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Disease & Sanitation Animal Sci > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Signs of disturbances

A

Symptoms

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1
Q

A condition that results from any structural defect or functional impairment of the animal body

A

Disease

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2
Q

Capable of being easily spread

A

Infectious disease

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3
Q

The promotion of hygiene and prevention of disease by maintenance of sanitary ( clean) conditions

A

Sanitation

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4
Q

Farm animals kept or raised to produce food or fiber (are for its labor) for use and profit

A

Livestock

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5
Q

Occur most often in certain states countries or continents

A

Endemic

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6
Q

Climatic seasons

A

Winter, spring, summer, fall, rainy

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7
Q

Physiological seasons

A

Breeding birthing milking

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8
Q

Intrinsic causes of disease

A

Genus, species, breed, genetic, age, sex, endocrine, neoplasms

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9
Q

Extrinsic causes of disease

A

Living Agents: bacteria, viruses, fungi, Protozoa

Non-Living Agents: trauma, temperature, poisons

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10
Q

Stress causes the ________ system to go down

A

Immune

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11
Q

A disease that may be transmitted from one individual to another by direct or indirect contact

A

Contagious disease

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12
Q

( True or False) all contagious diseases are infectious but not all infectious diseases are contagious

A

True

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13
Q

Sources of infection are

A

Direct or indirect contact with a disease individual, contact through fomites, contact with disease carriers( not showing symptoms), infection through soil, food, & water airborne infections, bloodsucking Arthropods

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14
Q

( True or False) treat all microorganism as if they are severe threat to the health of the animal

A

True

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15
Q

( True or False) sanitizers do not destroy or eliminate all micro organisms but reduce the number of microbial contamination

A

True

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16
Q

The destruction of all infective and reproductive forms of all micro organisms

A

Sterilization

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17
Q

Methods of sterilization

A

Gas radiation steam boiling water flame UV light ultrasound chemicals pasteurization

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18
Q

The destruction of all growing forms of micro organisms but not necessarily the spore forms of disease producing micro organisms

A

Disinfection

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19
Q

7 classes if disinfectants

A

Alcohol, halogens, quaternary ammonium, phenol ,coal tar ,aldehydes ,oxidizing agents

20
Q

Two major categories of flies

A

Stable and house flies

21
Q

Stable flies are bitting flies that suck blood ( True or False)

A

True

22
Q

Stable flies reduce ______ gains, _________ production, and feed ___________

A

Weigh, milk, efficiency

23
Q

( True or False) cattle under attack by stable flies will bunch together trying to protect their front legs which is a favorite feeding site of the flies

A

True

24
Q

________ is expended by foot stomping, tail switching, and head throwing all in attempt to dislodge flies

A

Energy

25
Q

House flies have a _______ type of mouthpart

A

Spongy

26
Q

Stable flies are known to spread ____________ causing organisms due to their blood feeding habits

A

Mastitis

27
Q

Generally odor dust and flies are cited together as constituting a __________

A

Nuisance

28
Q

Flies breed in

A

Fresh manure, spilled wet livestock feed, feed and manure mixed together, hay bale litter mixed with manure and moisture ( wet, decaying organic matter)

29
Q

_____________ management is the most important variable in any fly control program

A

Manure

30
Q

In farm animal waste management there are 5 categories

A

Collecting, processing, storing, transporting,utilizing

31
Q

Studies have shown that flies carry ____________ O157 H7

A

E.Coli

32
Q

( True or False) even after the death of animals from contagious diseases, their carcasses remain as disease producing reservoirs

A

True

33
Q

During the winter months ______ may remain virulent for as long a month

A

Viruses

34
Q

( True or False) cold makes infective material dormant, while heat hastens it’s death

A

True

35
Q

What not to do with an infected carcass

A

Dispose near a water source ( river, pond)

Use carcass as animal feed

Leave the carcass unattended outside for bitting insects to reach it

36
Q

Why should you never open a carcass for necrosopy exam?

A

Opening up the carcass could lead to exposure of the person to get a zoonotic disease

37
Q

Involves cooking and drying the carcass is a preferred method companies will come and pick up carcasses for a fee and perform this

A

Rendering

38
Q

Has to have a permit to accept carcasses has fees, and hauling procedures

A

A landfill

39
Q

When selecting a site for a burial pit what factors do you need to consider ?

A

Soil properties
Proximity to bodies of water
Proximity to wells
Proximity to public areas and neighbors

40
Q

Advantages of a burial

A

Inexpensive

Fits in bio security plan

41
Q

Disadvantages

A

Difficult in winter
Water pollution
Complaints from neighbors about odors and predators

42
Q

Requires permit from Texas commission on environmental quality burning without a permit is prohibited

A

Incineration

43
Q

Allows microbial and chemical destruction of carcass

A

Composting

44
Q

Beyond 72 hours _______ must be frozen until disposed of

A

Birds

45
Q

Animals that die from one of following diseases have separate disposal requirements

A

Tuberculosis, infectious abortion, Anthrax, Foot and Mouth, Equine infectious anemia, Rabies

46
Q

Portals of entry for pathogens are

A 
Skin ( bites, scratches) 
Mucous Membrane( Respiratory Tract, Genitourinary, Eyes, intestinal tract)
47
Q

Body defenses are

A 
Skin ( mechanical & Biological) 
Mucous membranes
Inflammation 
Elevated Temperatures
Immune Systems

Disease & Sanitation Animal Sci (2 decks)

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