Exam #1 Flashcards
What class of vitamins are stores in the liver/ fatty tissue and do not need daily replenishment
Fat Soluble Vitamins (AEDK) and B12
What class of vitamins requires an acidic environment for absorption and requires daily replenishment with the exception of_____
Water soluble vitamins (not B12, it is stores in the liver for 3-5 years)
This vitamin is stores up to 90% in the liver
Vitamin A
This Vitamin is responsible for the formation of visual purple (Rhodopsin)
Vitamin A
This vitamins is responsible for the formation and maintenance of the mucosa and health skin
Vitamin A
Deficiencies in this vitamin cause conjunctival/ corneal changes (Xerophthalmia)—> dry eyes
Vitamin A
Deficiencies in this vitamin cause dry/ scaley skin (Keratinization) and decreased saliva secretion
Vitamin A
Sources of this vitamin include carrots, cantaloupe, apricot, tomato juice and spinach
Vitamin A
This vitamin is an antioxidant that destroys free radicals by product of normal cell metabolism)
Vitamin E
Deficiency in this vitamin causes hemolytic anemia (when RBC membrane is exposed to oxidation)
Vitamin E
Deficiency in this vitamin disrupts myelin sheath formation and causes difficult walking, neuropathy and numbness and tingling
Vitamin E
Dietary sources of this vitamin are vegetable oil (canola and sunflower), fortified cereals and nuts
Vitamin E
This vitamin is synthesizes by intestinal bacteria and initiates liver synthesis of 4 proteins for clotting
Vitamin K (phytonadione)
This vitamin is the antidote for an overdose of warfarin
Vitamin K
This vitamin is required to be given to newborns due to their sterile intestinal tract which increases risk of bleeding without it
Vitamin K
Dietary sources for this vitamin are green leafy veggies like brussel sprouts, broccoli and asparagus
Vitamin K (phylloquinone)
This vitamin comes in 2 forms cholecalciferol which is the animal form via skin synth and ergo calciferol which comes from plants
Vitamin D3 and D2
This vitamin is important for muscle contraction and the absorption of calcium and phosphorus
It is also important for maintaining strong bones
Vitamin D
Deficiency in this vitamin can cause bone growth retardation (Ricketts)
Vitamin D
Deficiency of this vitamins causes low Calcium which results in breakdown of bone and osteoporosis
Vitamin D
Dietary sources for this vitamin include fish, eggs and fortified foods
Vitamin D
This vitamin support cellular energy metabolism and is combined with phosphorus to be invoiced with glucose metabolism
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
Deficiency in this vitamin affects multiple body systems such as GI, CNS, CV, and MS (causes less alert, weakness and fatigue)
- Chronic alcohol abuse also interferes with absorption of this vitamin
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)
Dietary sources for this vitamin are whole or enriched grains, and legumes
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)
Banana bags are yellow because of this vitamin
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)
This vitamin acts as a coenzyme in DNA synthesis and produces heme (needed for hemoglobin)
Vitamin B9 (folic acid)
Deficiency in this vitamin causes megaloblastic anemia
Vitamin B9 (Folic acid)
Deficiency in this vitamin may cause neural tube deficits (spine bifida)
Needed most by women
Alcohol interferes with its absorption
Vitamin B9 (folic acid)
Dietary sources of this vitamin are dark green leafy veggies, OJ, legumes, chicken liver, fortified cereals and grains
Vitamin B9 (folic acid)
This vitamin is responsible for amino acid metabolism and heme formation
Vitamin B12 (Cobalmin)
This vitamin is needed for HCl- (unless it is in supplement from) and intrinsic factor (IF) for absorption
Vitamin B12 (colbalamin)
Deficiency in this vitamin can lead to macrocytic anemia—> pernicious anemia
Vitamin B12
Deficiency in this vitamin can caused tingling hands and or feet, decrease in cognition and though process
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
This vitamin requires IM injection if the patient is low in gastric acid and lacks IF (D/t low parietal cells)
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
Gasterctomy, low gastric and and IBS may be the cause of this deficiency
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)
Dietary sources for this vitamin include animal origin and fortified foods
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)
If there is no ____ in the _____ the body cannot absorb B12.
_____ cells release ___ to bind to B12 and be absorbed in the _______. Excess of B12 is stored in the _____ or excreted in _____
IF, Stomach, parietal, IF, ileum, liver, bile
This vitamin is an antioxidant and maintains bone matrix, cartilage and collagen
It also facilitates iron absorption
Vitamin C
Deficiency in this vitamin leads to poor wound healing (traumatic injury/ surgery), easy bruising, petachiae (rash) and weak bones
Vitamin C
Dietary sources of this vitamin are citrus fruits, juices, tomatoes, bell peppers and strawberries
Vitamin C
This vitamin is stored with ferritin and is a function part of Hgb —> heme
Heme delivers O2 to cells and this vitamin hold heme in the RBS
Iron
Deficiency in this vitamin can be d/t low gastric acid and malabsorption issues
Iron
S/se of this vitamin deficiency are fatigue, muscle weakness and pallor
Iron
Dietary sources of this vitamin include Liver, meat, chicken, fish, whole grains, fortified foods
Iron
This vitamin is found 99% in bonds and 1% in blood
- It provides rigidity to skeleton and cross linking of fibrin for clot formation
Calcium
This vitamin is needed for nerve transmission, muscle contraction and relation and vitamin D is needed for absorption
Calcium
Deficiency in this vitamin can lead to osteoporosis, muscle spasms, Chboslek, and trosseau, immobilization, and can be due to hypothyroidism
Calcium
Dietary sources of this vitamin include dairy products, dark green veggies, and fortified foods
Calcium
What step is this in the nursing process for drug therapy
Signs and symptoms of disease
Dissatisfaction with current health status
Risk of chronic health conditions
Assessment of pt
Assessment
What step is this in the nursing process for drug therapy
Nursing diagnosis
Care plan development (plan, goals and outcomes)
Patient teaching
Planning
What step is this in the nursing process for drug therapy
Administering drugs
Drugs can be vitamins, pain relievers, supplements, medications to treat diseases
Intervention
What step is this in the nursing process for drug therapy
Looking for signs and symptoms/
Satisfaction with health
Prevention of disease
Evaluation
What step is this in the nursing process for drug therapy
Reassessment of pt
Re evaluate goals and outcomes
Revision of plan or care PRN
Reassessment and revision if needed
Opioids, stimulants, depressants, hallucinogens, anabolic steroids are all considered
Controlled substances
Waste disposal:
Sharps that do not contain any medication
Empty syringes and ampoules
Red sharps container
Waste disposal:
- Full or partial IV bags, bottle or vials
- Tablets- whole, broken or partial
- Syringes with medication allowed
Blue RX waste container
Waste disposal:
Hazardous medications left in a syringe or ampoule
Include Coumadin/ Nicotine packaging into the black container
Tablets whole, broken or partial
Black 2 gallon sharps container
Waste disposal:
Place items that may leak in a clear ziplock bag prior to disposal
Include Coumadin/ Nicotine packaging into the black container
Full or partial IV bags, bottle or vials
No syringes
Black 8 gallon container
