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Women's Health Exam 1 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

1830-1840

A

The Health movement
- Women started advocating and taking action
- Women started to seek entry into the medical profession

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2
Q

1861-1865

A

The Civil War
- Prompted many women to volunteer as doctors and nurses

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3
Q

Mid to Late 1800s

A

The number of women attending medication school grew, although they still struggled to achieve equal status in the profession

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4
Q

1890’s -1920’s

A

The progressive Era
- Women obtained the right to vote
- In 1916 Margaret Sanger opened the first birth control clinic in Brooklyn, NY, representing the push to legalize birth control

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5
Q

1930’s -1950’s

A

Word War 2 and Post War
- Women in the workforce increased until the war ended and they were pressured to return home
- Birth control use increased, the Apgar score and the Epidural was invented, and PMS was discovered

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6
Q

1960’s - 1970’s

A

The Grassroots Movement
- Civil Rights Act and Title IX were passed
- FDA approved “The Pill” in 1960

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7
Q

Elizabeth Blackwell

A

The first woman to complete medical school in America despite discrimination from male counterparts

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8
Q

Clara Barton

A

Founded the American Red Cross

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9
Q

Rebecca Lee Crumpler

A

The first black woman to earn a medical degree in the United States

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10
Q

Martha Hughes Cannon

A

A skilled physician and the first female state senator of the United States

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11
Q

Margaret Sanger

A

An educator and advocate for contraceptives

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12
Q

What does the For the strength of Youth pamphlet say about our bodies and spirits?

A
  • Your body is the image of God
  • Your soul is made up of your body and your spirit
  • Sexual feelings are an important part of God’s plan
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13
Q

Incidence

A

a measure of the probability of occurrence of a given medical condition in a population (number of new cases)

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14
Q

Prevalence

A

The proportion of a particular population found to be affected by a medical condition at a specific time

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15
Q

Epidemiology

A

the study of analysis of the distribution, patterns, and determinants of health and disease conditions

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16
Q

Surveillance

A

the ongoing, systemic, collection, analysis and interpretation of health-related data needed for the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice

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17
Q

Descriptive epidemiology

A

most used, specific analytic, and experimental approaches can be used

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18
Q

Analytic epidemiology

A

Analyzes disease determinants for casual relations

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19
Q

Experimental epidemiology

A

hypothesis developed and experimental model constructed. The gold standard for establishing casual relationships.

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20
Q

Describe the importance of the NIH Office of Research on Women’s Health

A

In 1990 the National Institutes of Health (NIH) established the Office of Research on Women’s Health (ORWH)

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21
Q

NIH Accomplishments

A
  • Policies have been developed and implemented to ensure the inclusion of women in NIH clinical research
  • Women’s health and sex differences research has increased
  • New programs have been implemented to prepare researchers to conduct women’s health research
  • There has been new focus on interdisciplinary career development and sex/gender differences research across the research continuum
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22
Q

Major functions of the ovaries

A

Produce oocytes
Produce reproductive hormones (estrogen and progesterone)

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23
Q

main functions of the vagina

A

Receives the penis during intercourse
With the cervix, provides an entrance for male sperm cells to reach the uterus
During birth it acts as passageway for the baby

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24
Q

sexual wholeness model

A

Sexual wholeness model models healthy sexuality as controlling sexual desire by prioritizing the spirit over the body
Dimensions of sexual nature
- Emotional dimension - love, attachment, unity
- Spiritual dimension - meaning, purpose, progression
- Physical dimension - satisfaction, pleasure, health

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25
Q

General differences between male and female arousal

A
  • Females take more time to be aroused than males
  • Clitoris is made up primarily of erectile tissue and it’s only know function is sexual arousal
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26
Q

Social media as a health concern

A

It is a health concern, public health concern especially in adolescent

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27
Q

Characteristics of puberty in girls (Tanner stages)

A

Breast development
Public hair growth
What isn’t captured
Brain development
Internal changes
Social and cultural changes

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28
Q

WHO’s classifications of violence

A

Collective violence
Interpersonal violence
Self directed violence
Community violence

29
Q

most common violent crime against Women

A

Simple Assault

30
Q

Definition of sexual harassment/criteria for identification

A

Sexual harassment: any behavior that is unwanted and unwelcome that is sexual in nature or is gender directed. It is also classified as sexual assault if the behavior interferes with the ability of someone to pursue an education; perform professional duties; or feel safe

31
Q

policies important to violence against women and what resources they provide

A

Violence against women act
- Legal aid for survivors of domestic violence
- Community violence prevention programs
- Protection for victims who are evicted from their homes

Funding for victim assistance services

32
Q

Body image

A

The perception that a person has of their physical self, but more importantly, the thoughts and feelings the person experiences as a result

33
Q

Factors that help shape body image

A

Social media
self
family
culture
friends
socioeconomic status
where you live

34
Q

essential nutrients for women

A

Fiber
Calcium
Folic Acid - prevents birth defects in the fetus’ brain and spine
Iron

35
Q

What is intuitive eating?

A

when a person marches to their ginger hunger signals and eats whatever they choose without experiencing guilt

36
Q

What are the 10 principles of intuitive eating?

A

Reject diet mentality
Honor your hunger
Make peace with food
Challenge food police
Discover satisfaction factor
Feel (respect) your fullness
Cope with your emotions with kindness
Respect your body
Movement - feel the difference
Honor your health - gentile nutrition

37
Q

Disordered eating

A

a wide range of irregular eating behaviors that do not warrant a diagnosis of a specific disorder

38
Q

Eating disorders

A

a diagnosable disorder that requires intervention from a trained professional - anorexia, bulimia, binge eating

39
Q

Identify best prevention and risk reduction strategies for STI

A

Abstinence (most effective)
Vaccines (HPV)
Screenings
Use of condoms

40
Q

Identify groups that are at high-risk for STI’s and complications

A

Women of color
Young people
Transgender women

41
Q

Identify the most common STI’s in the United States, including basic facts including type (bacterial, viral, etc.)

A

Chlamydia: bacterial
Trichomoniasis: protozoan parasite
Genital herpes: virus
HPV: virus

42
Q

Identify the most expensive STI’s in the United States

A

The most expensive STI’s in the US: HIV and HPV

43
Q

Exercise

A

planned, structured, repetitive bodily movement

44
Q

Physical activity

A

bodily movement that involves muscle contractions and an increase in metabolism

45
Q

Identify essential nutrients

A

Fats
Minerals
Vitamins
Proteins
Carbs
water

46
Q

Uncontrollable disease factors

A
  • family history of disease and genetics
  • sex/gender
  • ancestry
  • age
  • co - existing health problems
47
Q

Primary Prevention

A

intervention implemented before there is evidence of a disease or injury
- ex: prevent pregnancy

48
Q

Secondary Prevention

A

an intervention implemented after a disease has begun, but before symptomatic
- ex: screen pregnant women for substance use during prenatal visit, refer for tx

49
Q

tertiary prevention

A

An intervention implemented after a disease or injury is established
- ex: treat babies with NAS

50
Q

Sleep: benefits, needs by age & gender

A
  • adults 7+ hours (women more)
  • kids 9-13+ hours
50
Q

Big 3” health behaviors

A
  • physical activity
  • diet/nutrition
  • sleep
51
Q

Social connectedness & loneliness

A

Lacking social connection is as dangerous as smoking up to 15 cigarettes a day
Utah health improvement plan
Mental health concerns

52
Q

sleep benefits (9)

A
  • get sick less often
  • maintain healthy weight
    Lower risk of chronic disease
    Improve mental function
    Improve mood
    Better decision making
    Avoid accidents
    Stress management
    Athletic performance
53
Q

Menarche

A

the first occurrence of menstruation
Normally from 11-14 years of age

54
Q

Define self-objectification

A

Learn to view own body from outside perspective
Monitor how we look rather than feel

55
Q

Define self-compassion

A

Evaluation of self-worth constituted by judgements and comparisons
More rude to self than they would be to others

56
Q

Reflect on what it means to be a whole embodied human

A

Not prioritizing validation from others above own well-being, health, happiness
No struggling to fit self into cultural mold - no mold
No fragmentation

57
Q

Where does the embryo implant?

A

Uterus - endometrium

58
Q

What happens during ovulation?

A

LH causes the release of the egg from the follicle

59
Q

Where does conception happen?

A

Fallopian tube

60
Q

Understand what is meant by the fertile window

A
  • time during cycle when person is most likely to get pregnant
  • approximately days 10-17 of cycle if ovulation on day 14
  • 6-7 days
  • 5 days leading to ovulation, day of ovulation, day after ovulation
61
Q

Identify when conception is most likely to occur

A
  • 6-7 days
  • 5 days leading to ovulation, day of ovulation, day after ovulation
62
Q

origin of estrogen

A

ovaries

63
Q

origin of progesterone

A

ovaries

64
Q

origin of LH

A

pituitary gland

65
Q

origin of FSH

A

anterior pituitary gland

66
Q

General principles around pregnancy intendedness

A

If pregnancy is planned or not
Unintended pregnancy have disruption in maternal infant bonding
Increase risk of low birth weight
Delay prenatal care, experience violence, have mental health problems
62% are planned, 38% unintended, 22% mistimed, 16% unwanted

67
Q

Definition of preconception planning

A

Steps a person takes before they decide to become pregnant to ensure that she is in good health when conception occurs

68
Q

advances in menstrual care

A

1917 - legalized birth control with prescription
1931 - PMS discovered
1940 - epidural invented by John Bonica for his wife
1969 - first mammography machine - start recommended screenings

Women's Health Exam 1 (2 decks)

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