Exam 1 Flashcards
- Why is historical understanding important in F&W management?
Retrospective insight, ecosystem restoration, and avoiding past mistakes.
- What baseline concept helps avoid historical mistakes in ecosystem management?
Temporal analysis & shifting baselines.
- What marked wildlife management during colonization (1492–1783)?
Wildlife exploitation and local extinctions.
What was a key environmental consequence of westward expansion?
Wildlife declines and recognition of environmental losses.
What characterized early conservation efforts (1832–1930s)
Sportsmen’s clubs, scientific organizations, and new laws.
What management focus emerged after the 1960s?
Ecosystem-based approaches and inclusion of non-game species.
What does the Lacey Act (1900) regulate?
Wildlife transport.
What was the goal of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (1918)?
Protect migratory birds.
What law funds waterfowl conservation through stamps?
Duck Stamp Act (1934).
What tax funds wildlife projects under Pittman-Robertson (1937)?
Tax on firearms and ammunition.
What does the Dingell-Johnson Act (1950) support?
Sport fish restoration.
What was the purpose of the Clean Water Act (1972)?
Protect water quality and aquatic habitats.
What was the goal of the Endangered Species Act (1973)?
Protect endangered species and their habitats.
What wildlife management tactic targeted predators like wolves?
Predator eradication.
What species introduction harmed native fish populations?
Mysis shrimp.
What act established the National Forest System (1891)?
Forest Reserve Act.
Which court case established PTD in the U.S.?
Arnold v. Mundy (1821).
7 Tenets
- Wildlife is a public trust.
- Elimination of commercial wildlife markets.
- Legal allocation of wildlife resources.
- Legitimate and ethical wildlife harvest only.
- Wildlife as an international resource.
- Science-based policy decisions.
- Democratic access to wildlife.
What primary funding source supports state wildlife agencies?
License sales.
Which two excise taxes support wildlife and fishery projects?
Pittman-Robertson & Dingell-Johnson Acts.
Name two sources of federal wildlife funding.
USFWS and BPA grants.
What type of grants come from private companies?
Private grants (e.g., Idaho Power).
What is an example of a state-specific wildlife fund?
NM Conservation Legacy Permanent Fund (2023).
Federal vs. State Authority
Federal authority on federal lands, endangered species, and migratory birds.
States manage most resident wildlife.
