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entom 203 > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

study of health issues that affect people living in the developing world or another country

A

international health

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2
Q

issues that affect people living in the US

A

domestic public health

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3
Q

prevention of disease, attention to disparities, enhance physical AND social environment, focus on public service, emphasizes disease prevention and health promotion for communities

A

public health

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4
Q

focus on individual treatment

A

medicine

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5
Q

goals for development, too few, not specific enough

A

millenium development goals

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6
Q

end hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition, and promote sustainable ag

A

SDG2

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6
Q

end poverty in all its forms everywhere

A

SDG 1

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7
Q

ensure healthy lives and promote wellbeing for all ages

A

SDG 3

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8
Q

ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote learning

A

SDG 4

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9
Q

achieve gender equality and empower women and girls

A

SDG 5

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10
Q

ensure availability and sustainable management of water

A

SDG 6

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11
Q

ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable economic growth, decent work for all

A

SDG 8

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12
Q

build resilient infrastructure, foster innovation

A

SDG 9

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13
Q

reducing inequality within and among countries

A

SDG 10

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14
Q

make cities safe, resilient, sustainable

A

SDG 11

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15
Q

ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns

A

SDG 12

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16
Q

take urgent action to combat climate change

A

SDG 13

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17
Q

conserve and sustainably use oceans, seas, and marine resources

A

SDG 14

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18
Q

protect, restore, and promote sustainable use of forests

A

SDG 15

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19
Q

promote peace and justice

A

SDG 16

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20
Q

strengthen implementation of sustainable development

A

SDG 17

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21
Q

water, sanitation, genetics, family resources, food insufficiency, health care

A

determinants of health

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22
Q

number of infants under 28 days that die

A

neonatal mortality rate

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23
Q

number of years to be lived in the equivalent of good health

A

HALE (health adjusted life expectancy)

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24
Q

disability adjusted life years

A

DALYS

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25
Q

prenatal conditions, respiratory infections

A

cause of DALYS in low and middle income countries

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26
Q

heart disease, depression, etc.

A

cause of DALYS in high income countries

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27
Q

what is the leading cause of death worldwide

A

heart disease

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28
Q

interdisciplinary, evolving, realized through partnerships (especially between low income countries),

A

global health

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29
Q

area for study, research, and practice that places priority of achieving equity in health for all people worldwide

A

global health

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30
Q

science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting physical health through organized community efforts

A

public health

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31
Q

the collaborative effort of multiple disciplines to achieve optimal health for all people

A

one health

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32
Q

breeds undernutrition

A

poverty

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33
Q

extends life expectancy

A

wealth

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34
Q

indicator of investments in human capital made in childhood, related to educational attainment, affected by nutrition

A

height

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35
Q

virtuous cycle

A

health status, nutrition intake, and economic productivity linked

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36
Q

infant death, impaired development, impaired immune system, acute diseases, infections, can last three gens

A

impacts of poor nutritional intake

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37
Q

provided widespread health insurance, cannot be denied for pre existing conditions

A

obama care (affordable care act)

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38
Q

steps of intervention

A

talk with leaders, explain intervention, distribute food

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39
Q

issues concentrated in …

A

africa and india

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40
Q

biggest challenge along with poverty

A

population growth

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41
Q

why do birth rates change

A

momentum and fertility

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42
Q

tendency for population to continue to grow with women of childbearing age (wave of DTM) (ex: Mexico population 1980-98 momentum, increase in women in childbearing years, even if fertility stayed constant, population would have increased)

A

momentum

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43
Q

is the total fertility rate going down

A

yes

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44
Q

why is population still increasing with declining fertility

A

momentum

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45
Q

third problem

A

climate change

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46
Q

fewer frost free days, CO2 going up, increased disease, loss of water

A

climate change agricultural effects

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47
Q

how to nourish 9.8 billion people

A

learn from past (green revolution)

48
Q

is food production increasing

A

yes, but still one billion people have insufficient food

49
Q

what food do wealthy people want

A

dairy and meat

50
Q

how to nourish population

A

close yield gap, increase yield potential, reduce waste, change diets

51
Q

maize and wheat science for improved livelihoods

A

CIMMYT mission

52
Q

vitamin A, zinc, iron

A

micronutrients

53
Q

ways to improve micronutrient intake

A

supplementation (pills), fortification, biofortification

54
Q

how to appeal to consumers

A

cost, color, taste

55
Q

veggies, fruits, nuts

A

horticultural crops

56
Q

challenges to hort crop production

A

biological growing challenges, infrastructure challenges, poorly documented production,

57
Q

benefits or hort crops to global health

A

important to diets, nutrients, vitamins, minerals

57
Q

what type or crops are underconsumed globally and in the US

A

horticultural crops

58
Q

how to improve hort crop value

A

large scale production, expand post harvest infra, genetic improvement, deployment of nutrient rich, meet consumer expectations,

59
Q

impairs immune function

A

vitamin A defficiency

60
Q

how to improve provitamin A

A

biofortified crops (carrots)

61
Q

future challenges for improving hort crops nutrition

A

climate change, increased temp, variable rainfall, soil salinity

62
Q

have significant diet and environmental impacts, plays an important roles in livelihoods, consumption higher in high income countries

A

animal source foods (ASFs)

63
Q

excess consumption can lead to health issues

A

ASFs

64
Q

the people, places and activities that bring us food

A

food system

65
Q

meat production has increased rapidly in the past 50 years

A

true

66
Q

contain higher concentrations of more bioavailable nutrients (protein, fatty acids, and vitamins)

A

ASFs

67
Q

proportion of ingested nutrient that is absorbed

A

bioavailability

68
Q

association between stunting and meat consumption

A

inverse, more meat means less stunting

69
Q

impacts health impacts of ASFs

A

saturated fats, cholesterol, processing, sodium, carcinogens

70
Q

low cost animal food, rich in nutrients, biodiversity,

A

fish

71
Q

problems of fishing sector

A

open access, no alternative income, conflict between commercial and small scale, decline in catches

72
Q

environmental impacts of ASD production

A

land use, greenhouse gas emissions,

73
Q

market and social and environmental costs of product

A

true price

74
Q

how to reduce impacts of ASFs

A

improved breed, growth efficiency, improved feed production, manure management, water and crop efficiencies

75
Q

ASF impacts on economy

A

agricultural GDP, supports low income households, manure as resource, source of power/traction in farming

76
Q

meat production has increased by 4 times

A

true

77
Q

iron from plant source foods in the form of non heme iron, has less bioavailability than heme iron in ASFs

A

true

78
Q

the limited living globe

A

ecosphere

79
Q

boundary, context, components, relationships, inputs, outputs

A

system thinking

80
Q

analysis, pieces, parts, mechanisms, structure

A

reductionist

81
Q

synthesis, whole, meanings, functioning

A

holistic

82
Q

increase in nutrients in water, leads to dead zones and algae blooms

A

eutrophication

83
Q

nutrients, soil formation, freshwater, climate regulation, disease regulation, aesthetics

A

services of an ecosystem

84
Q

based on high yields, profits, technology, chemicals, causes many climate effects

A

industrial agriculture

85
Q

nature model, biological solutions, climate neutral, conservation

A

agroecology

86
Q

control erosion, reduce leaching, fix carbon

A

growing perennials

87
Q

stunting, wasting, overweight

A

symptoms of malnutrition

88
Q

doubly labeled water, deuterium dose to mother, dual isotope tracer technique, deuterium dilution technique

A

techniques using isotopes to study total energy requirements, breast milk intake, protein digestion, and body composition

89
Q

IAEA

A

international atomic energy agency

90
Q

variations of an element, used for nuclear science

A

isotopes

91
Q

fat, water, proteins, glycogen, nonbone material, bone material

A

body composition

92
Q

rays of hope, atoms4food, zodiac, nutec

A

IAEA flagship initiatives

93
Q

SDGS IAEA targets

A

2 and 3

94
Q

verification, safety, science and technology

A

three pillars of IAEA

95
Q

gives loans to help low income countries build up infrastructure

A

world bank

96
Q

rockefeller, bill and melinda gates

A

foundations for global health

97
Q

non governmental organizations

A

NGOs

98
Q

what makes yellow rice yellow

A

GMOs

99
Q

health for all, child survival, cost effective, health sector reform

A

global health efforts

100
Q

surveillance, prevention, and treatment of disease, cooperation, public and private partnerships

A

challenges to global health initiatives

101
Q

uses tissue samples from kids, SDG 3, health and mortality prevention

A

CHAMPS

102
Q

vitamin A supplementation, sugar fortification, education, but hypervitamin A

A

Zambia

103
Q

situation analysis, assess data sufficiency, describe data, decision making

A

GAVA framework

104
Q

india, focused on education of women and improved nutrition

A

kerala case study

105
Q

fees at public health clinics, led to decreased use and decreased labor productivity for poorly educated people

A

indonesia case study

106
Q

psychomoter development test, deployed protein maize,

A

oaxaca mexico

107
Q

jared diamond book, ways to prevent social collapse

A

too selfish, too much faith in tech, invest in cell phones and efficient energy

108
Q

striga work

A

barbara mcclintok discovered genome editing

109
Q

maize/wheat science for improved livelihoods

A

CIMMYT mission

110
Q

sustainable agrifood, wheat, maize, dryland crop, genetic resources

A

CIMMYT research programs

111
Q

3 billion people cant afford

A

CoCA diet

112
Q

biofortified maize with prova

A

success to limit deficiency

113
Q

increased equality and the economy by getting women involved

A

nepal case study

114
Q

breeding to improve prova carrot content

A

success, 45 percent increase in intake

115
Q

train students, design porpagation, propogate best performers

A

bangladesh improvement project

116
Q

CHAMPS, BOND, Harvest plus

A

examples of collaboration to improve global health

entom 203 (3 decks)

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