number of protons

Question 5

How is the mass number found?

Answer 5

Number of protons and neutrons

Question 6

What are isotopes?

Answer 6

Same number of protons, different number of neutrons

Question 7

What are the two types of ions and what are their charges?

Answer 7

Cation - positive charge

Anion - negative charge

Question 8

What is electromagnetic radiation?

Answer 8

A frequency and periodic motion

Question 9

What is the photoelectric effect?

Answer 9

EMR shining on metal will cause electrons to be ejected

Question 10

What is the Heisenburg’s uncertainty principle?

Answer 10

Can not know position and momentum of a particle at the same time

Question 11

What are the quantum numbers?

Answer 11

N - describes period
L - describes shape
ML - orientation in space
MS - electron spin

Question 12

What is the Aufbau Principle?

Answer 12

Fill from the ground up

Question 13

What is the Pauli Exclusion Principle?

Answer 13

No two electrons in any can have the same four quantum numbers

Question 14

What is Hund’s rule for maximum spin?

Answer 14

Do not pair electrons until necessary

Question 15

What happens in excited states?

Answer 15

Electrons get moved up a level

Question 16

What is Coulumbs Law used for?

Answer 16

Equation for finding energy or force between two electrons

Question 17

What is the ionization charge?

Answer 17

Energy required to remove an electron
Increases from left to right, force holding electrons increases
Increases from bottom to top, as you go down n increases, so does r

Question 18

When does atomic radii increase?

Answer 18

Top to bottom

Right to left - More protons = more attraction

Question 19

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 19

No sharing of electrons

Question 20

What is electronegativity?

Answer 20

The ability to attract electrons in a chemical bond

Increases left to right, bottom to top

Question 21

What is a resonance structure?

Answer 21

The location of the double bonds can change

Question 22

What are paramagnetic?

Answer 22

Has at least one unpaired electron

Question 23

What is diamagnetic?

Answer 23

No unpaired electrons

Question 24

What are the bonding electron pairs, arrangement, angle, and shape?

Answer 24

2 - Linear - 180 - Linear
3 - Trigonal Planar - 120 - trigonal planar
4 - Tetrahedral - 109.5 - Tetrahedral
5 - Trigonal bipyramidal-120 or 90-trigonal bipyramid
6 - Octahedral - 90 - octahedral

Question 25

What are the bonding electrons, lone pair electrons, arrangement, angle and shape?

Answer 25

2 - 1 - Trigonal planar - <109.5 - Trigonal Pyramidal
3 - 2 - Trigonal bipyr - 120, 90 - TShaped
4 - 1 - Trig bipyr - 120,90 - See saw
4 -2 - Octahedral - 90 -Square Planar
5 - 1 - Octahedral - 90 - square pyramidal