Exam 1 Flashcards
What is included in preconception care?
- giving protection (immunizations)
- managing conditions
- avoiding harmful exposures
What immunizations are indicated during pregnancy? (3)
- Flu
- T-dap
- Hep B
What is the purpose of adequate Folic acid intake?
prevents neural tube defects
What is the indicated folic acid range?
400-800 mcg
What is the indicated range for BMI during preconception?
18.5-30
Probable pregnancy?
Positive pregnancy test
Braxton hicks contractions
Goodell’s sign
Hegar’s sign
Chadwick’s sign
What is Goodell’s sign?
softening of cervix
What is Hegar’s sign?
softening of the lower portion of the uterus
What is Chadwick’s sign?
slight bluing of female genitalia
Positive pregnancy?
ultrasound (see fetus)
fetal movements confirmed by provider
confirmed fetal heart tones
When might a provider feel fetal movements?
20 weeks
When are there fetal heart tones?
8-9 weeks
How would we calculate a woman’s estimated due date?
Naegele’s Rule
First day of last menstrual period
- 3 months
+ 7 days
= due date
When is there viability for the fetus?
23-25 weeks gestation
When does the neural tube close?
week 4
When is the heart developed?
week 3
When might a mother feel fetal movements?
week 13-16
When do fetal lungs begin to produce surfactant?
week 23-24
When are CNS developed?
week 3
When are eyes, arms, legs, ears developed?
week 4
When are teeth and palate developed?
week 6
When are external genitals developed?
week 7
What does G stand for?
number of pregnancies
What does T stand for?
number of pregnancies that have ended at term
When is full term?
> 37 weeks
What does P stand for?
number of pregnancies that ended preterm
When is preterm?
20-37 weeks
What does A stand for?
number of pregnancies that end by abortion
When is abortion?
before 20 weeks
What does L stand for?
number of living children
Role of amniotic fluid?
protection
regulates temp
growth
Role of umbilical cord?
perfusion
Role of placenta?
circulation
protection: immunoglobulins
endocrine: hCG
What birth control methods have a high risk for developing TSS?
Diaphragm
Contraceptive Sponges
(barrier methods)
S/S of TSS (7)
high fever
faint feeling
hypotensive
watery diarrhea
headache
macular rash
muscle aches
Early warning signs of medical complications for users of birth control pill?
A: abdominal pain
C: chest pain
H: headache
E: eye problems
S: severe leg pain
What testing is required to ensure proper match for organ donation?
- blood type
- HLA
- crossmatching
Higher percentage indicates higher risk of organ rejection?
Panel Reactive Antibody
When is Panel Reactive Antibody drawn?
every month when on waiting list
What result from crossmatching indicates the organ can be donated?
negative
What are the 2 highest risks while taking immunosupressants?
bleeding
infections
What are 2 goals after transplantation?
prevent rejection
prevent infection
When are transplant examinations performed after transplantation?
6 months
1 year
3 years
Signs of ACUTE kidney rejection?
pain at site of transplant
flu-like symptoms
fever
wt changes
edema
changes in HR
reduction in urine output
Hyperacute Rejection?
during surgery or up to 48hrs after
What is the treatment for hyperacute rejection?
organ must be removed
Treatment for acute rejection?
medications
Treatment for chronic rejection?
new transplant
How many immunosuppressants are transplant recipients usually prescribed?
3
What meds are transplant recipients prescribed?
immunosuppressants
calcineurin inhibitors (sandimmune)
cytotoxic meds (Cellcept, Imuran)
polyclonal antibodies (Thymoglobulin)
Corticosteriods (-sone)
Which kind of medications can cause fertility problems?
cytotoxic meds
What are S/E of corticosteriods (9)?
HTN
osteoporosis
wt gain
insomnia
blurred vision
hyperglycemia
mood changes
edema
hair growth
Brain death criteria?
hemodynamically stable
body temp >90F
pupils nonreactive to light and movement
no spontaneous reaction to physical stimuli
apnea in presence of hypercapnia
What level should MAP be at to adequately perfuse oxygen to organs?
> 65
How long do hearts and lungs last?
4-6hrs