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Women's Health Exam 1 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

1830-1840

A

The Health movement
- Women started advocating and taking action
- Women started to seek entry into the medical profession

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2
Q

1861-1865

A

The Civil War
- Prompted many women to volunteer as doctors and nurses

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3
Q

Mid to Late 1800s

A

The number of women attending medication school grew, although they still struggled to achieve equal status in the profession

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4
Q

1890’s -1920’s

A

The progressive Era
- Women obtained the right to vote
- In 1916 Margaret Sanger opened the first birth control clinic in Brooklyn, NY, representing the push to legalize birth control

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5
Q

1930’s -1950’s

A

Word War 2 and Post War
- Women in the workforce increased until the war ended and they were pressured to return home
- Birth control use increased, the Apgar score and the Epidural was invented, and PMS was discovered

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6
Q

1960’s - 1970’s

A

The Grassroots Movement
- Civil Rights Act and Title IX were passed
- FDA approved “The Pill” in 1960

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7
Q

Elizabeth Blackwell

A

The first woman to complete medical school in America despite discrimination from male counterparts

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8
Q

Clara Barton

A

Founded the American Red Cross

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9
Q

Rebecca Lee Crumpler

A

The first black woman to earn a medical degree in the United States

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10
Q

Martha Hughes Cannon

A

A skilled physician and the first female state senator of the United States

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11
Q

Margaret Sanger

A

An educator and advocate for contraceptives

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12
Q

What does the For the strength of Youth pamphlet say about our bodies and spirits?

A
  • Your body is the image of God
  • Your soul is made up of your body and your spirit
  • Sexual feelings are an important part of God’s plan
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13
Q

Incidence

A

a measure of the probability of occurrence of a given medical condition in a population (number of new cases)

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14
Q

Prevalence

A

The proportion of a particular population found to be affected by a medical condition at a specific time

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15
Q

Epidemiology

A

the study of analysis of the distribution, patterns, and determinants of health and disease conditions

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16
Q

Surveillance

A

the ongoing, systemic, collection, analysis and interpretation of health-related data needed for the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice

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17
Q

Descriptive epidemiology

A

most used, specific analytic, and experimental approaches can be used

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18
Q

Analytic epidemiology

A

Analyzes disease determinants for casual relations

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19
Q

Experimental epidemiology

A

hypothesis developed and experimental model constructed. The gold standard for establishing casual relationships.

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20
Q

Describe the importance of the NIH Office of Research on Women’s Health

A

In 1990 the National Institutes of Health (NIH) established the Office of Research on Women’s Health (ORWH)

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21
Q

NIH Accomplishments

A
  • Policies have been developed and implemented to ensure the inclusion of women in NIH clinical research
  • Women’s health and sex differences research has increased
  • New programs have been implemented to prepare researchers to conduct women’s health research
  • There has been new focus on interdisciplinary career development and sex/gender differences research across the research continuum
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22
Q

Major functions of the ovaries

A

Produce oocytes
Produce reproductive hormones (estrogen and progesterone)

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23
Q

main functions of the vagina

A

Receives the penis during intercourse
With the cervix, provides an entrance for male sperm cells to reach the uterus
During birth it acts as passageway for the baby

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24
Q

sexual wholeness model

A

Sexual wholeness model models healthy sexuality as controlling sexual desire by prioritizing the spirit over the body
Dimensions of sexual nature
- Emotional dimension - love, attachment, unity
- Spiritual dimension - meaning, purpose, progression
- Physical dimension - satisfaction, pleasure, health

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25
General differences between male and female arousal
- Females take more time to be aroused than males - Clitoris is made up primarily of erectile tissue and it’s only know function is sexual arousal
26
Social media as a health concern
It is a health concern, public health concern especially in adolescent
27
Characteristics of puberty in girls (Tanner stages)
Breast development Public hair growth What isn’t captured Brain development Internal changes Social and cultural changes
28
WHO’s classifications of violence
Collective violence Interpersonal violence Self directed violence Community violence
29
most common violent crime against Women
Simple Assault
30
Definition of sexual harassment/criteria for identification
Sexual harassment: any behavior that is unwanted and unwelcome that is sexual in nature or is gender directed. It is also classified as sexual assault if the behavior interferes with the ability of someone to pursue an education; perform professional duties; or feel safe
31
policies important to violence against women and what resources they provide
Violence against women act - Legal aid for survivors of domestic violence - Community violence prevention programs - Protection for victims who are evicted from their homes Funding for victim assistance services
32
Body image
The perception that a person has of their physical self, but more importantly, the thoughts and feelings the person experiences as a result
33
Factors that help shape body image
Social media self family culture friends socioeconomic status where you live
34
essential nutrients for women
Fiber Calcium Folic Acid - prevents birth defects in the fetus’ brain and spine Iron
35
What is intuitive eating?
when a person marches to their ginger hunger signals and eats whatever they choose without experiencing guilt
36
What are the 10 principles of intuitive eating?
Reject diet mentality Honor your hunger Make peace with food Challenge food police Discover satisfaction factor Feel (respect) your fullness Cope with your emotions with kindness Respect your body Movement - feel the difference Honor your health - gentile nutrition
37
Disordered eating
a wide range of irregular eating behaviors that do not warrant a diagnosis of a specific disorder
38
Eating disorders
a diagnosable disorder that requires intervention from a trained professional - anorexia, bulimia, binge eating
39
Identify best prevention and risk reduction strategies for STI
Abstinence (most effective) Vaccines (HPV) Screenings Use of condoms
40
Identify groups that are at high-risk for STI’s and complications
Women of color Young people Transgender women
41
Identify the most common STI’s in the United States, including basic facts including type (bacterial, viral, etc.)
Chlamydia: bacterial Trichomoniasis: protozoan parasite Genital herpes: virus HPV: virus
42
Identify the most expensive STI’s in the United States
The most expensive STI’s in the US: HIV and HPV
43
Exercise
planned, structured, repetitive bodily movement
44
Physical activity
bodily movement that involves muscle contractions and an increase in metabolism
45
Identify essential nutrients
Fats Minerals Vitamins Proteins Carbs water
46
Uncontrollable disease factors
- family history of disease and genetics - sex/gender - ancestry - age - co - existing health problems
47
Primary Prevention
intervention implemented before there is evidence of a disease or injury - ex: prevent pregnancy
48
Secondary Prevention
an intervention implemented after a disease has begun, but before symptomatic - ex: screen pregnant women for substance use during prenatal visit, refer for tx
49
tertiary prevention
An intervention implemented after a disease or injury is established - ex: treat babies with NAS
50
Sleep: benefits, needs by age & gender
- adults 7+ hours (women more) - kids 9-13+ hours
50
Big 3” health behaviors
- physical activity - diet/nutrition - sleep
51
Social connectedness & loneliness
Lacking social connection is as dangerous as smoking up to 15 cigarettes a day Utah health improvement plan Mental health concerns
52
sleep benefits (9)
- get sick less often - maintain healthy weight Lower risk of chronic disease Improve mental function Improve mood Better decision making Avoid accidents Stress management Athletic performance
53
Menarche
the first occurrence of menstruation Normally from 11-14 years of age
54
Define self-objectification
Learn to view own body from outside perspective Monitor how we look rather than feel
55
Define self-compassion
Evaluation of self-worth constituted by judgements and comparisons More rude to self than they would be to others
56
Reflect on what it means to be a whole embodied human
Not prioritizing validation from others above own well-being, health, happiness No struggling to fit self into cultural mold - no mold No fragmentation
57
Where does the embryo implant?
Uterus - endometrium
58
What happens during ovulation?
LH causes the release of the egg from the follicle
59
Where does conception happen?
Fallopian tube
60
Understand what is meant by the fertile window
- time during cycle when person is most likely to get pregnant - approximately days 10-17 of cycle if ovulation on day 14 - 6-7 days - 5 days leading to ovulation, day of ovulation, day after ovulation
61
Identify when conception is most likely to occur
- 6-7 days - 5 days leading to ovulation, day of ovulation, day after ovulation
62
origin of estrogen
ovaries
63
origin of progesterone
ovaries
64
origin of LH
pituitary gland
65
origin of FSH
anterior pituitary gland
66
General principles around pregnancy intendedness
If pregnancy is planned or not Unintended pregnancy have disruption in maternal infant bonding Increase risk of low birth weight Delay prenatal care, experience violence, have mental health problems 62% are planned, 38% unintended, 22% mistimed, 16% unwanted
67
Definition of preconception planning
Steps a person takes before they decide to become pregnant to ensure that she is in good health when conception occurs
68
advances in menstrual care
1917 - legalized birth control with prescription 1931 - PMS discovered 1940 - epidural invented by John Bonica for his wife 1969 - first mammography machine - start recommended screenings

Women's Health Exam 1 (2 decks)

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