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Anatomy 2 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Which is not a function of blood

A

Producing plasma hormones

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2
Q

Which is not normally found in plasma

A

Glycogen

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3
Q

Serum is essentially identical to plasma except for the absence of

A

Fibrinogen

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4
Q

The viscosity of blood is due more to the presence of _ than any other factor

A

Erythrocytes

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5
Q

What would happen if all of the hemoglobin contained within the RBCs became free in the plasma

A

It would increase blood colloid osmotic pressure

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6
Q

Where do most RBCs die

A

In the spleen and liver

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7
Q

Which of the following would not lead to polycythemia

A

Iron deficiency

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8
Q

Which of the following is not true of a patient with anemia

A

Their blood viscosity is increased

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9
Q

Which of the following is not true regarding sickle-cell disease

A

It is a cause of malaria

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10
Q

A person with type A blood can safely donate RBC’s to someone of type_ and can safely receive RBC’s from someone of type_

A

Donate to AB, Receive O

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11
Q

Why are pregnant Rh- females given an injection of Rh immune globulin

A

Antibodies in the injection bind fetal RBC antigens so they cannot stimulate her immune system to produce anti-D antibodies

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12
Q

An individual has type B, Rh+ blood
The individual has _ antigens and can produce ani- _ antibodies

A

B and D antigens
Anti-A antibodies

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13
Q

What are the least abundant of the formed elements

A

Basophils

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14
Q

Which cells aid in the body’s defense processes by secreting histamine and heparin

A

Basophils

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15
Q

Some lymphocytes can survive as long as

A

Decades

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16
Q

Which of the following has not been implicated in causing leukemia

A

Dehydration

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17
Q

The cessation of bleeding is specifically called

A

Hemostasis

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18
Q

When a clot is no longer needed, fibrin is dissolved by

A

Plasmin

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19
Q

Platelets release _, a chemical vasoconstrictor that contributes to the vascular spasm

A

Serotonin

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20
Q

Most strokes and heart attacks are caused by the abnormal clotting of blood in an unbroken vessel. Moreover, a piece of the _(clot) may break loose and begin to travel in the bloodstream as a _

A

Thrombus
Embolus

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21
Q

Where are most clotting factors synthesized in the body

A

Liver

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22
Q

Blood clots in the limbs put a patient most at risk for

A

Pulmonary embolism

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23
Q

In the feedback loop for correction of hypoxemia what comes after stimulation of the red bone marrow

A

Accelerated erythropoiesis

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24
Q

What are the green things bound to RBCs

A

Antibodies

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25
Where does plasmin form from
Plasminogen
26
Which carry oxygen poor blood
Venae Cavae and pulmonary arteries
27
The heart is enfolded in a space called
Pericardial cavity
28
Which is the most superficial layer enclosing the heart
Fibrous pericardium
29
The _ performs the work of the heart
Myocardium
30
The shallow depression seen on the external surface of the heart between the left and right ventricles is called the
Interventricular sulcus
31
The right atrioventricular valve regulates the opening between the_ and the _
Right atrium and right ventricle
32
The _ valve regulates the flow of blood between the right ventricle and the vessels leading to the lungs
Pulmonary
33
The _ carry blood toward the lungs
Pulmonary trunk and arteries
34
Opening and closing of the heart valves is caused by
Pressure gradients
35
Which of the following directly stems from the ascending aorta before it branches into the circumflex branch and anterior interventricular branch
Left coronary artery
36
Which of the following is a feature shared by cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle
Muscle fiber striations
37
Electrical signals pass between cardiomyocytes through the
Gap junctions
38
Which of the following is not part of the cardiac conduction system
Tendinous cords
39
The pacemaker potential is result of
Na+ inflow
40
Cells of the Sinuatrial node _ during the pacemaker potential
Depolarize slow
41
When sodium channels are fully open, the membrane of the ventricular cardiomyocyte _
Sharply depolarizes
42
The plateau in the action potential observed in cardiomyocytes is probably related with_ staying longer in the cytosol
Ca2+
43
Any abnormal cardiac rhythm is called a
Arrhythmia
44
Atrial depolarization causes the
P wave
45
In a normal ECG, the deflection that is generated by ventricular repolarization is called the
T wave
46
Mitral valve prolapse causes blood to leak back into the _ when the ventricles contract
Left atrium
47
When the ventricles relax, the _ valve prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle
Aortic
48
When the aortic semilunar valve closes and blood bounces off of it, it produces the _ heart sound that is ultimately related to when the_
Dupp (S2) Ventricles relax
49
Which is the correct sequence of events of the cardiac cycle
Ventricular filling Isovolumetric contraction Ventricular ejection Isovolumetric relaxation
50
Assume that the left ventricle of a child’s heart has an EDV: 90 mL, and ESV:60 mL, and a cardiac output of 2,400 mL/min. His SV is _mL/beat and his HR is _ bpm
30, 80
51
Which vessels have the thickest tunica media
Large arteries
52
Alternative routes of blood supply are called
Anastomoses
53
In people who stand for long periods, blood tends to pool in the lower limbs and this may result in varicose veins. What causes varicose veins?
Failure of the venous valves
54
What causes reactive hyperemia to increase tissue perfusion
Local controls
55
Where is the vasomotor center located
Medulla oblongata
56
Which of the following does not move substances across capillary walls
Group transport
57
What is the most important force driving reabsorption at the venous end of a capillary
Blood colloid osmotic pressure
58
The mean arterial pressure below 60 mmHg can cause which of the following
Syncope
59
Myocardial infarction can lead to what type of shock
Cardiogenic
60
The lungs receive a systemic blood supply by way of which vessels
Bronchial arteries
61
Which constitutes the principal venous drainage of the thoracic organs
The azygos system
62
What are the afferent vessels that carry blood back to the heart
Veins
63
Which is a portal system
Heart Artery Arterials Capillary bed Arteriole Capillary bed Venue Vein Heart
64
A nurse takes your blood pressure and tells you the numbers are 110/70. What are your blood pressures
Systolic:110 mmHg Diastolic: 70 mmHg Pulse Pressure: 40 mmHg (110-70) MAP: 83 mmHg (70+ 40/3)
65
While out hiking your friend falls and suffers a trauma. You notice they start to go into shock. What do you do to help
Lie them down and elevate their legs
66
Your grandmother is experiencing temporary dizziness, blurred vision, paralysis on her left side, and mild aphasia. What might be happening?
She is having a TIA
67
During exercise arterioles to the skeletal muscles _
Dilate in response to increased muscle metabolites
68
What is the path of blood from the heart to the right pinky finger and back to the heart?
Aorta-brachiocephalic trunk-right subclavian artery- right axillary artery- right brachial artery- right ulnar artery- palmar arches-venous palmar arches- right ulnar vein- right brachial vein-right axillary vein-right subclavian vein-right brachiocephalic vein-superior vena cava
69
What type of blood vessel has filtration pores
Fenestrated capillary
70
What kind of anastomoses connect arteries to another artery
Arterial anastomoses
71
Which solutes move through filtration pores of the capillary wall
Glucose
72
Which solutes use transcytosis to move through the capillary wall
Oxygen
73
Which solutes use diffusion to move through capillary walls
Oxygen
74
Which blood vessel passes under the maxilla
External carotid artery
75
Which blood vessel passes through the thigh
Femoral artery

Anatomy 2 (3 decks)

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