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Cardio ICARE > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Lotensin

A

benazepril

ACE-I, oral

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2
Q

Capoten

A

captopril

ACE-I, oral

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3
Q

Vasotec

A

enalapril

ACE-I, oral/IV(enalaprilat)

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4
Q

Monopril

A

fosinopril

ACE-I, oral

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5
Q

Zestril

A

lisinopril

ACE-I, oral

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6
Q

Univasc

A

moexipril

ACE-I, oral

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7
Q

ACE-I

angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor

A

reduce angiotensin II levels, reduce vasoconstriction and aldosterone secretion, increase bradykinin

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8
Q

Edarbi

A

azilsartan

ARB, oral

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9
Q

Atacand

A

candesartan

ARB, oral

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10
Q

Teveten

A

eprosartan

ARB, oral

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11
Q

Avapro

A

irbesartan

ARB, oral

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12
Q

Cozaar

A

losartan

ARB, oral

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13
Q

Benicar

A

olmesartan

ARB, oral

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14
Q

Micardis

A

telmisartan

ARB, oral

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15
Q

Diovan

A

valsartan

ARB, oral

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16
Q

ARB

angiotensin receptor blocker

A

more selectively reduce the effects of angiotensin than ACE-I (block AT1-R) –> reduce vasoconstriction and aldosterone release. NO effect on bradykinin

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17
Q

Norvasc

A

amlodipine

DHP Ca channel blocker, oral

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18
Q

Cleviprex

A

clevidipine

DHP Ca channel blocker - 4th gen, IV

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19
Q

Cardizem

A

diltiazem

NDHP Ca channel blocker, oral/SR/IV

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20
Q

Plendil

A

felodipine

DHP Ca channel blocker, oral ER

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21
Q

DynaCirc

A

isradipine

DHP Ca channel blocker, oral/ER

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22
Q

Cardene

A

nicardipine

DHP Ca channel blocker, oral/SR/IV

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23
Q

Procardia

A

nifedipine

DHP Ca channel blocker, oral/ER

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24
Q

Sular

A

nisoldipine

DHP Ca channel blocker, oral ER

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25
Q

Calan/Isoptin

A

verapamil

NDHP Ca channel blocker, oral/SR/IV

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26
Q

Non-dihydropyridine Ca channel blocker

A

vasodilators (mostly in arterioles, not veins), non-selective block of L-type slow Ca channels in SA/AV nodes, cardiac myocytes, and vascular smooth muscle) –> reduce CO, HR, PVR, (dec contractility)

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27
Q

Dihydropyridine Ca channel blockers

A

vasodilators (mostly in arterioles, not veins), block vascular Ca channels more so than cardiac Ca channels –> reduce PVR (no decrease in venous return ~ no orthostatic HTN

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28
Q

Corgard

A

nadolol - 1st gen

non-selective beta blocker, oral

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29
Q

Levatol

A

penbutolol - 1st gen

non-selective beta blocker, oral

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30
Q

Visken

A

pindolol - 1st gen ISA

non-selective beta blocker, oral

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31
Q

Inderal

A

propranolol - 1st gen

non-selective beta blocker, oral/SR/IV

32
Q

Blocarden

A

timolol - 1st gen

non-selective beta blocker, oral

33
Q

Coreg

A

carvedilolol - 3rd gen inhibit LDL oxidation

non-selective beta blocker, oral/ER 2D6/2C9

34
Q

Normodyne/Trandate

A

labetolol - 3rd gen for resistant HTN

non-selective beta blocker, oral/IV

35
Q

Betapace

A

sotalol -

non selective beta blocker, oral

36
Q

Sectral

A

acebutolol - 2nd gen ISA, mem stabilizing

B1 selective beta blocker, oral

37
Q

Tenormin

A

atenolol - 2nd gen

B1 selective beta blocker, oral/IV

38
Q

Kerlone

A

bextaxolol - 3rd gen

B1 selective beta blocker, oral

39
Q

Zebeta

A

bisoprolol - 2nd gen

B1 selective beta blocker, oral

40
Q

BreviBloc

A

esmolol - 2nd gen

B1 selective beta blocker, IV

41
Q

Lopressor/Toprol

A

metoprolol - 2nd gen

B1 selective beta blocker, oral/ER/IV

42
Q

Tekturna

A

aliskiren

renin inhibitor, oral

43
Q

Diamox

A

acetazolamide

carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, oral/SR/IV

44
Q

Neptazane

A

methazolamide

carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, oral

45
Q

Osmitrol

A

mannitol

osmotic diuretic, IV

46
Q

Lasix

A

furosemide

loop diuretic, oral/IV (sulfa)

47
Q

Edecrin

A

ethacrynic acid

loop diuretic, oral/IV (non-sulfa)

48
Q

Demadex

A

torsemide

loop diuretic, oral/IV (sulfa)

49
Q

Bumex

A

bumetanide

loop diuretic, oral/IV (sulfa)

50
Q

Hydro-DIURIL/Esidrix/Microzide

A

hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)

thiazide diuretic, oral/liquid

51
Q

Diuril

A

chlorothiazide

thiazide diuretic, oral/liquid/IV

52
Q

Hygroton/Thalitone

A

chlorthalidone

thiazide diuretic, oral

53
Q

Lozol

A

indapamide

thiazide diuretic, oral

54
Q

Midamor

A

amiloride

K sparing diuretic, oral

55
Q

Dyrenium

A

triamterene

K sparing diuretic, oral

56
Q

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor MOA

A

inhibition of CA in the PCT –> prevents dehydration of H2CO2 and hydration of CO2
(decreases absorption of weak acids –> increasing urine pH) Not a good diuretic, decreases IOP

57
Q

Loop diuretic MOA

A

inhibition of NKCC2 transporter in TAL –> increased NaCl excretion, K wasting, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, increased Ca and Mg in urine

58
Q

thiazide diuretic MOA

A

inhibition of NaCl transporter in the DCT –> increased NaCl excretion, K wasting, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, decreased Ca in urine

59
Q

Potassium-sparing diuretic MOA

A

block epithelial Na channels in CT –> reduces Na retention and K wasting

60
Q

aldosterone receptor antagonist MOA

A

block aldosterone receptor in CT, mild blockade of androgen receptors –> reduces Na retention and K wasting in the kidney (poorly understood antagonism of aldosterone in the heart and vessels)

61
Q

Aldactone

A

spironolactone

K sparing diuretic/aldosterone receptor antagonist, oral

62
Q

Inspra

A

eplerenone

K sparing diuretic/aldosterone receptor antagonist, oral

63
Q

JNC 8 HTN guideline - general population greater than or equal to 60

A

<150/90

64
Q

JNC 8 HTN guideline - DM, CKD, population less than 60

A

<140/90

65
Q

AHA guideline - uncomplicated HTN

A

<140/90

66
Q

AHA guideline DM, CKD, CHF, PAD, carotid artery disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, MI, angina, multi CV risks, Framingham risk >/= 10%

A

<130/80

67
Q

AHA guideline - left ventricular dysfunction/systolic HF

A

<120/80

68
Q

ADA guideline - DM

A

<140/80

69
Q

Non-selective Alpha receptor antagonists

A

phentolamine/phenoxybenzamine

used for tissue extravasation and pheochromocytoma (pbz - irreversible blockade)

70
Q

Alpha 1 receptor antagonist

A

Prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin

used to treat HTN and BPH

71
Q

Alpha 1 receptor antagonist MOA

A

dilates arterioles and veins, lowers PVR, pre-load, and after-load. Must titrate dose up slowly

72
Q

Alpha 1 receptor antagonist SE

A

postural hypotension, syncopal episodes, dizziness, HA

73
Q

Beta blocker MOA

A

decrease HR and contractility (negative inotropic and chronotropic effects), decreases oxygen consumption, blocks renin from JG cells. Reduces systolic pressure and PVR

74
Q

Beta blocker CI

A

its with heart block, could cause problems in diabetics and mask sx of hypoglycemia

75
Q

Beta blocker SE

A

lower HDL, increase LDL and TG, bradyarrythmia, depression, DO NOT stop abruptly - taper down due to increased sympathetic response

76
Q

Other effects of 3rd gen beta blockers

A

alpha blockade, NO production, B2 agonism, Ca block, K channel opening, antioxidant, increased insulin sensitivity, decreased TG

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