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Mental Health > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Mental health continuum

A

Shows how functioning may change over time

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2
Q

Diathesis-stress model

A

Diathesis represents biological predisposition and stress represents environmental stress/trauma

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3
Q

Mental health parity

A

Equality of funding from insurance companies for mental health

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4
Q

Epidemiology

A

Helps identify high risk groups and behaviors and causes of some behaviors

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5
Q

Prevalance rates

A

Identify proportion of population experiencing a specific mental disorder at a given time

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6
Q

DSM-5

A

Criteria for psychiatric disorders and appropriate interventions

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7
Q

Standardized nursing classification system

A

Used to form and communicate patient problems

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8
Q

Institute of medicine (IOM) & quality and safety education of medicine (QSEN)

A

Made mandates to prepare future nurses with knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary for quality and safety - includes the 6 competencies of nursing

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9
Q

6 competencies of nursing

A

Patient centered care
Teamwork and collaboration
Evidence based practice
Quality improvement
Safety
Informatics

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10
Q

Therapeutic use of self

A

Using personal personality traits to promote healing in others

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11
Q

Values

A

An ideal, positive or negative, of what is important in life
Ex. Self resilience, honesty, cleanliness, organization, justice, respect, healthy lifestyle

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12
Q

Opinion/conviction

A

Something you hold to be true, confidence, trust, or faith, religious tenets or creed

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13
Q

Transference

A

Pt views nurse as being similar to someone they know

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14
Q

Countertramsference

A

Pt reminds the nurse of someone they know

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15
Q

Paplaus Preorientation phase

A

Obtain info about pt, examine one’s own feelings

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16
Q

Paplaus Orientation phase

A

Introduction, establish rapport, specifying a contract, explaining confidentiality

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17
Q

Paplaus working phase

A

Increased levels of anxiety and recognize dysfunctional responses
Identify and explore areas that are causing problems in pts life and evaluate coping mechanisms

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18
Q

Paplaus termination phase

A

Summarizes goals and objectives that have been achieved
Exchange memories to validate experience and facilitate closure

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19
Q

Psychotherapy

A

Group of theoretically based therapies used by ARNPs

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20
Q

Empathy

A

Understanding the feelings of others

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21
Q

Sympathy

A

Felling pity for others BAD

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22
Q

Content level of communication

A

Verbal speech

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23
Q

Process level of communication

A

Nonverbal behavior

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24
Q

Personal factors that can affect communication

A

Psychiatric disorder

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25
Q

Environmental factors of communication

A

Noise
lack of privacy

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26
Q

Relationship factors of communication

A

Equality
Difference in power

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27
Q

Beliefs

A

Opinions
Religions
Trust
Faith

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28
Q

Nontherapeutic communication

A

Excessive questioning
Giving approval/disapproval
Giving advice
Asking why questions

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29
Q

Kinesic communication

A

Nonverbal communication made by body movements, facial expressions, body posture and gestures

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30
Q

Vocal quality/paralanguage

A

Volume pitch, rate and fluency
Improves rapport and demonstrates empathy

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31
Q

Proxemics

A

Significance of physical distance between individuals

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32
Q

Intimate distance

A

18 in
Who we trust the most/ feel safe

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33
Q

Personal distance

A

18in-4ft
Friends/colleagues

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34
Q

Social distance

A

4-12 ft
Strangers/acquaintances
Public spaces/ social gatherings

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35
Q

Public distance

A

12ft or more
Public speaking
Party may move while speaking

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36
Q

Resilience

A

Effective on not focusing on negative thoughts

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37
Q

Stigma

A

Belief that overall person is flawed
Social shunning, disgrace, shame

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38
Q

Comorbidity

A

Presence of 2 or more disorders

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39
Q

Channel

A

Method where communication takes place (in person, telephone)

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40
Q

Encode

A

Develops messages

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41
Q

Decode

A

Determine meaning of message

42
Q

Psychological noise

A

Mind is preoccupied with other thoughts

43
Q

Physiological noise

A

Illness, HA, or fatigue that can impact communication

44
Q

Double bind messages

A

Saying one thing but body language is saying another thing
No-win situation

45
Q

Paraphrasing technique

A

Restating what a pt says to confirm or interpret the message

46
Q

Restating technique

A

Restating something the pt said to potentially gain more info
Ex. Pt- “I feel empty”
Nurse- “you feel empty?”

47
Q

Reflecting technique

A

Pt states how they think another person views them and the nurse counters with another question and makes pt aware of their inner feelings

48
Q

Exploring technique

A

Asking questions to get more info about something

49
Q

Projective questions

A

Usually start with “what if…”

50
Q

Freuds Id

A

Instincts, reflexes, and needs
Lacks ability to problem solve and illogical

51
Q

Freuds Ego

A

Problem solver and reality tester
Differentiates subjective experiences, memory images, and objective reality

52
Q

Freuds superego

A

Develops between 3-5 yrs old
Moral component of personality
Aware of the should and should nots
Pride and guilt

53
Q

Oral stage of development

A

0-1yrs
Mouth sucking, biting, chewing

54
Q

Anal stage of development

A

1-3yrs old
Toilet training

55
Q

Phallic stage of development

A

3-6yrs old
Genitals/masturbation
Sexual identity with parent of same sex

56
Q

Latency stage of development

A

6-12yrs old
Development of skills to cope with environment
Develops feelings and able to care for others

57
Q

Genital stage of development

A

12yrs and older
Sexual intercourse, satisfaction of sexual and emotional relationships

58
Q

Free association

A

Freely share whatever thoughts and words that come to mind

59
Q

Dream analysis

A

Analyze dreams for symbolism

60
Q

Defense mechanisms

A

Denial, projection, rationalization

61
Q

Interpersonal therapy

A

Short term
For grief/loss, interpersonal (relationship) disputes and role transition

62
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Rewards and punishes voluntary behavior with reinforcement
Ex. Ignoring a child when they’re acting out

63
Q

Modeling therapy

A

Therapist provides model for pt to learn from - watching someone do the very thing they have a phobia of
Role playing to have pt practice saying something to another person

64
Q

Imaginable exposure

A

Imagining the phobia/trauma and describing thoughts/feelings

65
Q

In vivo exposure

A

Confront fears in a real world setting

66
Q

Aversion therapy

A

Providing negative feedback when undesirable thoughts/feelings occur
Ex. Bitter spray on nails for nail biters

67
Q

Biofeedback

A

Devices that monitor VS and coach pt through breathing exercises when needed

68
Q

All or nothing thinking

A

Thinking in black or white
Ex. If you aren’t first, you’re last

69
Q

Overgeneralization

A

Using a bad outcome as evidence that nothing will ever go right again

70
Q

Labeling

A

A characteristic/event defines and labels a person
Ex. I failed my exam, I’m a failure

71
Q

Mental filter

A

Focusing only on the negative details when there were more positive ones

72
Q

Disqualifying the positive

A

Maintaining negative view on something even when info supports a positive view
Ex. I got the job but they probably didn’t have any other applicants

73
Q

Jumping to conclusions

A

Jumping to a negative conclusion with no evidence

74
Q

Mind reading

A

Inferring negative thoughts of others
Ex. Somebody yawns in a speech and you think she thinks you’re boring

75
Q

Fortune telling error

A

Anticipating that things will turn out badly

76
Q

Magnifying/minimization

A

Exaggerating or minimizing importance of something
Ex. I’m alone on Saturday because no one likes me

77
Q

Emotional reasoning

A

Drawing a conclusion based on emotional state
Ex. If I’m nervous about the exam, I must not be prepared

78
Q

Personalization

A

Assuming responsibility that was out of personal control
Ex. Your party wasn’t fun because I was there

79
Q

Schemata

A

Mental representation of the world

80
Q

Piagets sensorimotor stage

A

0-2yrs
Basic reflexes, spatial abilities, hand eye coordination

81
Q

Piagets preoperational stage

A

2-7yrs old
Think in concrete fashion
Expects others to view world as they do
Unable to conserve mass, volume or #

82
Q

Piagets concrete operational stage

A

7-11 yrs
Logical thought and abstract problem solving

83
Q

Piagets Formal operational stage

A

11yrs old to an adult
Basic abilities to think abstractly and problem solve mirroring an adult

84
Q

Eriksons infancy stage

A

0-1.5yrs old
Trust vs mistrust
Forming attachment to mother

85
Q

Eriksons early childhood stage

A

1.5-3yrs old
Autonomy vs shame and doubt
Gaining control of self, toilet training, exploring

86
Q

Eriksons preschool stage

A

3-6 yrs old
Initiative vs guilt
Becoming purposeful and directive

87
Q

Eriksons school age stage

A

6-12yrs old
Industry vs inferiority
Develops social, physical and school skills

88
Q

Eriksons adolescence stage

A

12-20 yrs old
Identity vs role confusion
Developing sense of identity

89
Q

Eriksons Early adulthood stage

A

20-35yrs
Intimacy vs isolation
Establishing intimate bonds of love and friendship

90
Q

Eriksons middle adulthood stage

A

35-65 yrs old
Generativity vs self absorption
Fulfilling life goals and concerns about the future generations

91
Q

Eriksons later years stage

A

65-death
Integrity vs despair
Looking back on life and accepting its meaning

92
Q

Ethics

A

Study of beliefs of what is right and wrong

93
Q

Bioethics

A

Specific ethical issues in healthcare

94
Q

Beneficence

A

Act that benefits good of others

95
Q

Autonomy

A

Pts right to making their own decisions

96
Q

Justice

A

Distribute resources equally

97
Q

Fidelity

A

Maintain loyal, do no wrong

98
Q

Veracity

A

Truthful

99
Q

Tort

A

Act that violates another persons rights/property

100
Q

Negligence

A

Failure to use ordinary care in a situation when you have the duty to do so

101
Q

Malpractice

A

Professional negligence

102
Q

Malpractice

A

Professional negligence

Mental Health (5 decks)

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