Exam 1 Flashcards
What were Assyria and Babylonia?
Two great empires that consistently fought one another.
What is the apocrypha?
The collection of books of Jewish origin not included in the bible. They are generally correct but with many interpolations by man.
The collection of books of Jewish origin not included in the bible. They are generally correct but with many interpolations by man.
apocrypha
Two great empires that consistently fought one another.
Assyria and Babylonia
Aramaic
The official language of the Persian empire. Most likely the common language of the Jews after their return from Babylon.
The official language of the Persian empire. Most likely the common language of the Jews after their return from Babylon.
Aramaic
Diaspora/dispersion
Diaspora- the scattering of Isreal
Dispersion- the title given to Jews who did not return to Isreal following Cyrus’ decree.
- the scattering of Isreal
- the title given to Jews who did not return to Isreal following Cyrus’ decree.
Diaspora
Dispersion
Hebrew
Literally means “one who had come from beyond (the Euphrates)”
Member of the family of semitic languages. Language of the Jews until captivity. All official religious texts remained in Hebrew.
“The nations” also means any not of Isreal. These people who converted to Judaism were called proselytes.
Gentiles
True meaning of “gentile”
“The nations” also means any not of Isreal. Gentiles who converted to Judaism were called proselytes.
Literally means “one who had come from beyond (the Euphrates)”
Member of the family of semitic languages. Language of the Jews until captivity. All official religious texts remained in this
Hebrew
Persia
A massive empire that conquered babylon and other nations. Judea was a province until taken over by Alexander the Great.
A massive empire that conquered babylon and other nations. Judea was a province until taken over by Alexander the Great.
Persia
Septuagint (LXX)
The translation of the Jewish old testament into Greek for Jews in Alexandria.
The translation of the Jewish old testament into Greek for Jews in Alexandria.
Septuagint (LXX)
Torah
Literally means “to cast” as in to put forth instructions. The Law. The Torah contains instructions and takes precedence.
Literally means “to cast” as in to put forth instructions. The Law. Contains instructions and takes precedence.
Torah
TaNaK
The full Hebrew bible. Contained the Law, the Prophets, and the Writings.
The full Hebrew bible. Contained the Law, the Prophets, and the Writings.
TaNaK
Books in the Torah
Genesis Exodus Leviticus Numbers Deuteronomy
Caesar
The name give to the roman emperor.
Caesarea
An important sea town. In was in Caesarea that Roman prefects and procurators resided. Build by Herod the Great.
An important sea town. In was here that Roman prefects and procurators resided. Build by Herod the Great.
Caesarea
Decapolis
Ten cities. The district east and southeast of the Sea of Galilee containing a mixed population of Greeks Syrians Arabs and Jews.
Ten cities. The district east and southeast of the Sea of Galilee containing a mixed population of Greeks Syrians Arabs and Jews.
Decapolis
Supporters of the Herodian family.
Herodians
Daily service
The sacrificing of a lamb in the morning and evening. This was accompanied by music, vocal or instrumental, worship and prayer, and psalms.
The sacrificing of a lamb in the morning and evening. This was accompanied by music, vocal or instrumental, worship and prayer, and psalms.
Daily Service
High Priest
The presiding officer of the Aaronic priesthood. In addition to the responsibilities as a priest, he inquired of God in the holy of holies on the day of atonement.
The presiding officer of the Aaronic priesthood. In addition to the responsibilities as a priest, he inquired of God in the holy of holies on the day of atonement.
High Priest
Sanhedrin
The Jewish senate, led by the high priest. Also the high Jewish Supreme Court in all matters. Local courts were referred to by the same name.
The Jewish senate, led by the high priest. Also the high Jewish Supreme Court in all matters. Local courts were referred to by the same name.
Sanhedrin
Temple of Mount Gerizim
Temple built by the Samaritans because they were rejected and unable to be a part of Solomon’s temple. Manasseh brother of Jaddua, the high priest, was the first high priest of this temple, he married outside the covenant.
Temple built by the Samaritans because they were rejected and unable to be a part of Solomon’s temple. Manasseh brother of Jaddua, the high priest, was the first high priest of this temple, he married outside the covenant.
Temple of Mount Gerizim
Essenes
A political group of people not mentioned in the New Testament. They lived along the Dead Sea and are believed to be the originators of the Dead Sea scrolls.
A political group of people not mentioned in the New Testament. They lived along the Dead Sea and are believed to be the originators of the Dead Sea scrolls.
Essenes
Pharisees
A Jewish political group that believed in the resurrection and in sprits. They prided themselves In a strict adherence to the law. They also upheld oral tradition to be equal in status to written scripture.
Sadducees
A party and the aristocracy of the Jews. The Sadducees did not believe in an afterlife.
A party and the aristocracy of the Jews. The Sadducees did not believe in an afterlife.
Sadducees
What are the three feasts?
The feast of unleavened bread, the feast of the weeks, the feast of the Tabernacles. Men were expected to come to Jerusalem for all of these feasts.
Zealots
Political party among the Jews who were determined to resist any foreign authority.
Political party among the Jews who were determined to resist any foreign authority.
Zealots
What is an evangelist
One who tries to convert people to Christianity. One of the authors of the gospels. Also an LDS patriarch.
Codex
A manuscript copy of ancient text. Differs from a scroll in that it resembles the modern book.
Masoretic text
The traditional Hebrew text of the Old Testament.
The traditional Hebrew text of the Old Testament.
Masoretic text
Talmud
A collection of Jewish biblical text including the oral tradition.
A collection of Jewish biblical text including the oral tradition.
Talmud
Vulgate
The name of the Latin scriptures. Used during the Middle Ages.
The name of the Latin scriptures. Used during the Middle Ages.
Vulgate
Pseudographia
A collection of writing that are claimed to come from ancient prophets and figures but for the most part, don’t.
A collection of writing that are claimed to come from ancient prophets and figures but for the most part, don’t.
Pseudographia
Passover/feast of unleavened bread
A feast to commemorate the passing over of the Isrealites in Egypt.
Festival of weeks (Pentecost)
This festival is held 50 days after Passover. During the fifty days, wheat was harvested and it was called the festival of the harvest.
Feast of Tabernacles
People build little tents and sleep in them.
Ossuary
A place where one was initially buried.
A place where one was initially buried.
Ossuary
Synoptic problem
An issue with agreements between the gospels.
Annas
Appointed high priest. Christ was arrested and brought first to him, he also oversaw the apostles after their arrest.
Appointed high priest. Christ was arrested and brought first to him, he also oversaw the apostles after their arrest.
Annas
Antiochus Epiphanes IV
King of Syria, tried to crush Jewish nationality.
King of Syria, tried to crush Jewish nationality.
Antiochus Epiphanes IV
Archelaus (Herod)
Herod the great, evil ruler of Isreal.
Caiaphus
High priest, Sadducee that took part in the attack on The Lord and the disciples.
922 BC
Split between northern and southern Isreal. Rehoboam and jeroboam.
722 BC
Deportation of Northern ten tribes by Assyria.
587/86 BC
Babylonians sack Jerusalem and take many hostage.
539 BC
Babylon falls to the Persian empire under Cyrus.
538 BC
Jews return from Babylon and begun to rebuild Judea.
520-515 BC
Jerusalem temple is rebuilt (temple of zerubabel)
332 BC
Judah comes under Greek rule.
168 BC
Antiochus Epiphanes IV sacks Jerusalem temple and dedicates it to Zeus.
168 BC
Beginning of the Maccabean Revolt against Antiochus Epiphanes IV and Greek rule by the Hasmoneans
165 BC
Jerusalem temple is taken back and Rededicated.
64 BC
Pompey takes Antioch, rules Seleucid territory and enters temple.
Spring 4 BC
Herod dies, his kingdom is divided among his sons. Herod Antipus (galilee and perrea) archelaus (Judea) Phillip (gaulantis)
AD 26-36
Tenure of Roman governor (prefect) of Judea Pontius Pilate.
AD 30
Death of Jesus
AD 70
Destruction of Jerusalem by Rome
