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Music 202 Exam 1 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Melody + accompaniment (SATB)

A

homophonic

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2
Q

several equal and independent melodies working together

A

polyphonic

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3
Q

different versions of the same melody sounding simultaneously

A

heterophonic

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4
Q

Philosophers who believed a perfect world could be accessed only through our intellects

A

dualists

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5
Q

Philosophers who believed in the world around us

A

Materlists

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6
Q

“The City of God” was written to demonstrate that

A

History had a direction willed by God

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7
Q

Characteristics of Ancient Greek Music

A

-improvised
-always associated with poetry or dancing
-the melody and rhythm were bound in the vocal inflections and rhythm of poetry
-virtuoso instrumentalists

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8
Q

“What in the world does the god mean, and what is this riddle? For I realize that I am wise in nothing, great or small; what then does he mean by saying that I am the wisest? Surely, he does not lie; that is not in keeping with his nature.” Passage from…

A

Plato’s apology

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9
Q

Maze-like pattern found on early Greek vases

A

meander

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10
Q

Most prosperous and successful of the great Athenian dramatists

A

Sophocles

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11
Q

Four fathers of the early Christian church

A
  1. St. Ambrose
  2. St. Jerome
  3. Pope Gregory 1
  4. St. Augustine
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12
Q

Christ Pantocrator

A

-SURVIVED the period of destruction of iconic images that twice racked the Eastern church
-represents the DUAL NATURE OF CHRIST
-is one of the most WIDELY USED religious images of Orthodox Christianity

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13
Q

Why is Bothius important

A

TRANSLATIONS of greek philosophers TRANSMITTED knowledge

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14
Q

Main idea of Julius Caesar’s “Commentaries”

A

military campaigns

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15
Q

Let me only glance where you are,

the voice dies, I can say nothing,

but my lips are stricken to silence,

underneath my skin the tenuous flame suffuses;

nothing shows in front of my eyes;

my ears are muted in thunder.

And the sweat breaks running upon me,

fever shakes my body, paler I turn than grass is;

I can feel that I have been changed,

I feel that death has come near me.

Lyric poem author:

A

Sappho

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16
Q

Characteristics of art in classical Greece

A

-balance and order
-realism in faces
-standards of human beauty derived from proportion and symmetry
-muscularity of male forms

NOT rigid, stylized stances

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17
Q

Connections between music & math in ancient Greece

A

-ratios of the sounds of planetary bodies moving through space
-ratios of strings for intervals
-mathematical laws govern music intervals and heavenly bodies/ planets
-system of musical sounds and rhythms exemplifies harmony of the cosmos

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18
Q

Greek doctrine of ethods

A

Music and poetry are inseparably connected

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19
Q

4 Roman writers

A

-Catallus
-Julius Caesar
-Cicero
-Virgil

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20
Q

Who said “You cannot step into the same river twice, for other waters are continually flowing in?”

A

Heraclitus

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21
Q

Main them of the Iliad

A

Achilles’ anger and its consequences

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22
Q

Greek vases from 1000-700 BC mainly feature

A

abstract geometric designs

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23
Q

Most significant architectural feature of Hagia Sophia

A

dome on pendentives

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24
Q

In Hagia Sophia, the light entering the church symbolically represents

A

divine wisdom

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25
Q

The sculpture “Kritios Boy” is renowned for representing

A

a turning point from the Archaic to the Classical period

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26
Q

The “Lacoon group” is an example of

A

freestanding Hellenistic art

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27
Q

The feeling of emotional cleansing experienced by the audience in ancient Greek dramas

A

catharsis

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28
Q

Thales of Miletus believed that the world had its origins in

A

water

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29
Q

The work of a famous Greek sculptor that combines realistic action with an idealized geometry

A

Discobolus by Myron

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30
Q

The year 323 is important because it is the year

A

Alexander the Great died and the Hellenistic period began

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31
Q

Greek/Oriental/Hellenistic musical features rejected by the early Christian church

A

-cultivating music in pursuit of enjoyment and beauty
-music connected with religious festivals
-instrumental music
-anything associated with the Jewish culture

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32
Q

“Unhappy Dido, so they told me truly
That your own hand hand brought you death. Was I—Alas! The cause?
I swear by all the stars,
By the world above, by everything held sacred
Here under the earth, unwillingly, O queen,
I left your kingdom [by] the gods’ commands.”

A

Virgil’s Aeneid

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33
Q

Who wrote edict of Milan

A

Constantine

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34
Q

Who managed to protect the borders of the Roman empire?

A

Diocletian

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35
Q

Who was responsible fo the Tetrarchy of Four

A

Diocletian

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36
Q

Who shifted the center of the Roman Empire to the east and laid the foundation for the culture?

A

Constantine

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37
Q

Who participated in the Council of Nicaea?

A

Constantine

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38
Q

Why was Christ portrayed without his beard in the mosaics of Ravenna

A

-in scenes in which He exercised divine power
-to represent eternity

not because that was the Greek-Byzantine style

39
Q

Pythagoras was a

A

philosopher and musician

40
Q

Which Roman emperor moved the capital for the Western Roman Empire to Ravenna?

A

Theodoric

41
Q

Separate, 8-sided buildings near cathedrals or churches in the Byzantine era were commonly used for

A

baptisteries

42
Q

Leader of Greece during the Golden Age connected with great achievements

A

Pericles

43
Q

“Contraposto” is a term used to indicate

A

a chiastic stance in Greek statuary

44
Q

The importance of the art and architecture in the city of Ravenna is

A

-the combination of basilica shapes
-Christian symbolism
-change from 3D to 2D
-blending secular and spiritual elements in the mosaics

45
Q

When a priest and a congregation exchange lines of singing in a psalm, this is called

A

responsorial

46
Q

When two choirs exchange lines in the singing of a psalm, this is called

A

antiphonal

47
Q

According to the Council of Nicaea, is Christ fully or partially divine?

A

Fully

48
Q

What is the significance of St. Catherine’s Monastery at Mount Sinai in Egypt

A

-built during Justinian times, still used
-preserve Byzantine art
-protected many history icons
-rediscovery of earliest Greek codex of the New Testament
-chant performed here very similar to chant from the early days of the Eastern Orthodox Church`

49
Q

Dome of the Rock religion

A

Christianity, Juadaism, Islam

50
Q

The Vatican in Rome religion

A

Christianity

51
Q

Mecca religion

A

Islam

52
Q

Santiago de Compostela religion

A

Christianity

53
Q

Wailing Wall in Jerusalem religion

A

Judaism

54
Q

Scala Santa in Rome religion

A

Christianity

55
Q

5 pillars of Islam

A
  1. fasting
  2. faith
  3. pilgrimmage
  4. almsgiving
  5. prayer
56
Q

Can Sunni Muslims also be Sufi?

A

Yes

57
Q

contributions of the Umayyad Caliphate to the Islamic empire

A

-unifying the empire
-common coinage
-establishing Arabic as the official language
-standardizing weights and measures
-building Dome of the Rock and Umayyad Mosque

58
Q

Things NOT characteristic of Islamic art

A

-veneration of holy animals
-images of Allah

59
Q

Commonalities between Christianity and Islam

A

-expansion through missionary work
-revelation from a divine source
-belief in free will

60
Q

Who transmitted knowledge and philosophy from East to West

A

-Maimonides
-Boethius
-Averroes
-Avicenna
-House of Wisdom

61
Q

Which caliphate lasted the longest?

A

Abbasid

62
Q

Which caliphate built Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem

A

Umayyad Caliphate

63
Q

Which caliphate built the Mosque of Samarra

A

Abbasid Caliphate

64
Q

Which caliphate built House of Wisdom

A

Abbasid Caliphate

65
Q

Which caliphate built Great Mosque of Damascus

A

Umayyad Caliphate

66
Q

Which caliphate built the Great Mosque of al-Mutawakill

A

Abbasid Caliphate

67
Q

Which caliphate built the Great Mosque of Cordoba

A

Abbasid Caliphate

68
Q

Many Abbassid buildings were built using what material?

A

mud bricks

69
Q

two-pipe reed instrument

A

aulos

70
Q

a scale whose particular arrangement of whole and half steps creates a unique mood or sound

A

mode

71
Q

the second level of a basilica or church

A

clerestory

72
Q

Ka’bah

A

cube

73
Q

triangles formed by the intersection of two arches

A

Pendentive

74
Q

whether or not it was blasphemous to use images or icons in art

A

Inconoclastic controversy

75
Q

a horizontal band at the top of a building decorated with sculpture

A

frieze

76
Q

the triangular upper section of the front of a classical building

A

pediment

77
Q

an oil flask used for funerary offerings and painted with mourning or graveside scenes

A

Lekythos

78
Q

lighthearted, for the purpose of comic relief in the middle of tragedies

A

Satyr play

79
Q

mathematical proportions in the movements of celestial bodies as a form of music

A

music of the spheres

80
Q

Wars between Rome and Carthage

A

Punic Wars

81
Q

a sculpture in motion

A

Discobolos

82
Q

the characteristic of 3D in sculpture

A

Relief

83
Q

a landowner in ancient Rome, but not elite

A

Plebian

84
Q

six groups of long-short-short syllables

A

Dactylic hexameter

85
Q

wars between Greece (led by Athens) and Darius I and his successors

A

Persian War

86
Q

the upper class in ancient Rome

A

Patrician

87
Q

wars between Athens and Sparta and their respective allies

A

Peloponnesian Wars

88
Q

Four rulers of the divided Roman empire

A

Tetrarchy

89
Q

the ideal male proportion

A

Doryphoros

90
Q

politically neutral organization of Greek city-states

A

Delian League

91
Q

music or poetry that typically represents Dionysis

A

Dithyramb

92
Q

four-note scale

A

tetrachord

93
Q

the chanting of psalms by a Jewish rabbi/cantor/Levite

A

Cantillation

Music 202 Exam 1 (5 decks)

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