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Intro to Sports Nutrition > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

data shows that all athletes have increased protein needs for several reasons:
All of the above
Protein used as fuel
Increased protein damage and degradation
increased protein synthesis

A

all the the above

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2
Q

Macronutrients are nutrients humans need to consume and use in:
large amounts
moderate amounts
small quanites

A

large quanites

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3
Q

which atomic structure is not found in carbohydrates
nitrogen
carbon
oxygen
hydrogen

A

nitrogen

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4
Q

where is glycogen mainly stored when maintaining blood sugar levels such as during an overnight fast
liver
muscle
muscle and liver
none of these

A

liver

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5
Q

Which of these is not a function of carbohydrates (glucose) in the body
activates ketosis
fuel for physical activity
stored as glycogen in muscles and liver
converted to fats when not used for immediate energy

A

activates ketosis

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6
Q

Lipids ________ gastric emptying
slow
increase

A

slow

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7
Q

what quantity are micronutrients expressed in?
micrograms
picrograms
kilograms
grams

A

micrograms

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8
Q

micronutrients are nutrients humans need to consume in:
small quantities
moderate quantities
large quantities

A

small quantities

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9
Q

polysaccharides are broken into:
all of the above
starch
fiber
glycogen

A

all of the above

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10
Q

how many sugar units do disaccharides have?
2
1
3
4

A

2

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11
Q

what is the storage location for the major bank of energy during physical activity?
muscle
liver
muscle and liver
none of these

A

muscle

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12
Q

on average muscle _______ of glycogen
400 g (1600) kcal
100 g (400) kcal
3 g (12) kcal

A

400 (1600) kcal

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13
Q

a given quality of carbohydrate lipid and protein contain about the same amounts of energy
true
false

A

false

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14
Q

which of the following is not a micronutrient
a fatty acid
vitamin C
iron
calcium

A

a fatty acid

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15
Q

which is false:
insulin increases the rate of muscle breakdown
insulin can be found in anabolic steroids
insulin regulates glucose concentration in the blood

A

insulin increases the rate of muscle breakdown

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16
Q

except for lactose and a small portion of glycogen from animals_______
provided the major sources of CHO in the human diet
plants
minerals
water
eggs

A

Plants

17
Q

as a general rule consuming a large amount of high-quality recommended levels facilitated increase in muscle mass:
true
false

A

false

18
Q

which function of a protein molecule in false?
inhibit cell function
provides structure to muscles and tissues
back up energy sources
acid/base

A

inhibit cell function

19
Q

all carbohydrates no matter the original food source, break down, or are converted to glucose?
true
false

A

true

20
Q

after water, which is the most abundant source in the human body?
proteins
blood
hydrogen
fat

A

proteins

21
Q

which provided more energy per gram?
fats
fructose
protein
carbs

A

fats

22
Q

Which of the following is not a disaccharide?
fructose
maltose
sucrose
lactose

A

fructose

23
Q

which is not a major type of lipids?
micelles
cholesterol
phospholipides
triglycerides

A

micelles

24
Q

complex carbohydrates are also called:
polysaccarides
monosaccharides
diasaccharides

A

polysaccarides

25
Q

how many amino acids are “essential” and must come from dietary sources?
9
20
18
101

A

9

26
Q

on average the liver stores _________ of glycogen?
100 g (400) kcal
400 g (1600) kcal
3 g (12) kcal

A

100 g (400) kcal

27
Q

how many calories make up a carbohydrate?
9
4
7
1

A

4

28
Q

what is the major function of FAT in the body?
all of the above
source of energy
vital organ protection
thermal insulation
transportation for fat-soluble vitamins
suppress hunger

A

all of the above

29
Q

carbohydrates are broken down and converted to ______ when digested:
glucose
sugar
glycogen
energy

A

glucose

30
Q

which is not one of the major three macronutrients?
alcohol
carbohydrates
protein
fats

A

alcohol

31
Q

in what quantity are macronutrients expressed in?
grams
micrograms
picograms
kilograms

A

grams

32
Q

of there is no immediate need or energy glucose molecules can bond together into glycogen and be stored in the body. Where can these glycogen molecules be stored?
muscle and liver
muscle
liver
non of these

A

muscle and liver

33
Q

how many calories per gram make up a single lipid molecule?
9
4
7
1

A

9

34
Q

______ controls the level of circulating blood glucose
insulin
estrogen
gastrin
lepton

A

insulin

35
Q

how many calories are per gram that make up a protein molecule?
4
9
7
1

A

4

36
Q

how many amino acids are required by the body?
20
18
9
101

A

20

37
Q

where is insulin produced?
pancreas
the small intestine
cerebral cortex
the gallbladder

A

pancreas

38
Q

where is fat stored?
adipose tissue
plasma-free fatty acids
plasma triglycerides
intramuscular triglycerides
all of the above

A

all of the above

Intro to Sports Nutrition (3 decks)

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